形容詞的比較級和最高級講解

1、形容詞的比較級和最高級英語中大多數形容詞是可以分級的，一般有三個等級：原級，比較級和最高級。原級形容詞的本來形式就是形容詞的原級。用原級進行比較時可以使用下面兩種結構：1. 表示比較的雙方相等，用 ” as斜構，表示 前者像后者一樣"，即A + be + as + 形容詞原級 + as + B.e.g. John is as tall as his brother.2. 表示比較的雙方不相等，用 " not as給s勾,表示 前者不如后者”，即A + be + not as + 形容詞原級+ as + B.e.g. John is not as tall as his br

2、other.比較級當把一個人或物同另外一個人或物比較時，就需要用到形容詞比較級。其結構是：A + be + 形容詞比較級+ than + B.e.g. Jackei is taller than Alex, but Alex is heavier than Jackei最高級三者或者三者以上的人或物進行比較時，需要使用形容詞的最高級。其結構是：A + be + the 形容詞最高級 + of / in + 比較范圍 .（Note: 形容詞最高級前面要加定冠詞 the）e.g. Jackei is the tallest in our class. orJackei is the tallest

3、 of all the students.比較級的幾種用法：1，表示倍數，A+be+ 數詞 +times+ 形容詞比較級+than+BOur room is twice larger than theirs.我們的房間是他們的兩倍大注：兩倍為twice 而不是 two times.2，表示大多少，多多少，高多少等A+be+ 數量詞 +比較級 +than+BShe is two years older than me她比我大兩歲3，用比較級表示最高級A+be+比較級+than+any other+單數名詞，或者， A+be+比較級+than+the other+復數名詞He is taller

4、than any other student in the class.他比班上其他的同學都高。4，兩個中比較A+the+ 比較級 +of the twoHe is the cleverer of the two他是這兩個中比較聰明的5,越來越More and more注：這里的more代表比較級，而不是說一定是more,如，說，越來越聰明就該說,cleverer and cleverer.般和動詞 get,become (變得)連用He is getting more and more handsomeIt is becoming cheaper and cheaper5,越就越The mo

5、re the more注：此處的 more和上面一樣，代表比較幾The richer you are, the happier you will be6, more than 多余，超過，相當于 over ， less than 少于，不足。He is more than(over) 80 years oldI have less than five yuan.7, 修飾比較級的程度可用 a lot, many, far,a bit,much, 等，但不能用 very quite 等I feel much better now我現(xiàn)在感覺好多了。形容詞不同級別的變化1.規(guī)則形容詞的變化D構成方式

6、原級比較級最高級1一般情況，直接加詞尾er或者-esttallyoungtalleryoungertallestyoungest2以e結尾的，力口 - r或-stnicelargenicerlargernicestlargest3以妙音字母+y結尾的，把y 一i, 冉力口 - er 或-esthappybusyhappierbusierhappiestbusiest4以重讀閉音節(jié)（輔元輔結構）結尾 的，雙寫結尾的軸音字母，再加-er 或-est .bighotthinbiggerhotterthinnerbiggesthottestthinnest5雙音節(jié)或多音節(jié)的形容記I可以在形容詞原級前直

7、接加more /ess 或 most / least構成形容間的比較級和最高級usefulcarefuldifficultexpensivemore usefulmore carefulmore difficultless expensivemost usefulmost carefulmost difficultleastexpensive2. 不規(guī)則形容詞的變化D原級比較級最高級1goodbetterbest2wellbetterbest3badworseworst4manymoremost5muchmoremost6ittlelessleast7farfarther , further

8、farthest ,furthest8ewfewerfewest9oldolder , elderoldest , eldest補充用于個可數名詞用于口數名詞表示多muchmanymoremorethe mostthe most表示少littlefewlessfewerthe leastthe fewest須注意的：一、從結構上看，比較級前面不能用very,so,too, quite等作修飾詞，但為了表示比較級的程度，可以用 much,a lot,a little,a bit,even,still 等作修飾詞。例如：This box is much heavier than that one.

9、這只箱子比那只箱子重得多。另外，比較級后面往往用連詞than連接另一個比較的人或事物，但在上下文明確的情況下，形容詞比較級可單獨使用。例如：This ruler is very long,but that one is longer.這把尺子很長，那把尺子更長。形容詞最高級前通常要加the。但是，當形容詞最高級前有序數詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格等限定詞修飾時，最高級前不加the。如：The Chang jiang River is the longest river in China. 長江是中國第一大河。He is our best teacher.他是我們最好的老師。最高級后面往往

10、用of或in介詞短語來表示形容詞的最高級的比較范圍。of短語所指的范圍通常是一群人或一些事物，而不是一個場所；如果指一個場所，則用介詞in。例如：He is the strongest of the three.他是三個人中身體最強壯的。He is the strongest in our class.他是我們班里身體最強壯的。二、從范圍上看，如果在同一范圍內，形容詞的比較級必須把自己排除掉，即自己不能與自己相比，而最高級必須包含自己。例如：1 .他比他班的任何一個學生都高。誤： He is taller than any student in his class.（he 包括在 any st

11、udent 里面）正： He is taller than any other student in his class.（any other student 里面已排除了 he）2 .這塊手表是所有手表中最好的。誤：This watch is the best of all the other watches.（all the other watches 不包含前面的 this watch）正:This watch is the best of all the watches.（all the watches 包含前面的 this watch）注意：如果不在同一范圍內，比較級就不必把前面的主

12、語排除掉。例如：Shanghai is larger than any city in Australia.上海比澳大利亞任何城市都大。（上海不屬于澳大利亞，所以city前不必加other）試比較：Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.上海比中國任何一座城市都大形容詞的比較級專項一、變化規(guī)則；1、規(guī)則變化：（1）單音節(jié)詞和少數雙音節(jié)詞一般在詞尾加er或est: bright;以不發(fā)音的e字母結尾的加r,或st： large;以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為I力口 er或est:easy ; 以一個輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞雙寫最后一個輔音字母

13、再加er或est: big以er, ow結尾的雙音節(jié)詞加 er或est:clever slow（2）多音節(jié)詞前加 more或most,副詞最高級前省略the.（3）部分形容詞本身表示最高級，因此他們沒有比較級和最高級形式：favourite round2、 不規(guī)則變化：good, well; bad, badly, ill; much, many; little; far; old;注：只有少數形容詞和副詞有兩種比較級和最高級形式：clever old far二、形容詞各等級的用法：1、 原級（同級）比較： as as ；not as（so） as We ll give you as much

14、 help as we can.She isn ' t as(so)active in sports as before.2.比較級：表示兩者之間比 更可用狀語 much, a little, even 等修飾：He madefewer mistakes than I did.He is even richer than I.3、高級：形容詞最高級前必須加the,副詞最高級前常省略the,后面多用of，in '短語表示范圍：It was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened.He is the tallest

15、 of the three.4、 如果在兩者之間表示 最”時要在比較級前加 the,而且還用of the two, of the pair短語：John is the clever of the two boys.Of the two boys, John is the clever.三、重點與難點：1、 asas結構：你和湯姆是一樣好的孩子。You' re a boy as good as Tom.=You ' re as good a boy as Tom.2、 (1)tooto與sothat sb.can 句型轉換：前者為簡單句，主語只有一個，而后者 為復合句，主語有兩個

16、，試比較：The man was too angry to be able to speak.The man was so angry that he wasn ' t able to speak.The milk was too hot to drink.The milk was so hot that we can ' t drink it.(2) too to 與 not enough to 句型的轉換：He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married.The book is too d

17、ifficult for me to read.=The book is not easy enough for me to read.3、形容詞原級表示比較級含義：約翰不象邁克那么苯。John is not so stupid as Mike.John is less stupid than Mike.John is cleverer than Mike.4、用比較級表示最高級：約翰是班里最高的男生。John is taller than any other boy in the class.John is the tallest boy in the class.John is talle

18、r than :any other boy.any of the other boy.all the other boy.any of the others.any one else.5、 the more . the more 表示 越越”:The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is.The more food you eat, the fatter you are.6、 more and more .表示 越來越”:More and more students realized the importance of a forei

19、gn language.Our country is getting stronger and stronger.四、鞏固練習：（一）寫出下列形容詞與副詞的比較級與最高級形式:long wide fatheavy slow fewbrightly-bably farquickly happy-unhappy(二)用所給詞的正確形式填空：1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the(clever).2. Gold(黃金)is(little) useful than iron( 鐵).3. My sister is two years(old ) than I.4. J

20、ohn ' s parents have four daughters, and she is the(young) child.5. The(cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones.6. The short one is by far expensive of the five.7. The boy is not so(interesting) as his brother.8. Dick sings(well), she sings(well) than John, but Mary sings(well) in her clas

21、s.9. She will be much(happy) in her mew house.10. This dress is that.(twice, asas ，expensive)(三)選擇填空：1. He feels today than yesterday.A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired2. Which do you like, coffee, tea or milk?A. the worst B. worse C. the worse D. worst3. Of the two toys, the child

22、 chose.A. the expensive one B. one most expensiveC. a least expensive D. the most expensive of them4. The line is than that one.A. more longer B. not longer C. much more longer D. many more longer5. The earth is the moon. A. as 49 times big asB. 49 times as bigger as C. 49 times as big asD.as big as

23、 49 times6. The book is of the two.A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D. the thinnest7. She looks than she does.A. the more older B. very older C. much older D. more older8. The garden is becoming.A. more beautiful and more B. more beautiful and beautifulC. more and more beautiful D. more beautiful and beautifuler9. Th