自考英語《英語國家概況》沖刺練習

1、.His job is important.What he does is important.This is his job.This is what he does every day. . I dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day.I dont know about the man, Mr. White.I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher. .that (賓語從句或表語從句中that有時可以省略) whether,if （表示“是否”表明內(nèi)容的不確定性) as

2、if ,as though （表示“好像”，“似乎”） what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however .1 That he will succeed is certain.2 Whether he will go there is not known.3 What he said is not true.4 Where he hid the money is to be found out .5 Wh

3、oever comes is welcome.6 How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting. 7 When theyll start the project has not been decided yet.為避免主語冗長為避免主語冗長, ,句子頭重腳輕句子頭重腳輕, ,經(jīng)常經(jīng)常用用it作形式主語作形式主語, ,主語從句放在后面作主語從句放在后面作真正的主語。真正的主語。1. It is certain that he will succeed.2. It is not known whether he will go

4、 there.3. It has not been decided yet when theyll start the project.“It” is used as empty subject.形式主語形式主語.賓語賓語從句從句在句中充當賓語成分在句中充當賓語成分( (可以作謂語動詞、可以作謂語動詞、介詞、不定式等非謂語動詞的賓語介詞、不定式等非謂語動詞的賓語) )They know that the habit will kill them.It all depends on whether they will support us.He asked how much I paid for

5、 the violin.He made it clear to the public that he did an important and necessary job. I find it necessary that we should do the homework.Tell the function of the following clauses.that, whether, if (that?？墒÷猿？墒÷?who, what, which, whoever, whatever, when where why how. 當當whether后緊跟后緊跟or/or not時時,不用不

6、用if.I dont know whether I will stay or not. 介詞介詞后面的賓語從句不能用后面的賓語從句不能用if. I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 1. whether和和if都可以引導賓語從句都可以引導賓語從句. 在在主主+謂謂+it (形式賓語形式賓語) +賓補賓補+that從從句句(真正賓語真正賓語)的句型中的句型中不省略不省略We must make it clear that we mean what we say. 由連詞由連詞and連接的兩個由連接的兩個由that引導引導的賓語從句中的賓語從句中,第

7、二個第二個that不省略不省略。He told me (that) he would come and that he would come on time.The question is whether we can rely on him. Thats because we were in need of money at that time.He looked as if he was going to cry.Thats why I was late.表語從句表語從句: :在句中充當表語成分，一般放在句中充當表語成分，一般放在系動詞之后。在系動詞之后。 作用作用: :對主語進行解釋說明

8、。對主語進行解釋說明。bekeep, rest, remain, stay, lie, standseem, appear, look feel, smell, sound, taste, look become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run .when / where / why / how / because that / whether / as if / as though (if不不引導表語從句引導表語從句)who / whom / whose / which / what.同位語從句同位語從句在句中充當同位語成分，其一般跟在一些在句中充

9、當同位語成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名詞抽象名詞( (idea; belief; fact; truth; problem; news等等) )后面，對名詞作進一步解釋說明。后面，對名詞作進一步解釋說明。同位語從句常用同位語從句常用that引導或用連接副詞引導或用連接副詞when / where / why / how / whether The news that we won the game is exciting.Tom made his teacher a promise that he would never be late again. The thought came to him

10、 that Mary had probably fallen ill. .1.1.同位語從句的格式：同位語從句的格式：2.2.能接同位語從句的名詞有：能接同位語從句的名詞有：3.3.連接詞通常是連接詞通常是that, ,也可根據(jù)含義選用也可根據(jù)含義選用n. + 連接詞連接詞 + 從句從句fact, idea, news, order, belief, suggestion, advice, information等等whether, what, when, where等來引導等來引導同位語從句。同位語從句。.1. Two thirds of all girls in Britain are o

11、n a diet./ The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.2. The Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China./ We heard the news last night._The fact that two thirds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot._We heard the news last night that the Queen of England

12、was on a three-day visit in China.4. Time travel is possible./ There is no scientific proof for the idea.5. Chinese students should be given more free time./ The suggestion is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school.3. Teenagers should not spend too much time online./ Many British parents

13、 hold the view._Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online._There is no scientific proof for the idea that time travel is possible._The suggestion that Chinese students should be given more free time is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school. 定語

14、從句是先行詞的修飾語定語從句是先行詞的修飾語, 它不涉及它不涉及 先行詞的具體內(nèi)容。定語從句中先行詞的具體內(nèi)容。定語從句中that不不但起連接作用但起連接作用, 而且在定語從句中而且在定語從句中充當一充當一個句子成分個句子成分, 充當從句的賓語成分時可省充當從句的賓語成分時可省略。略。2. 同位語從句對中心詞的內(nèi)容作進一步的同位語從句對中心詞的內(nèi)容作進一步的 解釋和說明解釋和說明, 表明中心詞的具體內(nèi)容。表明中心詞的具體內(nèi)容。 引導同位語從句的引導同位語從句的that在同位語從句中在同位語從句中 不做任何成分不做任何成分, 只起連接作用只起連接作用, 無具體含無具體含 義義, 且不可省略。且不

15、可省略。. We expressed the hope that they had expressed.2. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.1. The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.2. The information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value.ATAPAPAT. _ t

16、he baby could speak made his parents very happy. A. That B. What C. Why D. If2. I wonder _ you will go shopping or stay at home. A. that B. if C. whether D. what主語從句主語從句賓語從句賓語從句.3. This is _ he was often late for school. A. what B. that C. why D. whether4. We all know the truth _ the earth _ around

17、the sun. A. if; moved B. that; moves C. why; move D. whether; move表語從句表語從句同位語從句同位語從句.At lunch time, the radio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.What surprised me most was that the old man co

18、uldnt see anything. The fact that Polly didnt ask for the mans name is a pity. Find clauses from the following sentences and tell the functions of them.Appositive Clause (同位語從句同位語從句)Subject Clause (主語從句主語從句)Object Clause (賓語從句賓語從句)Predicative Clause (表語從句表語從句).一、名詞性從句的語序一、名詞性從句的語序(1) 名詞性從句構(gòu)成有兩種名詞性從句

19、構(gòu)成有兩種a. That + 陳述句陳述句That light travels in straight lines is known to all. This is what we are looking for.b. 疑問詞疑問詞+句子的剩余成分句子的剩余成分.Could you tell me where he lives? ( )Could you tell me where does he live? ( )(2) 疑問詞引導的名詞性從句要求使用陳述疑問詞引導的名詞性從句要求使用陳述 句語序，不能用一般疑問句語序。句語序，不能用一般疑問句語序。How was he successful

20、 is still a puzzle. ( )How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( )你能告訴我他住在什么地方嗎？你能告訴我他住在什么地方嗎？FTTF他是怎么成功的仍然是個謎。他是怎么成功的仍然是個謎。.二、名詞性從句連接詞的選用二、名詞性從句連接詞的選用(1) that 和和what 的選用的選用that 和和 what 都可引導所有的名詞性都可引導所有的名詞性從句。但是，從句。但是，what除起連接作用外，除起連接作用外，還在名詞性從句中充當成分，可作從還在名詞性從句中充當成分，可作從句的主語、賓語、或表語。而句的主語、賓語、或表語。而tha

21、t在在名詞性從句中不充當任何成分，只起名詞性從句中不充當任何成分，只起連接作用。連接作用。.that / what1. _ he wants is a book.2. _ he wants to go there is obvious.3. The result is _ we won the game.4. This is _ we want to know.5. Is _ he told us true?6. We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7. I have no doubt _ he will come.8. I h

22、ave no idea _ he did that afternoon.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhat.a. 主語從句主語從句b. 表語從句表語從句c. 同位語從句同位語從句d. 介詞后的賓語從句介詞后的賓語從句e. whether to do 做動詞賓語不能用做動詞賓語不能用if to do.f. 與與 or not 連在一起引導賓語從句連在一起引導賓語從句 時不用時不用if.不能使用不能使用if 的情況的情況:.1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2. _ we will hold a party in the open air

23、 tomorrow depends on the weather.3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4. I dont know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _ or not he is well.6. The question is _ he should do it.7. The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8. I havent decided _ to go there.if / whetherWh

24、etherwhetherwhether / ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether. They expressed the hope _ they would come over to China. A. which B. that C. whom D. when2. The fact _ he didnt see Tom yesterday is true. A. that B. which C. when D. what3. I have no idea _ he will come back. A. where B. when C. what D. if.4. On

25、e of the men held the view _ the book said was right. A. what that B. that which C. that what D. which that5. Word has come _ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week. A. what B. whether C. that D. which.6. The question is _ the film is worth seeing. A. if B. what C. wheth

26、er D. how 7. They received orders _ the work be done at once. A. which B. when C. / D. that 8. The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed. A. why; why B. why; because C. why; that D. that; because .9. _ I cant understand is _ she wants to change her mind. A. What; why B. Which; how C. Th

27、at; why D. What; because10. _ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain. A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if.11. It is known to us _ where there is pollution, there is harm. A. which B. where C. what D. that12. I have the information _. A. of what hell come soon B. that hell come soo

28、n C. of that hell come soon D. his coming soon.13. - I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball. - _ it made me nearly mad. A. That he broke B. What he broke C. He broke D. His break14. It remains a question _ we can get so much money in such a short time. A. how B. that C. when D. what

29、.15. - Can I help you? - Yes, do you know _? A. when comes the bus B. when will come the bus C. when does the bus come D. when the bus comes16. He made a promise _ anyone set him free he would make him very rich. A. that B. if C. what D. that if.17. They lost their way in the forest and _ made matte

30、rs worse was _ night began to fall. A. what; that B. it; that C. what; when D. which; what.18. It now appears _ they are in need of help. A. that B. which C. what D. how19. It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days. A. which B. what C. that D. how20. It _ Joe drives badly. A. thought that B.

31、thinks that C. was thought that D. is thought that.21. You must do well _ the teacher asks you to do. A. which B. what C. that D. where22. This is _ she was born. A. where B. which C. that D. what23. The question is _ we cant go there today. A. that B. what C. which D. when.24. The question is _ it is worth doing. A. if B. whether C. which D. what25. The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time. A. because B. why C. that D. what26. My suggestion is _ we should turn the land