新牛津譯林版8Bunit知識點A

1、8Bunit 4 A good read <A>短語歸納1 do with 處理2. give sth. to sb. 給某人某物3. be interested in 對.感興趣4 . in one's spare time在某人空閑時間5 be tired out筋疲力盡6by the time 到的時候7. fall down 倒下8.wake up醒來9. stand up 站起來，起立10. look down向下看11.all over 遍及12. shout at sb朝某人喊13. talk to sb. 和某人交談14. run away逃跑15. han

2、d in 上交16 so far到目前為止17. fall over 摔倒18 at first起初19. ask for 請求（給予）20. by the way順便問一下21.on time 準(zhǔn)時22 in the future 將來23 . at a time 每次24. low long多長時間，多久25 . for example 例如26.look for尋找27 . the same as 和一樣28 an army of 一大群29. and so on 等等30. less than不到，少于31. more than 超過，多于32open up開啟，開創(chuàng)33 . publ

3、ishing house出版社34. translate. . . Into. 把譯成35 . be tied to the ground被捆綁到地上36 share with. . . 與分享37 . get away 離開38. different types of不同類型的二重要句型1 Have you decided what to do with these books,Hobo?(1) what to do with these books 是“疑問詞 + 不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。做主語 )不定式可以和疑問代詞 who , what , which 及疑問副詞 when,how,where

4、連用，構(gòu)成不 定式短語，在句子中，擔(dān)當(dāng)主語，賓語，表語等成分。作賓語)作賓語補足語)作表語)What to do is a big problem.(I know how to pronounce the word.Can you tell me how to get to the post office?The question is where to buy the dictionary.do with :在問句中多和 what連用，常譯作“處理，安排，容忍，與相處”等。 如：What shall I do with it? 我該怎樣處置它呢？拓展) deal with 在問句中多和 ho

5、w 連用，其基本意思有“應(yīng)付，處理，論述，涉及” 等。以其人之道，還治其人之身。如: Deal with a man as he deals with you.2.I didn 't know you liked books! 我原來不知道你喜歡書！這是一個含有賓語從句 (you liked books) 的主從復(fù)合句。賓語從句，就是用一個句子來 充當(dāng)賓語，放在謂語動詞的后面。賓語從句要注意以下幾個問題:(1)引導(dǎo)詞: 當(dāng)賓語從句是陳述句時，用that弓I導(dǎo)，that?？墒÷?。eg: I know that the boy isfrom Japan. 當(dāng)賓語從句是一般疑問句時，用if或

6、whether弓I導(dǎo)。eg: I want to know if he will come back tomorrow. 當(dāng)賓語從句是特殊疑問句時，用疑問詞引導(dǎo)eg:He did n't know whe n his mother was born.(2) 語序:賓語從句一定要用陳述句的語序。你能告訴我他昨晚待在哪里嗎？(,/)Can you tell me where he stayed last night?(X)Can you tell me where did he stay last night?(3) 時態(tài)：當(dāng)主句是現(xiàn)在時時，從句用所需的任何時態(tài)；當(dāng)主句是過去時時，從句用過

7、去時態(tài)的某種形式。Eg: He said he was playing games at that time.當(dāng)賓語從句是客觀真理或客觀事實時，用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。Eg:Our teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.3. I have to use them to reach the box on the fridge.reach 此處用作及物動詞，意為“接觸，拿到”?！就卣埂縭each作及物動詞，還意為“到達(dá)，抵達(dá)”，后面跟表示地點的名詞。Eg:They reached London last ni ght.4. The Hunchb

8、ack of Notre Dameby the French writer Victor Hugo is great.法國作家維克多，雨果的巴黎圣母院很棒。French此處用作形容詞，意為“法國的，法國人的”。 Eg:Do you like French bread?【拓展】 French作不可數(shù)名詞，意為“法語”。My uncle can speak French. Fren chman 可數(shù)名詞，意為“法國人，法國男人”，復(fù)數(shù)形式為Fren chme n;Fren chwor nan“法國女人”，復(fù)數(shù)形式為Fren chwome n 。 France名詞，意為“法國”。5. The sto

9、ry of the ugly man Quasimodo really touched me.丑男人卡西莫多的故事確實觸動了我。touched 是動詞touch的過去式。此處用作及物動詞，意為“觸動，感動”，在語氣上比move 要弱一些.Eg:The brave mother touched every one.6. After our ship crashed against the rocks,I swam as far as I could.當(dāng)我們的船撞到礁石損壞之后，我奮力前游。(l)crash(crashed ，crashed)用作不及物動詞，意為“碰撞，倒下，墜落，(飛機)墜毀”。

10、The pla ne crashed in the mou nta ins.那架飛機在山中墜毀了。(2)against 介詞，意為“緊靠，碰，撞”。The rain beat against the windows. 雨點打在窗戶上。My bike hit against a tree 我的自行車撞到了一棵樹上。be against 反對；違背 It is quite against the school rules. 這完全違反校規(guī)。(3) as. as one can/could 表示 "盡某人所能"，相當(dāng)于asas possible.Please come as ea

11、rly as you can. =Please come as early as possible7. By the time I finally felt the land under my feet,I was tired out.等到我終于感覺到腳下的陸地時，我已筋拔力盡。(1) by the time 意為"到時為止"，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。By the time I came in,Tom had written his name on the blackboard.( 2) be tired out 意為“筋疲力盡”。I was tired out when we

12、got back from the long climb.【拓展】be tired of意為“對感到厭煩，厭倦”。Kitty was tired of eggs 基蒂厭倦了吃雞蛋。8.I woke up as the sun was rising當(dāng)太陽升起時我醒了過來( 1 ) wake up ”醒來”，在此用作不及物動詞短語，此時后面不加賓語；還可用作及物動詞短語，后可跟賓語，意為“把叫醒”，若賓語為代詞，則要放在wake和up中間。Eg:I usually wake up at six in the morning.Mum,will you please wake me up earlie

13、r tomorrow morning?(2) as連詞，意為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r候”，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。As time goes on ， he knows his students. 隨著時間的推移，他了解了他的學(xué)生。( 3) rise(rose ， nsen ， rising) 不及物動詞，意為“升起，上升”。Eg:The water in the river rose after the heavy rain.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.raise 及物動詞 意為“提高，籌集，抬起，舉起”Eg:The teacher asks us

14、to raise our hands if we have questions.The workers want the boss to raise their wages.We should try our best to raise more money for the poor family.9.My arms,legs and hair were tied to the ground!句中的 tie(tied ， tied ， tying) 用作及物動詞，意為“捆，綁，系”。tie to意為"把系/拴到上”。be tied to是它的被動語態(tài)，意為"被捆/拴到上”。

15、Please tie the tree to the stick to keep it straight.請把樹綁到木棍上，使樹直立。The dog was tied to the tree 狗被拴到了樹上?！就卣埂?tie 還可用作可數(shù)名詞，意為“領(lǐng)帶，帶子”。He is wearing a blue tie. 他打著一條藍(lán)領(lǐng)帶。10.It moved up over my stomach and neck until it was standing near my face. 它向上爬過我的腹部和脖子，直到站在我的臉附近。until用作連詞，意為“直到為止，其主要用法有：(1) 與延續(xù)性動

16、詞連用時，表示“直到”，動詞用肯定形式，指主句的動作一直持續(xù)到until 后的動作發(fā)生為止。We walked until it got dark. 我們一直走到天黑。Go straight on until you come to the white building.繼續(xù)走，直到你來到那座白色的樓前。(2) not until 意為“直到才”The little girl didn ' t stop crying until she saw her mother.那小女孩直到看到她媽媽才不哭了?！就卣埂縰ntil也可作介詞，意為“直到為止”。We talked until 10 0

17、'clock. 我們一直談到 10 點鐘。11. He was the same size as my little finger!他不過就我小手指那么點大！the same size as 意為 “禾口一樣尺寸，與一樣大小”。我媽媽的鞋和我的鞋號碼相同。My mother ' s shoes are the same size as mine【拓展】the same as 意為"和一樣”。My uniform is the same as Simon ' s.我的校服與西蒙的(校服)相同。the same as，一意為“禾廿一樣“翻譯：我的外套和你的顏色相同

18、。 12. There were around 40 0f them.有大約 40 個。around 既可作介詞，又可作副詞。具體用法(1) 介詞，意為“大約”，相當(dāng)于about 。o ' clock.(2) 介詞，意為“遍及，在四周”。(3) 副詞，意為“在周圍，到處，四周”。My uncle and aunt arrived at around 10There are many trees around the house.I looked around, but saw nothing.13.I shouted at themthe loud noise made them al

19、l fall over.(1) shout at 意為“沖大喊大叫” eg: Don ' t shout at others. It is impolite.(2) 辨析： noise ， voice 與 sound(3) make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”,省略 to 的動詞不定式在 make 后作賓語補足語?！就卣埂砍÷?to 的動詞不定式外，形容詞、名詞等也可在 make 后作賓語補足語。Light music makes me happy.(2013 .重慶)He lost his key.It made himin the cold to wait for h

20、is wife' sreturn.A.to stay B stayed CstaysD Stay(4) fall over 意為“摔倒”。 He fell over when he was skating. 他溜冰的時候摔倒了?！就卣埂?fall off 意為“(從上)捧下” The boy fell off the tree yesterday. fall dow n意為“摔倒；落下；倒塌”。 fall behind 意為“落后”。如果你學(xué)習(xí)不努力，你會落在同學(xué)后面 .14. However,they soon got up again and continued moving ac

21、ross my body. 然而，他們很快又爬了起來，繼續(xù)在我的身體上走動。Continue 此處用作及物動詞，意為“繼續(xù)”。 continue doing sth. 表示“繼續(xù)做某 事” ,contmue 后也可跟動詞不定式， continue to do sth. 也表示“繼續(xù)做某事”。15. One of these small men began talking to me”one of+ 復(fù)數(shù)名詞代詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Eg：One of my hobbies is playing basketball.【拓展】one of 后的名詞前經(jīng)常用形容詞最高級修飾，即"

22、;one of+the十形容詞最高級+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，意為“最的之一”。翻譯：天津是中國最大的城市之一。 16. I tried to pull one hand free and finally managed to break the ropes. 我盡力掙脫一只手，最后設(shè)法弄斷了繩索。（1 ）try to do sth.意為“盡力做某事，努力做某事”。try doing sth. 意為“嘗試著做某事“。（2） manage to do sth.意為“設(shè)法做成某事”。The box was very heavy but he managed to carry it，這個箱子很重，但是他設(shè)法搬動

23、了。17. When I lifted my left hand into the air當(dāng)我把我的左手舉到空中時.句中的 lift 用作及物動詞，意為“舉起，抬高；提高”。Can you help me lift the bike onto the truck?你能幫我把自行車抬到卡車上去嗎？【拓展】 lift 作可數(shù)名詞，意為“電梯”。We 'll take a lift to go up and down. 我們將乘電梯上下樓。18. Keep doing something一直做某事keep doing sth. 意為“不斷地做某事，一直做某事”。The boy kept crying. 那個男孩不停地哭?！就卣埂?keep on doing sth.意為“反復(fù)做某事”。 Prices keep on increasing 物價不停地上漲。 keep sb. from doing sth.意為“阻止某人做某事”，其中介詞 from