小學(xué)英語情態(tài)動(dòng)詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)及練習(xí)(共7頁)

1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞【知識(shí)要點(diǎn)】:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（Modal verbs）本身有一定的詞義，表示語氣的單詞。但是不能 獨(dú)立作謂語，只能和一起構(gòu)成謂語。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用在行為動(dòng)詞前，表示說話人對(duì)這一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的 看法或主觀設(shè)想。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞雖然數(shù)量不多，但用途廣泛，主要有下列： can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would) must not.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面跟的動(dòng)詞須用原形，否定式構(gòu)成是在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面加 "not"。疑問形式是將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提至主語前。

2、個(gè)別情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有現(xiàn)在式和過去式兩種形式，過去式用來表達(dá)更加客氣，委婉的語氣，時(shí)態(tài)性不強(qiáng)，可用于過去，現(xiàn)在或?qū)?。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞屬，故沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)?！镜湫屠}】:【專題一】:can和could的用法【例1】Can you lift this heavy box?(體力)【解析】表示能力(體力、知識(shí)、技能)【練習(xí)】1.Mary speak three languages.(知識(shí))2. you skate?(技能)此時(shí)可用be able to代替。Can只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去式;而be able to則有更多的時(shí)態(tài)。Ill not be able to come this afternoon.當(dāng)表示“經(jīng)過

3、努力才得以做成功某事”時(shí)應(yīng)用be able to,不能用Can?！纠?】-Can I go now?- Yes, you can. / No, you cant.【解析】表示請(qǐng)求和允許。此時(shí)可與may互換。在疑問句中還可用could,might代替,不是過去式,只是語氣更委婉,不能用于肯定句和答語中。【練習(xí)】- I come to see you tomorrow?- Yes, you . -No, you /Im afraid not. 【例3】Can this be true?【解析】表示推測(cè)(驚訝、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度),用于疑問句、否定句和感嘆句中?！揪毩?xí)】This be done by

4、 him.How this be true?【專題二】may和might的用法：【例1】-Might/ May I smoke in this room?- No, you mustnt.【解析】表示請(qǐng)求和允許。might比may語氣更委婉,而不是過去式。否定回答時(shí)可用cant或mustnt,表示“不可以,禁止”。用May I.?征徇對(duì)方許可時(shí)比較正式和客氣,而用Can I.?在口語中更常見?！揪毩?xí)】- I take this book out of the room?- Yes, you . No, you 【例2】May you succeed!【解析】用于祈使句,表示祝愿。【例3】He

5、may /might be very busy now.【解析】表示推測(cè)、可能性(不用于疑問句)。might不是過去式,它所表示的可能性比may小?！揪毩?xí)】1.Your mother not know the truth.2.He very busy now.他現(xiàn)在可能很忙?！緦ｎ}三】must和have to的用法：【例 1】The man be our teacher。那個(gè)人一定是我們的老師。【例 2】I study hard because of my dream .為了我的夢(mèng)想我必須努力學(xué)習(xí)。【例 3】1.You come in time.你必須準(zhǔn)時(shí)過來【解析】：must表示必須、必要。

6、表示主觀對(duì)事物的推測(cè)時(shí)，意為想必、一定，只用于肯定句中;表推測(cè)時(shí)，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞原形(常為be動(dòng)詞)連用。而have to強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要?！揪毩?xí)】:1.Her play is boring,I go now.2.Your mother be waiting for you now.3.I go home,because my father is ill.【例4】-Must we hand in our exercise books today? -Yes,you -No,you 【解析】：在回答由must引出的問句時(shí)，如果是否定的，不能用mustnt,而用neednt,dont have to.

7、must是說話人的主觀看法,而have to則強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要?！揪毩?xí)】:-Must he go to school now?-Yes,he -No,he .【專題四】should及其否定式用法【例 1】：I should help her because she is in trouble.【解析】：should 表示應(yīng)該、勸告、建議和命令?！揪毩?xí)】:1. You go to class right away.2. I open the window?【專題四】need的用法【例1】：You neednt come so early.【解析】need 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用時(shí), 常用于疑問句、否定句。在肯

8、定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, should代替【練習(xí)】- Need I finish the work today?- Yes, you / No, you 【專題五】should的用法【例1】I should help her because she is in trouble.【解析】should表示應(yīng)該【練習(xí)】You take care of the baby.【例2】You should go to class right away.【解析】表示勸告、建議和命令。在疑問句中常用should?！揪毩?xí)】 I open the window？【專題六】will

9、和would的用法【例1】 I will do anything for you.【解析】表示詢問，請(qǐng)求,將要。【練習(xí)】1. you pass me the book?2.She go to the library.【例2】would you tell me the way to the school?【解析】表示過去的意愿或委婉提問自我檢測(cè)(一)用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞填空。1. Must I borrow the book with my ID card? No,you 2. I use your car? Yes, you 3. I go home now? No, you stay here

10、and wait for the teacher.4.My mother is ill.I stay at home and look after her.5.I send an email to my friend.6. You take more exercise.7. you tell me how to get to the Park?8. We help each other.9. you like to go fishing with me?10. we play foot ball this afternoon?(二)按要求改寫句子。1.I can run fast.(否定句)I

11、 fast.2.You must return the book now.(一般疑問句) I return the book now?No,you .3. He can play basketball well.(一般疑問句) He basketball well?4.They must take the books out of the room.(否定句)They the books out of the room.5.He will get up early.(否定句）He get up early.(三)選擇題。1. I told Sally how to get here, but

12、perhaps I _ for her.A. had to write it out B. must have written it outC. should have written it ou D. ought to write it out2. There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.It _ a comfortable journey.A. cant be B. shouldnt beC. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been3. I

13、ts nearly seven oclock. Jack _ be here at any moment.A. must B. need C. should D. can4. Johnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself.A. wont; cant B. mustnt; mayC. shouldnt; must D. cant; shouldnt5. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.A. had to B. would C.

14、 could D. was able to6. When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.They _ be ready by 12:00.A. can B. should C. might D. need7. I stayed at a hotel while in New York.Oh, did you? You _ with Barbara.A. could have stayed B. could stayC. would stay D. must have stayed8. Are you comi

15、ng to Jeffs party?Im not sure. I _ go to the concert instead.A. must B. would C. should D. might9. I was really anxious about you. You _ home without a word.A. mustnt leave B. shouldnt have leftC. couldnt have left D. neednt leave10. Is John coming by train?He should, but he _ not. He likes driving

16、his car.A. must B. can C. need D. may11. A left-luggage office is a place where bags _ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.A. should B. can C. must D. will12. I wonder how he _ that to the teacher.A. dare to say B. dare sayingC. not dare say D. dared say13. When he was there, h

17、e _ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.A. would B. should C. had better D. might14. It has been announced that candidates _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.A. can B. will C. may D. shall15. How _ you say that you really understand the whole story

18、 if you have covered only a part of the article?A. can B. must C. need D. may16. I hear youve got a set of valuable Australian coin. _ I have a look?Yes, certainly.A. Do B. May C. Shall D. Should答案解析(1) 、1.neednt/dont have to 2.Can can 3. May must 4.have to 5. will 6.should 7.can/could 8. must/shoul

19、d 9.Would 10.can(二)1.Cant run 2.Must neednt 3. Can play 4.cant take 5.wouldnt(三)1. C?！皁ught to / should have+過去分詞”表示后悔當(dāng)初該做但卻沒做某事?！耙苍S我本該把詳細(xì)地址寫給她的?！?. D?！癱ouldnt have+過去分詞”表示對(duì)過去情況的推測(cè)。既然小汽車上“已有五人”，且是“設(shè)法”才把你帶去的，如此擁擠，旅途當(dāng)然“不可能”舒服。3. C。nearly 暗示“時(shí)間不早了”，Jack“按理應(yīng)當(dāng)(should)隨時(shí)(at any moment)”都有可能到達(dá)這里。must 語氣過強(qiáng);can 一般不用于肯定推測(cè);need 意義不通，也不用于肯定句。4. B。mustnt(不