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1、1英語(yǔ)基本句型及英語(yǔ)基本句型及鞏固練習(xí)課件鞏固練習(xí)課件2五種基本句型與五種基本句型與There be.()()主謂主謂 They are working hard.()()主謂賓主謂賓 I forgot to mail the letter yesterday.()()主謂賓賓主謂賓賓 He gave me a new bicycle .()()主系表主系表 He is a university student.()()主謂賓賓補(bǔ)主謂賓賓補(bǔ) Karl Marx made London the base for his revolutionary work. ( 6 6)There beTher
2、e be + 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) There is a hole in the wall.3英語(yǔ)基本句型英語(yǔ)基本句型-1主謂結(jié)構(gòu)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)4英語(yǔ)基本句型英語(yǔ)基本句型-1主謂結(jié)構(gòu)主謂結(jié)構(gòu) 本結(jié)構(gòu)是由本結(jié)構(gòu)是由主語(yǔ)加不及物的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成主語(yǔ)加不及物的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成, 常常用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作。用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作。如:如:The sun rises. Tom has already left. 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)可有修飾語(yǔ)可有修飾語(yǔ)-定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)可有修飾語(yǔ)可有修飾語(yǔ)-狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)。如如: 1. The red sun rises in the east.2. So they had to travel by air or
3、boat.3.We got up early so as to catch the first bus.4. She sat there alone, reading a novel.5. He came back when we were eating.6.Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may stay up.5(主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞)擴(kuò)展和修飾擴(kuò)展和修飾 The boy spoke to his teacher. The little boy spoke loudly to his
4、teacher. The boy named Tom spoke to his math teacher in a low voice. The little boy called Tom spoke to his Chinese teacher.6yesterday evening. two hours.in the past ten years. in 1919. 1她昨天回家很晚。她昨天回家很晚。2會(huì)議將持續(xù)兩個(gè)小時(shí)。會(huì)議將持續(xù)兩個(gè)小時(shí)。3在過(guò)去的十年里,(在)我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大在過(guò)去的十年里,(在)我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。的變化。41919年,(在)北京爆發(fā)了年,(在)北京爆
5、發(fā)了“五五.四四”運(yùn)動(dòng)。運(yùn)動(dòng)。She went home very lateThe meeting will last Great changes have taken place in my home townThe May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing鞏固練習(xí):鞏固練習(xí):7in the morning. to borrow books.to the south. five years ago.five kilos. every day. 5每天八時(shí)開(kāi)始上課。每天八時(shí)開(kāi)始上課。6這個(gè)盒子重五公斤。這個(gè)盒子重五公斤。7五年前我住在北京。五年前我住在北
6、京。8秋天有些鳥(niǎo)飛到南方去。秋天有些鳥(niǎo)飛到南方去。9我的爺爺早晨起得很早。我的爺爺早晨起得很早。10. 每天下午有許多學(xué)生到圖書(shū)館來(lái)借書(shū)。每天下午有許多學(xué)生到圖書(shū)館來(lái)借書(shū)。Classes begin at eightThis box weighsI lived in Beijingsome birds flyIn autumn,My grandfather gets up earlya lot of students comeEvery afternoon to the library811.會(huì)議有可能開(kāi)兩個(gè)半小時(shí)會(huì)議有可能開(kāi)兩個(gè)半小時(shí).12. 我所就讀的學(xué)校坐落在那個(gè)美麗的湖我所就讀的學(xué)校坐
7、落在那個(gè)美麗的湖邊邊.13.她盼望已久的機(jī)會(huì)終于到來(lái)了她盼望已久的機(jī)會(huì)終于到來(lái)了.14. 正在睡覺(jué)的嬰兒笑了正在睡覺(jué)的嬰兒笑了.The meeting will last two and a half hours.The schoollieswhere I studyby the beautiful lake.The chancecamewhich she wanted to get for a long timeat last.The baby smiles.sleeping9英語(yǔ)基本句型英語(yǔ)基本句型-2主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)10英語(yǔ)基本句型英語(yǔ)基本句型-2主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu) 本結(jié)構(gòu)是由本結(jié)
8、構(gòu)是由主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+及物的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及物的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。 賓語(yǔ)成分的多樣化賓語(yǔ)成分的多樣化使得這一結(jié)構(gòu)異常復(fù)雜。使得這一結(jié)構(gòu)異常復(fù)雜。如如:1. Tom made a hole in the wall. 2. I dont know if he can come tomorrow. 3. They havent decided where to go next. 4. She stopped teaching English two years ago. 5. It took them ten years to build the dam. 6. Mother promises to
9、give me a present.11(主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ))擴(kuò)展和修飾擴(kuò)展和修飾 I forgot to mail the letter yesterday. Unfortunately, I forgot to mail the letter yesterday. Unfortunately, I forgot to mail the letter yesterday, which disappointed my mum so much.121昨晚我寫(xiě)了一封信。昨晚我寫(xiě)了一封信。2今天下午我想同你談?wù)?。今天下午我想同你談?wù)劇?這本書(shū)他讀過(guò)多次了這本書(shū)他讀過(guò)多次了4他們成功
10、地完成了計(jì)劃。他們成功地完成了計(jì)劃。5那位先生能流利地說(shuō)三種語(yǔ)言。那位先生能流利地說(shuō)三種語(yǔ)言。 I wrote a letter last night.I want to talk with you this afternoon.He has read this book many times.They have carried out the plan successfully.That gentleman can speak three languagesfluently.鞏固練習(xí):鞏固練習(xí):136我收到了筆友從澳大利亞寄來(lái)的信。我收到了筆友從澳大利亞寄來(lái)的信。 7Jim 還不會(huì)自己穿衣服
11、。還不會(huì)自己穿衣服。 8我們大家都相信我們大家都相信Jack 是一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)男孩。是一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)男孩。 9. 他不知道說(shuō)什麼好。他不知道說(shuō)什麼好。 10. 我開(kāi)窗戶你在意嗎?我開(kāi)窗戶你在意嗎? I received a letter from my penfriendin Australia.Jim cannot dress himself.All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy. He did not know what to say.Do you mind my opening the window? 14英語(yǔ)基本句型英語(yǔ)基本句型3 雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)雙賓
12、語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)15英語(yǔ)基本句型英語(yǔ)基本句型3 雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) 說(shuō)明:此結(jié)構(gòu)由說(shuō)明:此結(jié)構(gòu)由“主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+及物謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及物謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)(人)間接賓語(yǔ)(人) +直接賓語(yǔ)(事物)直接賓語(yǔ)(事物)”組成。如:組成。如: He brings me cookies every day.但若要但若要先說(shuō)出直接賓語(yǔ)(事物),先說(shuō)出直接賓語(yǔ)(事物),后說(shuō)間接賓語(yǔ)后說(shuō)間接賓語(yǔ)(人),(人),則要借助于介詞則要借助于介詞to或或for。如:。如: He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me.用用to側(cè)重指動(dòng)作的方向,表示
13、側(cè)重指動(dòng)作的方向,表示朝著,向著,對(duì)著朝著,向著,對(duì)著某人。某人。用用for 側(cè)重指動(dòng)作的受益者,側(cè)重指動(dòng)作的受益者,表示為了某人,替某人表示為了某人,替某人。常跟雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:(常跟雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:(需借助需借助to的的)bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等;等;(需借助(需借助for 的)的) buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spar
14、e等。等。16(主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ))擴(kuò)展和修飾擴(kuò)展和修飾 Grandma told me a story. As expected, Grandma told me a story . Grandma told me a story for the purpose of cheering me up. Grandma told me one story after another in the hope of cheering me up.171Johnson 先生去年教我們德語(yǔ)。先生去年教我們德語(yǔ)。 2奶奶昨晚給我們講了一個(gè)有趣的故事。奶奶昨晚給我
15、們講了一個(gè)有趣的故事。 3請(qǐng)把那本字典遞給我好嗎?請(qǐng)把那本字典遞給我好嗎? 4他把車(chē)票給列車(chē)員看。他把車(chē)票給列車(chē)員看。 Mr Johnson taught us German last year.Grandma told me an interesting storylast night.Would you please pass me the dictionary?He showed the ticket to the conductor.185我替你叫輛出租汽車(chē)好嗎?我替你叫輛出租汽車(chē)好嗎?6新式機(jī)器將會(huì)為你節(jié)省許多勞動(dòng)。新式機(jī)器將會(huì)為你節(jié)省許多勞動(dòng)。7他用他的第一個(gè)月工資給他媽媽買(mǎi)他用他
16、的第一個(gè)月工資給他媽媽買(mǎi)了一件毛衣了一件毛衣Shall I call you a taxi?The new machine will save you a lot of labour. He bought a new coat for his motherwith his first months salary.19 英語(yǔ)基本句型英語(yǔ)基本句型-4 主系表結(jié)構(gòu)主系表結(jié)構(gòu)20英語(yǔ)基本句型英語(yǔ)基本句型-4主系表結(jié)構(gòu)主系表結(jié)構(gòu) 本結(jié)構(gòu)是由本結(jié)構(gòu)是由主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)組成,主要用以組成,主要用以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的特征,類屬,狀態(tài),身份特征,類屬,狀態(tài),身份等。系動(dòng)詞等。系動(dòng)詞有有:1.表
17、示特征和存在狀態(tài)的表示特征和存在狀態(tài)的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound; 2.表示狀態(tài)延續(xù)的表示狀態(tài)延續(xù)的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand;3.表示狀態(tài)變化的表示狀態(tài)變化的 become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow; 21Our English teacher is thirty years old.The cake tastes delicious. We feel used to living in big cities.The pot
18、atoes went bad in the fields.Their boss seems satisfied with the work. Deep water stays still.22(主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞連系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ))擴(kuò)展和修飾擴(kuò)展和修飾 The soup tastes good. To our surprise, The soup tastes good. The soup tastes good,which is beyond our expectation. Frankly speaking, The soup tastes good. To be honest, The
19、soup tastes so good as to surprise everyone.23鞏固練習(xí):鞏固練習(xí):1冬季白天短,夜晚長(zhǎng)冬季白天短,夜晚長(zhǎng)2十五歲他十五歲他就成為就成為有名的鋼琴家了。有名的鋼琴家了。 3孩子們很少孩子們很少保持保持安靜。安靜。 4她的工作她的工作是是在幼兒園里照看兒童。在幼兒園里照看兒童。In winter, the days are short and the nights are long.At the age of fifteen, he became a famous pianist.Children seldom keep quiet. Her job
20、is to look after the children in the nursery.245他失業(yè)了。他失業(yè)了。 6樹(shù)葉樹(shù)葉已經(jīng)變已經(jīng)變黃了黃了7這個(gè)報(bào)告這個(gè)報(bào)告聽(tīng)起來(lái)聽(tīng)起來(lái)很有意思很有意思He is out of work. The leaves have turned yellow.The report sounds interesting.251. As in China, the weather is different from area to area.主系表句型主系表句型的幾個(gè)特例:的幾個(gè)特例:2. We are greatly surprised to meet him t
21、here.3. It is not a good idea to spend your vacation with strangers.4. It is kind of you to say so.5. It is not easy for them to go there by bike.6. Is it Tom who is playing the piano?7. It is a fact that they cant pass the exam.26英語(yǔ)基本句型英語(yǔ)基本句型5 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)27英語(yǔ)基本句型英語(yǔ)基本句型5 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) 說(shuō)明說(shuō)明: 此結(jié)構(gòu)由此結(jié)構(gòu)由
22、“主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+及物的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及物的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+賓賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”構(gòu)成。賓語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間有構(gòu)成。賓語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間有邏輯上的主謂邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系或主表關(guān)系,若無(wú)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),則句意不夠完整。關(guān)系或主表關(guān)系,若無(wú)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),則句意不夠完整??煽梢杂米鲑e補(bǔ)的有:以用做賓補(bǔ)的有:名詞,形容詞,副詞,介詞短語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞名詞,形容詞,副詞,介詞短語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞不定式,分詞不定式,分詞等。如:等。如: The sun keeps us warm. I heard him singing.You must get your hair cut. They made Tom monitor.He used t
23、o do his homework with his radio on. 用用 it 做形式賓語(yǔ),而將真正的賓語(yǔ)放到賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)做形式賓語(yǔ),而將真正的賓語(yǔ)放到賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的后面,以使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡,是英語(yǔ)常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)方式。的后面,以使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡,是英語(yǔ)常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)方式。即:即:主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)+it+賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)+真正賓語(yǔ)真正賓語(yǔ)。如:。如:I found it very pleasant to be with your family.28鞏固練習(xí):鞏固練習(xí):1我們叫她我們叫她Alice. 2我們大家都認(rèn)為他是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。我們大家都認(rèn)為他是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。 3他們把小偷釋放了。他們把小偷釋放了。 4我要你把
24、真相告訴我。我要你把真相告訴我。 5 .衛(wèi)兵命令我們立即離開(kāi)。衛(wèi)兵命令我們立即離開(kāi)。 6. 每天早晨我們都聽(tīng)到他大聲朗讀英語(yǔ)。每天早晨我們都聽(tīng)到他大聲朗讀英語(yǔ)。 7他每個(gè)月理一次發(fā)他每個(gè)月理一次發(fā)8我們不會(huì)讓她在晚上外出的。我們不會(huì)讓她在晚上外出的。 We call her Alice. All of us considered him honest.They have set the thief free. I want you to tell me the truth. The guards ordered us to leave at once. Every morning we hea
25、r him read English aloud. He has his hair cut once a month. We wont let her go out at night. 299那可怕的聲音把孩子們嚇壞了那可怕的聲音把孩子們嚇壞了 10她正在聽(tīng)人家講故事。她正在聽(tīng)人家講故事。11我從來(lái)沒(méi)看見(jiàn)這個(gè)字這樣用過(guò)。我從來(lái)沒(méi)看見(jiàn)這個(gè)字這樣用過(guò)。 12他感到很難跟你交談。他感到很難跟你交談。 13我認(rèn)為有可能用另一種方法解題。我認(rèn)為有可能用另一種方法解題。 14學(xué)校定了一條規(guī)則,開(kāi)始上課時(shí)學(xué)生要起立。學(xué)校定了一條規(guī)則,開(kāi)始上課時(shí)學(xué)生要起立。 The terrible sound made t
26、he children frightened. She is listening to someone telling stories. I have never seen the word used that way before. He felt it very difficult to talk with you. I consider it possible to work out the problem in another way. The school made it a rule that the students should stand up when class begi
27、ns. 30英語(yǔ)基本句型英語(yǔ)基本句型6 There be 句型句型31英語(yǔ)基本句型英語(yǔ)基本句型6 There be 句型句型 說(shuō)明:說(shuō)明: 此句型是由此句型是由“there+be+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+其他其他”構(gòu)成,用以表達(dá)存在關(guān)系可以稱構(gòu)成,用以表達(dá)存在關(guān)系可以稱“有有”。 它其實(shí)是倒裝的一種情況,主語(yǔ)位于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞它其實(shí)是倒裝的一種情況,主語(yǔ)位于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 be 之后,之后,there 僅為引導(dǎo)詞,并無(wú)實(shí)際語(yǔ)意。僅為引導(dǎo)詞,并無(wú)實(shí)際語(yǔ)意。 此句型有時(shí)不用此句型有時(shí)不用be動(dòng)詞,而用動(dòng)詞,而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive等。如:等。如
28、: There stands a hill in the middle of the park. Once upon a time there lived an old king in the town.32 be 與與其后的主語(yǔ)其后的主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)量上在人稱和數(shù)量上一致一致,有,有時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)和情態(tài)變化態(tài)和情態(tài)變化。如:。如: 現(xiàn)在有現(xiàn)在有 There is/are 過(guò)去有過(guò)去有 There was/were 將來(lái)有將來(lái)有 There will be; There is /are going to be. 現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有 There has/have been 可能有可能有 There might be. 肯定有肯定有 There must be There must have been. 過(guò)去曾經(jīng)有過(guò)去曾經(jīng)有 There used to be 似乎有似乎有 There seems/seem/seemed to be 碰巧有碰巧有 There happen/happens/happened to be 33There beThere be + 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) (例句) There was a big fire in the early April of 1978. Th
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