分詞作定語-講解

1、分詞作定語分詞作定語時(shí)有下面幾個(gè)特點(diǎn)：1)現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)意義，過去分詞一般表示被動(dòng)含意。2)現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行，過去分詞表示狀態(tài)或做完(完成)的事。He rushed into the burning house他沖進(jìn)了正在燃燒著的房子。The child standing over there is my brother站在那兒的男孩子是我弟弟。The room facing south is our classroom朝南的房間是我們的教室。Have you got your watch repaired? 你拿到那個(gè)修好的表了嗎?分詞作定語時(shí)的時(shí)間關(guān)系一般來說，不定式所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生

2、在謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之后；現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作及謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；過去分詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前。例如：Do you want to see the doctor to be sent for from Beijing?你要見那位將從北京請來的醫(yī)生嗎？Do you want to see the doctor working on the case report in the office?你要見那位正在辦公室里寫病歷的醫(yī)生嗎？共同點(diǎn)：單個(gè)分詞做定語放在所修飾名詞前(a swimming pool)；分詞短語（就是不僅僅由一個(gè)分詞構(gòu)成的用來修飾名詞的短語the

3、book written by Luxun）做后置定語，即放名詞后。用過去分詞還是現(xiàn)在分詞做定語的判斷關(guān)鍵：名詞及該動(dòng)作的關(guān)系1. 現(xiàn)在分詞(Ving)做定語：從功能上看，現(xiàn)在分詞做定語表示 1）主動(dòng)（及物）；2）進(jìn)行（不及物）。做定語：相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句 (主動(dòng)) Do you know the boy standing at the door? à Do you know the boy who is standing at the door? A developing country needs aids. àA country that/which is devel

4、oping needs aids.They lived in a house facing the south àThey lived in a house that faced the south.The man wearing a red tie is our head. àThe man who wears a red tie(戴紅領(lǐng)帶) is our head.The workers working in the factory are well-paid. àThe workers who are working in the factory are w

5、ell-paid. 在這家工廠工作的工人報(bào)酬很好2過去分詞(p.p)做定語從功能上看，過去分詞做定語表示1）被動(dòng)（及物）；2）完成（不及物）。做定語：相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句（被動(dòng)），有時(shí)侯也表示完成的The broken window was repaired this morning.The window broken yesterday was.àThe window that/which was broken yesterday was.昨天被打破的玻璃今早被修好了The sold hamburgers are not to my taste.The hamburgers sold

6、 in this chain are not to.這家連鎖店賣的漢堡不適合我的口味The hamburgers that/which are sold in this chain are not to. The arrived guests will be led in.（此過去分詞表示完成）The guests arrived just now will.剛到的客人將會(huì)被帶進(jìn)來The guests who arrived just now will be.The book that was written by Wang sells well. àThe book written

7、 by Wang sells well.The tie that is worn by our head is made in Shanghai. àThe tie worn by our head is made in SHThe shoes (that were) made in a small factory are of bad quality.小廠產(chǎn)的鞋子質(zhì)量差反之，一個(gè)定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化為分詞做定語的結(jié)構(gòu)The man I introduced to you yesterday had just returned from Japan.The man introduced to you by me yesterday had just昨天我給你介紹的那人剛從日本回來He is a man who is loved by all. à He is a man loved by all. 他是個(gè)大家所熱愛的人The leaves that have fallen are collected by the cleaners. àThe fallen