中考英語作文記敘文寫作技巧

1、中考英語作文記敘文寫作妙技一、記敘文的特點(diǎn)1. 敘述的人稱英語的記敘文一般是以第一或第三人稱的角度來敘述的。用第一稱表示的是由敘述者親眼所見、親耳所聞的經(jīng)歷。它的優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于能把故事的情節(jié)通過 我 來傳達(dá)給讀者，使人讀后感到真實(shí)可信，如身臨 其境。如：The other day, I was driving along the street. Suddenly,a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast. I wasso frightened that I quickly turned to the left side. But

2、it was too late. The car hit my bike and I fell off it.用第三人稱敘述，優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于敘述者不受 我 活動(dòng)范圍以內(nèi)的人和事物的限制，而是通過作者與讀者之外的第三者，直接把故事中的情 節(jié)展現(xiàn)在讀者面前，文章的客觀性很強(qiáng)。如：Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it wasraining hard. On the way, he saw an old woman walking in therain with nothing to cover. Tom went up to the

3、 old woman andwanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short. What could he do? Then he had a good idea.2. 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)第 1 頁在記敘文中，記和敘都離不開動(dòng)詞。所以動(dòng)詞出現(xiàn)率最高，且富于變化。記敘文中用得最多的是動(dòng)詞的過去的，這是英語記敘文區(qū)別于漢語記敘文的關(guān)鍵之處。英語寫作的優(yōu)美之處就在于這些動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的變化，正是這一點(diǎn)才使得所記、所敘有鮮活的動(dòng)態(tài)感、鮮明的層次 感和立體感。3. 敘述的順序記敘一件事要有一定的順序。無論是順敘、倒敘、插敘還是補(bǔ)敘，都要讓讀者能弄清

4、事情的來龍去脈。順敘最容易操作，較容易給讀者提供有關(guān)事情的空間和時(shí)間線索。但這種方法也容易使文章顯得平鋪直敘，讀起來平淡乏味。倒敘、插敘、補(bǔ)敘等敘述方法能有效地提高文章的結(jié)構(gòu)效果，讓所敘之事跌宕起伏，使讀者在時(shí)思維產(chǎn)生較大的跳躍，從而為文章所吸引，深入其中。但這些方法如果使用不當(dāng)，則容易弄巧成拙，使文章結(jié)構(gòu)散亂，頭緒不清，讓讀者不知所云。4. 敘述的過渡過渡在上下文中起著承上啟下、融會(huì)貫通的作用。過渡往往用在地點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移或時(shí)間、事件轉(zhuǎn)換以及由概括說明到具體敘述時(shí)。如：In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things. Apart formdoing my h

5、omework, reading an English novel, watching TV anddoing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao. It is really第 2 頁a beautiful city. There are many places of interest to see. But what impressed me most was the sunrise.The next morning I got up early. I was very happy becauseit was a fine day. By

6、the time I got to the beach, the cloudson the horizon were turning red. In a little while, a smallpart of the sun was gradually appearing. The sun was very red,not shining. It rose slowly. At last it broke through the redclouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball.At the same time the

7、 clouds and the sea water became red and bright.What a moving and unforgettable scene!5. 敘述與對話引用故事情節(jié)中主要人物的對話是記敘文提高表現(xiàn)力的一種好方法。適當(dāng)?shù)赜弥苯右Z代替間接的主觀敘述，可以客觀生動(dòng)地反映人物的性格、品質(zhì)和心理狀態(tài)，使記敘生動(dòng)、有趣，使文章內(nèi)容更加 充實(shí)、具體。試比較下面兩段的敘述效果：I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something. SuddenlyI heard a loud noise from the front. I t

8、hought maybe someonewas knocking the door. I asked who it was but I heard no reply.第 3 頁After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor. I realized it was the cat. I felt released.這本來應(yīng)是一段故事性很強(qiáng)的文字，但經(jīng)作者這么一寫，就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是敘述模式，沒有人物語言，把 懸 念 給沖淡了?？勺魅缦抡{(diào)整：I was in the kitchen cooking something. Cr

9、ash! a loud noisecame from the front. Thinking someone was knocking at the door,I asked, Who? No reply. After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor. It's you. I said, quite released.二、寫好記敘文的基本要領(lǐng)1. 頭緒分明，脈絡(luò)清楚寫好記敘文，首先要頭緒分明，脈絡(luò)清楚，明確文章要求寫什么。要對所寫的事件或人物進(jìn)行分析，弄清事件發(fā)生、發(fā)展一直到結(jié)束的整個(gè)過程，然后再收集選取素材。這些素材都應(yīng)

10、該跟上述五個(gè) W 和一個(gè) H 有關(guān)。盡管不是每篇記敘文里都必須包括這些 W 和 H ，但 動(dòng)筆之前，圍繞五個(gè) W 和 H 進(jìn)行構(gòu)思是必不可少的。2. 突出中心，詳略得當(dāng)在文章的框架確定后，對支持故事的素材的選取是很關(guān)鍵的。選材要注意取舍，應(yīng)該從表現(xiàn)文章主題的需要出發(fā)，分清主次，定好詳略。要突出重點(diǎn)，詳寫細(xì)述那些能表現(xiàn)文章主題的重要情節(jié)，略寫粗第 4 頁述那么非關(guān)鍵的次要情節(jié)。面面俱到反而使情節(jié)羅列化，使人不得要領(lǐng)。這一點(diǎn)是寫好記敘文要解決的一個(gè)基本問題，也需要一定的技巧。 如：One night a man came to our house and told me, There is afa

11、mily with eight children. They have not eaten for days. I took some food with me and went.When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of thoselittle children disfigured ( 破壞外貌 ) by hunger. There was nosorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger.What are the factors that ca

12、use stress and how to cope with stress?解析:壓力產(chǎn)生的原因：休息的時(shí)間不夠充足 (inadequate leisure time)，高壓力和快節(jié)奏的生活方式 (live a high-pressured, fast-pacedlifestyle); 時(shí)間和金錢管理不當(dāng) (poor time and moneymanagement) ，不能 夠同時(shí)兼顧家庭和工作 (juggle work and familycommitments) ; 對些東西的專注性過高 (addictions) ，比如賭 博(gambling) 和股票(stocks);第 5 頁環(huán)境

13、的因素(the environmental factors) 、工作(careerconcerns) 、社會(huì)關(guān)系(social relationships) 和家庭問題 (family problems) 等; 想法或者對一些事情的態(tài)度(比如經(jīng)濟(jì)困難、學(xué)業(yè)困難、慢性病，甚至是小的事情 )(thoughts / attitudes toward financialdifficulties, academic difficulties, chronic illnesses, minormatters), 性格 (personality), 可能有不切實(shí)際的期待(unrealistic expect

14、ations), 對事情的處理方法(interpretevents and situations) 等解決方法： 養(yǎng)成好的習(xí)慣，比如合理的飲食有助于改善自身健康 (propereating contributes to feelings of well-being) 、定期運(yùn)動(dòng)(exercise regularly); 平衡好自己的責(zé)任和確立首要的事情 (balance obligations and set priorities); 習(xí)慣自己每天的生活，忽略一些問題的潛在影響 (becomeaccustomed to your daily activities and overlook th

15、eircumulative effect) ，養(yǎng)成良好的心態(tài)(nurture a good state ofmind)，爭取減少 憂慮(block out worries); 要有決斷力(beassertive), 將生活中的突變看作是正面的挑戰(zhàn)，而 不是威脅 (positive challenge, not a threat.); 平衡家庭生活和工作生活 (balance work and family);有閑難要及時(shí)尋求別人的幫助 (turn to others for support), 要處理好和第 6 頁其他人的矛盾 (resolve conflicts with other peo

16、ple); 通過體育、社交活動(dòng)或者業(yè)余愛好來擺脫壓力 (release yourself from daily stresses with group sports, social events and hobbies):范文 Life today is filled with sources of stress, much ofwhich cannot be avoided, When stress appears to be a lifelongproblem to many people, how it actually forms remains a subjectof controv

17、ersy to many scientists. The objective of this essayis to outline both the sources of stress and appropriate waysof dealing with it. Many stressors arise from people'scircumstances. For example, the high-pressured and fast-pacedlifestyle has made it unlikely for people to gain adequateleisure ti

18、me. Failure tobalance work and leisure causes themeither to struggle with deteriorating health or to cope withpsychological distress, e.g. ， anxiety and depression.Together with some other problems, such as disharmony withothers, unpleasant work or living environment, it would increase stress to an

19、unmanageable level.Another group of stressors is intertwined with personality,People interpret events or situations differently. A problemtaken as a threat by many people might be accepted as a positive challenge to others, Evidence is inconclusive about the第 7 頁reasons behind this distinction, but

20、it is widely believed thata person of a cheerful disposition is less likely to be heavilyaffected by adversity. Of equal importance is the ability tohandle with some issues, such as time and money. Consideringthe role of personality in deciding the attitudes toward anissue and responses to an event,

21、 the effect of stressmanagement skills actually varies from person to person.Methods to cope with stress are many, but the most effectiveones are in fact not remote or complicated but accessible andpracticable. People under stress are advised to participatemore in recreational activities, adopt a sound dieting habit,and exercise regularly. They should learn to block out worriesand try to keep the effect of a challenge in life to a minimum.Finally, it is important to nurture a good state of mind and to perceive things positively.As suggested above,