簡單句五種基本句型_課件

1、英語簡單句五種基本句型A:詞類及基本用法練習(xí):翻譯下面的句子并判斷是哪種句型1太陽從東方升起來了。The sun has risen in the east.2. 她喜歡看書。She enjoys reading 3. 他的臉紅了。His face turned red.4我給他看莪商照片。I showed him my pictures.5他們把門漆成綠色。green. TFTey painted the door倒裝。掌握這五種基本句型, 構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)?；揪湫鸵?（主+謂）基本句型二:+ V +P（主+謂係+表）基本句型三:+ V +0（主+謂+賓）英語句子長短簡繁不一，表面上似乎難以捉摸，

2、 但可以從實(shí)質(zhì)上發(fā)現(xiàn)其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，找出其共同規(guī)律。 即可以歸納成五種基本句型及其擴(kuò)大、組合、省略或 是掌握各種英語句子結(jié)基本句型四：S +V +InO +D0（主+謂+間賓+直賓） 基本句型五：S +V +0 +OC （主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ)）各種詞類及其在句子中的作用1. Nouns (nJ 名詞:主語(S),賓涿O),表語(P)等2. Verbs (v.)動詞謂謐V)(vt.及物動詞/ vi不及物動詞)3 Pronouns (pron.)代詞：主語,賓語,表語等Kate has a piano.S V 0S V OShe likes Uvery much.4. Adjectives (adj.)形

3、容詞:定語(At.)表語(P)e.g. The overcoat is very beautiful. (P)This is a very beautiful overcoat.5 Adverbs (adv.)副詞:狀語(Ad.)6. Numerals (num.)數(shù)詞:定語,表語，主語等e.g. 25 (desks) is (be) enough.,7. Articles (art)冠詞:啟不單獨(dú)屬成句子成分& Prepositions (prep.) 介詞 (in, at, on,.)prep. +n.齊詞豆語“狀語(Ad),余語等e.g. We can see the bike

4、under the tree.so.)9. Conjunctions (conj.)連詞(and o% but一般不構(gòu)成成分,僅起連接作用10. Interjections (inter.)感嘆詞(ah、oh, yeah )一般不構(gòu)成成分,起加強(qiáng)語氣作用英語簡單句五種基本句型B:五種句型FA基本句型一=j=S (subject) +V(verb)(主+謂)MW.特點(diǎn):句子的謂語動詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思。 這類動詞叫做不及物動詞，后面可以 跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等。e.g. His words works.SV基本句型S +V +P (主+系+表)特點(diǎn)：句子謂語動詞都不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思，

5、必須加上一個(gè)表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語構(gòu) 成復(fù)合謂語，才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動詞叫做（連）系動詞。 系動詞可分四類：1）be本身沒有什么意義，只起連系主語和表語的作用，后可接動詞外的任何詞；+adj-2）感官動詞類 look，feel，smell, taste，sound等+adj.3)4)表示變化：get grow become，turn, go等表示狀態(tài)延續(xù)：stay，keep，prove，remain，stand等+adje以及prove等。SV (link-V-) Pl.Thisis2>Everything looksan English dictionary, differen

6、t.3-天氣更涼爽了。The weather becomes cooler.基本句型三S +V +0 （主+謂+賓）特點(diǎn)：謂語動詞都是實(shí)義動詞，但不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須跟賓語，即動作的承受者，才能後意思完整。這類動詞叫做及物動詞。e.g. We like the movie.S V oSV (Vt)1 她經(jīng)常幫她媽媽。She often helps 2.我想要一杯茶。Iwanther mother.a cup of tea<瞪艇j爲(wèi)m基本句型四S +V +InO +D0 （主+謂+間賓+直賓）特點(diǎn)：謂語動詞必須跟有兩個(gè)賓語才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這兩個(gè)賓語一個(gè)是動作的直 接承受者，另一個(gè)是

7、動作的間接承受者。通常可改為S +V+DO+prep.+InOeg She gave me an apple=She gave an apple to me.S V (Vt) InO l.Shepassedhim2.John告訴我他的想法。DOa new dress.his idea.Johntoldme基本句型五S +V +0 +OC （主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ)） 特點(diǎn)：動詞雖然是及物動詞，但是只跟一個(gè)賓 語還不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須加上一 個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分來補(bǔ)足賓語，才能使意思完整。判斷原則：能表達(dá)成一賓語 是/做e.g. We made him the manaqer.S V O ocV (Vt) k

8、eep sawOthe tablethemSl.We2.13.他讓我馬上回來。OCcleaiiegetting on the bus.to come back soon.He asked me1 Plants need water.S+V+O （主 4謂 4賓）2.The flower is so fresh.SW+P （主爭系會表） 3.They work hard. 1=1S+V （主+謂）4.He gives me some seeds.S+V+lnO + DO （主爭謂爭直賓爭間賓） 5.We should keep the plants in the shade.S+V +0 +0C

9、（主 h謂 h賓 + 賓補(bǔ)）一國 6.Many animals live in trees.八S*V（主羊謂）基本句型的擴(kuò)展：e.g. We found the hall full. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)禮堂坐滿了。 We found the great hall fullof students and teachers.We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)大禮堂坐滿了學(xué)生和教師，在聽一個(gè)重要報(bào) 口。We found the great hall full o

10、f students and teachers listening to an important report made by a comrade from the People's Daily on current affairs in East Europe.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)大禮堂坐滿了學(xué)生和教師，在聽人 報(bào)的一位同志作有關(guān)東歐局勢的重要報(bào)告。同一個(gè)動詞使用的句型也不盡一樣，因此在學(xué)習(xí)動詞時(shí), 應(yīng)掌握動詞的類型。以get為例：He's getting angry.(S V P)You'll get a surprise. (S V O)He got his shoes a

11、nd socks wet. (S V O C)在句子中詞類和詞的位置也影響句子的句型和意思：I found the book easily.我很容易地找到了這本書。(SVO)I found the book easy.我覺得這本書很容易。(SVOC)按結(jié)構(gòu)英語句子主要可以分成三種:商車句，并列句，及合句e.g. 1) The teacher name is Smith. 簡單句2) The teachers name is Smith and thestudents name is John. 并列句3) He is Smith who likes going hiking.復(fù)合句 4) He

12、 is Smith and he likes going hiking.并列句5) Hurry up, or you 11 be late.并列句6) I saw him when I walked past the street.復(fù)合句7) He often gets up early because he wantsto catch the early bus.復(fù)合句 .I doif t want to set down a series of factsin a diary(as most people do but I wantthis diary to be my friend, a

13、nd I shall call OOCS vmy fiend IGtty.并列復(fù)合句Analyze the sentences:I can well rememberlthat there was a SvOc S Vtime when n deeu blue skv, the son of the P Ac卩力叫°birds，moonlight and flowers could nevershave kept me spellbound)v o ocIf s no pleasure looking through these anySV Pslonger because nature is one thing AdC（狀從）SVPthat really must be experienced. At. C（定從）At first the English(spoken in EnglandSbetween about AD 450 and 1150)was veryAt.(定語)Vdifferent from the English(spoken today)PAt(