短文改錯之解題技巧

1、1短文改錯短文改錯特點(diǎn)1 材料貼近實(shí)際生活，話題有關(guān)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)生活，多以書信和日記的形式出現(xiàn)2、淺顯易懂，沒有生僻、超綱詞匯。3、句子結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，基本是簡單句和并不復(fù)雜的復(fù)合句。4、 改錯的重點(diǎn)是考查詞法，約占80% ;此外還有句法及行文邏輯方面的錯誤設(shè)置。5、 錯誤類型為：多詞、缺詞和錯詞（多為1:1:8）6、每句話最多兩處錯誤；兩處錯誤不會挨著同時出現(xiàn)。解題思路三歩”和四不改”1.改前通讀在著手進(jìn)行糾錯前，要通讀短文，了解短文大意，憑借語感找出那些明顯的錯誤。2改中細(xì)讀在糾錯時要仔細(xì)地讀懂每個句子。因?yàn)橹挥姓驹谕暾木渥拥慕嵌?，才能發(fā)現(xiàn)其中的錯誤。由于不少句子不是只占一行，所以只有讀完整個句子

2、，通過分析，才能發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤，糾正 錯誤。3改后復(fù)讀在細(xì)讀改錯時，有時會碰到一時找不準(zhǔn)錯在何處這種情況，這時可把這一改項(xiàng)暫時擱置起來，先往下改。等到改完了全文，再進(jìn)行復(fù)讀時，上下文的一致，前后信息的呼應(yīng)以及合 理的邏輯推理會讓人豁然開朗，于是難題迎刃而解。復(fù)讀有助于糾正失誤，減少差錯。四不改”1.單詞拼寫不改2.大小寫不改.3.詞序不改.4.標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號不改.規(guī)范答題1.缺詞，應(yīng)在文中缺詞處加一個漏字符號（A），將需添加的詞寫在漏字符號的下方2.多詞，應(yīng)將多的詞用斜線（）劃掉.3.錯詞，在錯詞下方劃一橫線，再將改正后的詞寫在橫線正下方短文改錯考查熱點(diǎn)Let s enjoy a limerick動詞形，

3、名詞數(shù)還要注意形和副 代詞格，細(xì)領(lǐng)悟 介詞短語要記住 冠詞連詞常光顧 各類從句多關(guān)注一、動詞形（2014 新課標(biāo) 11） My dream school starts at 8:30 pm.We didn nteed to do so much homework.（2014 遼寧） This morning she starts barking even before 5 o clock.（2014 新課標(biāo) 1） Since then, we had been allowing tomatoes to self seed where they please.（2013 浙江） Good nig

4、ht and remember, you, dear diary, is my only souvenir.（2013 陜西） Felt hungry, we built a fire by the lake動詞:1. 時態(tài) : 一般現(xiàn)在時與一般過去時之間的誤用 ; 現(xiàn)在完成時與過去完成時之間的誤用2語態(tài)：（助動詞 be 的添加或刪除）;23. 主謂語一致 ;4. 非謂語動詞 : 現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞之間的誤用（作狀語 或定語）; 動詞不定式符號to 的添加或刪除（感官和使役動詞 ）;動詞原形變成動名詞的形式（作主語）；and 連接的成分前后一致真題鏈接（2012 四川） Thank you f

5、or all you had done for me.（2014 成都）To keep healthy, we should have healthy diet, which in elude proper amounts of fish. （2013遼寧） Hard work have made him very ill.（2014 成都） In addition, pay lots attention to extra lessons will affect their school subjects.（2010 四川） An English lady was finally decide

6、d that she should learn to drive.二、 名詞數(shù)（ 2013 陜西） Within the next few minute, my grandfather also caught a fish. （2014 新課標(biāo) 1）.We didn t need to do so many homework.（2011 四川） Tom was having much troubles getting up in the morning.名詞：1 .可數(shù)名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)的錯誤（可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前無冠詞、數(shù)詞或人稱代詞修飾就錯誤，要么在其前加修飾詞，或改成復(fù)數(shù)）2. much 與 man

7、y 之間的誤用 ; little 與 few 之間的誤用真題鏈接 :The book will give you all the informations you need.（2013 甘肅聯(lián)考） In addition, I d like to make friend （2012 全國 11）Water is important . We , as wellas animal, cannot live without water 三、 還要注意形和副（2014 新課標(biāo) 1） We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost.（2014 新課標(biāo) 11

8、） The teachers here are kind and helpfully.2013 浙江） I am awfully tiring, but I know I will never fall asleep.（2012 全國 11） Yet it seems water is becoming little. Any countries in t he world find they don t haveenough water.（2014 陜西） My uncle immediate jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird.形和副 1

9、. adj.和 adv.之間的誤用：adj.修飾名詞（常位于n.前），修飾 be 動詞、系動詞（常 位于其后；adv. 修飾動詞（常位于其后） ， adj. 或修飾整個句子（常位于句首）2. -ing 和- ed 形容詞之間的誤用3.adj.和 adv.的比較級 或最高級注意：以 -ly 結(jié)尾的 adj：deadly, friendly, lonely, lovely, elderly以-ly 結(jié)尾的即可作 adj.又可作 adv 的詞：daily , early, likely, monthly, weekly, yearly真題鏈接 :（2014 四川） Don t panci or ge

10、t out of line, and try to remain quiet and calmly.（2012 全國 1） I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive.（2012 重慶） Gradually, I become interesting in biology.3（2012 浙江）Unfortunate, I had an accident and hit another car（2011 浙江） When she dropped me off, I pulled out t

11、he toy slow and gave it back.四、代詞格，細(xì)領(lǐng)悟（2014 陜西） My uncle immediately jumped up and shot the arrows on the bird. Neither of the arrows hit thetarget.（2014 遼寧） We appreciate our apologies and goodwill, but we hope that you can figure out a good way ofsettling the matter.（2013 陜西）We took ours fishing p

12、oles and head for代詞:1 .人稱代詞的主格與賓格之間的誤用2.代詞指代統(tǒng)一性方面的錯誤: 男性用了女性代詞或相反 ; 單數(shù)用了復(fù)數(shù)代詞或相反 ; 形容詞性物主代詞人稱或 單復(fù)數(shù)指代錯誤等 ; 該使用形容詞性物主代詞 卻用了名詞 性。3.不定代詞 : all 與 both 之間的誤用； neither 與 none 之間的誤用。真題鏈接 :（2014 成都七中）I ofte n go to a weeke nd school. So do many of my classmates .In additi on, paying lotsattention to extra les

13、sons will affect their school subjects. We may also find ourselves very tired .2012 全國 11） Many countries in the world find we dont have enough water.（2013 浙江聯(lián)考）A young man called low-carbon brother become a hit .For example, she always picksup some waste paper五、介詞短語要記?。?2010 四川） she was going to dr

14、ive him over to France a holiday. But then a week after the trip, shesuddenly announced that they wouldnt take the holiday.（ 2014 新課標(biāo) 1 ） Nearly five years ago, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted somecherry tomatoes.（2014 新課標(biāo) 11 ） We can lie on the grass or sat by the lake list

15、ening music.（2014 遼寧） but we hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter.介詞 : 1 .介詞的使用與省略 ;2.介詞與其他詞類之間的固定搭配真題鏈接 :（2014 成都 7 中） We should think carefully with this issue and make the best use of it. （2012 全國 1）Every one of us can make a great efforts to cut off the use of energy in our

16、 country. （2013 新課標(biāo) 1）Interestingly, it had a connection by the British pocelain industry.（2013 遼寧） Every day, he spends too much time with his work.六、冠詞連詞常光顧（2013 全國 1）In a fact, he even scared my gentlest men I have ever known.2014（陜西） .but I have lear nt a impressive less on about gravity.4（2013

17、浙江） Tomorrow is first day of school. Yesterday afternoon, I paid visit to Mr. Johnson冠詞: 1 .考查冠詞殘缺或多余 :2.不定冠詞 a 與 an 之間，the 與 a 之間的相互誤用。2013 新課標(biāo) 1）Only in this way can we have enough energy to study or live better. （2014 遼寧） We ranto escape but fortunately no one was injured .連詞：主要是 but, so, and, or

18、（否則，或者）之間的誤用。真題鏈接 :（2013 陜西） As soon as we arrived, so we dropped the lines into the water.（2013 浙江） His new job meant I had to say goodbye to my classmates, my school or just everything elseI love in the world.（2011 陜西） I called my parents , so I didnt tell them what had happened.七、各類從句多關(guān)注（2014 四川）

19、 If you notice that when some is missing and hurt, tell your teacher immediately. （2014 成都一診） But I had used it for several days while I found it didnt work.2014 成都二診）Good weekend school have excellent teachers which help us improve our studies 從句：1.引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的從屬連詞之間的誤用：如 what, which.who 2. 引導(dǎo)狀語從句的連接詞之間的誤用：如 when 與 while 之間， after 與 before 之間 的誤用3.引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞之間的誤用真題鏈接 :（2012 全國） I think , we should first go all out to plant trees though trees will help save water. （2013遼寧） This is which other teachers say.（2013 全國） Having tea in