2022年2022年動名詞

1、精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載step 1非謂語動詞概述1 非謂語動詞概念非謂語動詞為指由動詞變化而成,仍具有動詞的性質(zhì)與意義,但不作謂語動詞使用,而具有除謂語外其它語法功能；非謂語動詞有動詞不定式（the infinitive ）；動名詞（ the gerund ）；現(xiàn)在分詞（ the present participle ）；過去分詞（ the past participle）；2 非謂語動詞的分類.意義及構(gòu)成：精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載非謂語形式構(gòu)成時態(tài)和語態(tài)否定復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)式特點和作用精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)

2、資料 - - - 歡迎下載不定式現(xiàn)在to doto be doing to have done doingto be doneto have been done being doneforsb.todosth.在非謂語具出名詞,副詞和形容詞的作用在句中做主.賓.定.表和狀語精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載分分詞詞過去having donehaving been done具有副詞和形容詞的作用前加在句中做定.表.賓補(bǔ)和狀語精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載分詞動名詞doinghavingdonedonebeing done having been donenotsbs

3、doing具出名詞的作用在句中做主.賓.定和表語精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載3非謂語動詞的句法功能句子成分非謂語主語表語賓語補(bǔ)語定語狀語同位語不定式動名詞（極少）現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞4. 非謂語動詞的結(jié)構(gòu)形式主動形式被動形式動詞不定式to doto be done現(xiàn)在分詞一般式doingbeing done精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載現(xiàn)在分詞完成式having donehaving been done過去分詞donestep 2動名詞的用法動名詞為由動詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來,在句中起名詞的作用,但有保持動詞的特點,可以有自己的賓語或狀語,構(gòu)成動名詞短語； 也

4、可以有其規(guī)律主語、 從而構(gòu)成動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)；動名詞所帶的規(guī)律主語通常為形容詞性物主代詞.賓格代詞.名詞全部格或一般格；1.動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的形式其形式有如下兩種：a 名詞全部格 /物主代詞 +動名詞 ,如：i insist on mary s going我th堅ere持. 要瑪麗到那兒去； i have not heard of your being ill.我沒聽說你病了；b名詞通格 /人稱代詞賓格+動名詞 ,如：1. usually at the beginning of school、 the noise of desks being opened and closed、 and les

5、sons repeated at the top of the children s voices could be heard orueteint. the st2. in fact、 i think it s very much nicer without him、 if you don t mind me saying so. 留意：在上述例句中,動名詞前的規(guī)律主語與句子主語不同；假如主語相同,就不用規(guī)律主語,只用動名詞；試比較：i must apologize for not letting you know ahead of time. 在確定規(guī)律主語的格的形式時須留意以下幾點：1）

6、動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語和表語時一般用名詞全部格或物主代詞；該主語被看做為單數(shù),其謂語用單數(shù)；例如： nixon s visiting chinamarked a new era between u.s. and china diplomatic relations.尼克松拜訪中國標(biāo)志著中美外交關(guān)系進(jìn)入一個新的時代；the main trouble is their not having enough money .主要問題為他們沒有足夠的錢；2 在口語和非正式語體中,只要不為作主語, 動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中的規(guī)律主語常接受名詞通格或人稱代詞賓格；例如：精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)

7、必備歡迎下載the doctor does not mind me /my eating a little meat occasionally.大夫并不反對我有時吃一點肉；3）假如規(guī)律主語為一個短語或有修飾語,一般用名詞通格或人稱代詞的賓格的形式；例如：the teacher insisted on the boy who threw the eraser apologizing.老師支持要那個扔掉刷子的男孩賠禮；i insist on both of them coming in time.我堅持要他們兩人準(zhǔn)時來；do you remember mary and her mother com

8、ing to see us last year.4 動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)做主語和表語,無生命的事物名詞作規(guī)律主語時一般接受通格形式；例如：the suggestion of the meeting being put off was not adopted by the chairman.延期召開會議的建議沒有被主席接受；2. 動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的功能精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載1）作主語his coming home late worries his mother.john s coming here will get us out of trouble約.翰的到來將會使我們脫離困

9、境；精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載2）作動詞或短語動詞的賓語i don t remember him/his giving me that book.我記得他給過我那本書； do you mind my /me smoking. 我抽煙你介意嗎？精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載3）作介詞賓語4）作表語her parents insisted on her studying medicine.她父母堅持要她學(xué)醫(yī)；have you heard of my sister s winning the c我o妹nte妹st在. 競賽中獲勝的事你聽說了嗎？i don t li

10、ke the idea of our living here.我不情愿我們住在這里；i knew nothing about the window being open.我一點也不知道窗戶放開著；he left the city without our knowing it他離開城市我們大家都不知道；.what is most important is tom s going there at once. the main trouble is their not having enough money.3. 判定動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的方式精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載主語位置上,或

11、動詞.介詞后的"名詞代詞+非謂語動詞 " ,假如表示的為一個大事就為動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),而不為" 名詞+ 定語；請看以下各例：he insisted on the windows open while he was sleeping.a. leftb. being leftc. leavingd. be leftinsist on 后不接從句, d 可以排除；這里表達(dá)的為堅持要求" 開著窗子睡覺 " ,所以應(yīng)當(dāng)為動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),答案為 b ；the road caused us to be for our work for half an hour

12、.a. blockedb. was blockedc. blockingd. being blocked做主語的表示上班遲到的緣由,自然應(yīng)當(dāng)為" 交通堵塞 " ,而不為 " 被堵的道路 " ,所以仍為動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),答案為 d ；the concerned mother thrilled at the news of his son to college.a. had been admittedb. admittedc. having been admittedd. having admitted消息表達(dá)的應(yīng)當(dāng)為個大事,說明不為 "被錄用的孩子

13、" ,介詞 of 后不行能接從句, 說明 of 后為動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),答案為 c；精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載a 類：1. while shopping、 people someti mes can t helpinto buying something they don t really need.a. to persuadeb. persuadingc. being persuadedd. be persuaded2. he knows nothing about it、 so he can t help any of your work.a.

14、doingb. to doc. being doingd. to be done3. how about the two of us a walk down the garden.a. to takeb. takec. takingd. to be taking4. sara never dreamed of a chance for her to be admitted to harvard university without taking any exam.a. there beingb. beingc. there would bed. there to be5. ann never

15、dreams of for her to be sent abroad very soon.a. there being a chanceb. there to be a chancec. there be a chanced. being a chance6. i live in the house with its door to the south.（這里 with 結(jié)構(gòu)作定語）a. facingb. facesc. facedd. being faced7. with a lot of difficult problems 、 the newly-elected president i

16、s having a hard time.a. settledb. settlingc. to settled. being settled8. the furniture on october 15 was seriously damaged because of a road accident .a. being deliveredb. having deliveredc. having been deliveredd. delivered 9 have you considered a course in business for artist ？a. your takingb. tak

17、ingc you takingd being taken10. her mother has no objection to tv once mary has finished her homework. a .her watchingb. watchingc. she watchingd. she watchesb 類1. the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.a. the president will attendb. the president to attendc. the president atten

18、dedd. the president s attending2. i would appreciateback this afternoon. met 92a. you to callb.you callc.your callingd.you re calling3. simon was not asked to join the club、 insufficiently popular with all the members.a. consideringb. being consideredc having consideredd to be considered4. both of m

19、y parents insisted a computer for me、 but i don t think it is necessary.a. to buyb. buyingc. on buyingd. in buying5. i don't mind the decision as long as it is not too late.a. you to delay makingb. your delaying makingc. you delaying to maked. you delay to make6. i would appreciate it a secret.a

20、. your keepingb. you to keepc. that you keepd. that you will keepc 類1. what worried the child most was to visit his mother in the hospital.a. his not allowingb. his not being allowedc. his being not allowedd. having not been allowed2. in an atmosphere of simple living was what her parents wished for

21、.a. the girl was educatedb. the girl educatedc. the girl's being educatedd. the girl to be educated3. for school once in a while often makes mr. smith angry.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載a. tom being lateb. tom to be latec. for tom being lated. tom s being late4. anyone trying to take knives on

22、 heard flights would be caught by the police.a. findsb. foundc. being foundd. will find the discovery of new evidence led to .a. the thief having caughtb. catch the thiefc. the thief being caughtd. the thief to be caught4.動名詞的否定式：not + 動名詞動名詞否定式直接在動名詞前加not； 動名詞一般式的否定式: not doing動名詞完成式的否定式: not + hav

23、ing done; having never done否定式為將否定詞not 置于動名詞之前；如動名詞為完成式或被動式,否定詞not 應(yīng)置于整個結(jié)構(gòu)之前；如：don t be angry with me for not having write to you.我沒給你寫信請別生我的氣； he felt bad for not being able to lend a hand.他因不能幫忙感到遺憾；i am sure you will excuse me for not speaking to you first.我確定你會原諒我事先沒跟你說； he said he so much regre

24、tted not being able to swim. 他說他對不會游泳感到特別遺憾；she was angry about not having been invited.她沒被邀請很憤怒；i must offer my apology for not coming to your party.我沒來參與你的晚會,必需向你賠禮；【注】如動名詞帶有規(guī)律主語,就否定詞應(yīng)置于規(guī)律主語之后；如：i m surprised aytour not having noticed.你竟未留意到我感到驚訝；jenny s not having been traineads a dancer is her o

25、ne regret.杰妮沒受過舞蹈的專業(yè)訓(xùn)練為她感到遺憾的事；例題：1. victor apologized forto inform me of the change in the plan.【2004 上海春】a. his being not ableb. him not to be ablec. his not being abled. him to be not able解析： apologize for sth./doing sth.為某事或作某事而賠禮2. what worried the child most wasto visit his mother in the hospi

26、tal.【1998 上?！縜. his not allowingb. his not being allowedc. his being not allowedd. having not been allowed解析：動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作表語；動名詞作表語,表示抽象的動作或行為；帶規(guī)律主語的動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)也可做表語；不定式作表語,表示詳細(xì)的動作；帶規(guī)律主語或疑問副詞的不定式也可以用表語；分詞作表語：現(xiàn)在分詞作表語,表示主語的特點；過去分詞作表語,表示主語所在的狀態(tài)；另外,有關(guān)于否定的一個特別結(jié)構(gòu)：“there+ be + no + v- ing ”結(jié)構(gòu)；例如： there s no saying

27、 what he ll be doing next.there s no telling what he s going to do. there s no knowing1.i wouldn't advisethere by bus、 because it is too crowded.a. and gob. to goc. to goingd. going2. with modern traffic control facilities speeder can t expect tdoeetescctaepdeand fined.a. to beb. beingc. to have

28、 beend. having been3. i really don t risk the childrenthese awful programs.a. to seeb. having seenc. to seeingd. seeing精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載4. it s strange that she d'itdmnentionhim at the party.a. to meetb. to meetingc. meetingd. met5. i don t mindto the party.a. being not invitedb. t

29、o be not invitedc. not being invitedd. bot to be invited 6. the programme、 they have to stay there for another two weeks.a. not completingb. not completedc. not having completedd. having not completed7. the girl made her mother angry by not taking her medicine.=thethe medicine made her mother angry.

30、8. the girl is nervous for never speak in public. 9.they apologized for_ not wait for us.5.動名詞的被動式精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載一.動名詞基本構(gòu)成形式時態(tài)語態(tài)主動被動精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done二.動名詞被動的時態(tài)1被動一般式 句子的主語為動名詞（被動式）的規(guī)律主語如： he came in without being asked.he dislikes being i

31、nterrupted in his experiment.he came to the party without being invited他未被邀請就來到了晚會；2. 被動完成式 動作在謂語動詞動作之前發(fā)生如： she doesnt remembehraving ever been given a chance to go abroad.她不記得曾經(jīng)被賜予過一次出國的機(jī)會；he forgot having been taken to guangzhou when he was five years old.他遺忘五歲時曾被帶到廣州去過；3. 例解例（1）：while shopping ,p

32、eople sometimes can 't help into buying something they don't really need（ 1996 上海）a. to persuadeb. persuadingc. being persuadedd. be persuaded解析：答案 c；依據(jù)句意, can't help 為 “抑制不磚.“情不自禁 ”的意思； 其后應(yīng)接動名詞作賓語；在此句中,people與 persuade 之間為動賓關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)用動名詞的被動式；例（ 2） :tony was very unhappy for to the party （

33、2000 上海）a.having not been invitedb.c. having not invitedd. not having been invited解析：答案d；動名詞的否定式作介詞的賓語；由于tony 未被邀請在先,不興奮在后,所以接受了完成式的形式；三.動名詞被動的用法1.動名詞的被動作主語2002 to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one s skin.a. exposedb. having exposedc. being exposedd. after being exposed2.動名詞的被動作賓語精品學(xué)習(xí)資料

34、精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載the squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught.這松鼠幸運(yùn)得很,剛躲避了被逮住的厄運(yùn)；we have to prevent the air from being polluted.我們必需阻擋空氣被污染；動名詞在need, want, require ,be worth 后接賓語,常以主動形式來表示被動意義.of be worthy of being done/ to be done這本書值得一讀；need/ want/ require doing sth / to be done

35、 需要做eg. my bike needs repairing / to be repaired.3.動名詞被動作表語1998 what worried the child most was to visit his mother in the hospital.a. his not allowingb. his not being allowedc. his being not allowedd. having not been allowed4動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作賓語時,名詞可用一般格代替全部格,代詞可用賓格形式代替形容詞性物主代詞；eg.i don t like yo

36、u/ your/ tom / tom但為s b動ei名ng詞la作te主. 語時,只能用your / tom s being 形lat式e ；例:what worried the child most was to visit his mother in the hospital（ 1998 上海）a. his not allowingb. his not being allowedc. his being not allowedd. having not been allowed解析：答案b ；動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的否定式應(yīng)把否定詞not 放在物主代詞之后.動名詞之前；child 和 allow

37、之間為動賓關(guān)系,所以就用其被動式；a 類題目1. no one enjoys at.a. laughingb. to laughc. being laughedd. to be laughed 2.he was afraid for being late.a. of seeingb. of being seenc. to be seend. to have seen3.i still remember to my home town when i was young.a. takingb. takenc. being takend. to take 4. by the teacher to l

38、eave the classroom made him feel ashamed.a. askedb. being askedc. having askedd. to have asked 5.do you remember to professor smith during your last visit.a. to be introducedb. being introducedc. having introducedd.to have introduced6. what i really mean is the noise of .a. the desk being opened and

39、 shutb. the desks opening and shutc.the desks opening and shuttingd. the desks opening and shutting7. the hungry boy couldnresist t to do such a foolish thing.a. to temptb. to be temptedc. on being temptedd. being tempted8. we were lucky that we just escaped the rain 10.articles 物品 used by patients

40、must be disinfected 消毒精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載12. the thief took away the woman's wallet without .a. being seenb. seeingc. him seeingd. seeing himb 類題目1. you must do something to prevent your house .a. to be broken inb. from being broken inc. to break ind. from breaking in 2.anything wort

41、h is worthy of well.a. doing ； being doneb. doing ；doingc. to be done； to be doned. to be done； being done3. while shopping、 people sometimes can not help into buying something they do not really need.a. to persuadeb. persuadingc. being persuadedd. be persuaded 4.the man caught hold of the side of t

42、he lifeboat and narrowly escaped .a. to be drownedb. from drowningc. being drownedd. from being drowned 5.they couldn t stand by the host at the party.a. to be neglectedb. being neglectedc. neglectedd. that they were neglected 6.it is a common sense that new idea have to be tested many times before

43、.a. fully acceptedb. being fully acceptedc. fully acceptedd. been accepted f 7.she was lucky enough by the carb. to miss hitting8. by 、 water can be changed into gas. 參考 : if 、9. no one can avoid by advertisements.a. to be influencedb. being influencedc. influencingd. having influencec 類題目1. the thi

44、ef drove as fast as he could to escape by the police.a. to be caughtb. he caughtc. being caughtd. catching 2.tom was unhappy for to the party.a. having not been invitedb. not having invitedc. having not invitedd. not having been invited3. the discovery of new evidence led to .a. the chief having cau

45、ghtb. catch the chiefc. the chief being caughtd. the chief to be caught 4.the library needs 、 but it will have to wait until sundaycleaningd. improved7. this x-精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載9. after for the job、 you will be required to take a language test.a. being interviewedb. interviewedc. inter

46、viewingd.having interviewed10. he forgot to guangzhou when he was five years old.a. having takenb. takingc. to be takend. having been taken6. 動名詞完成式精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載基本語法構(gòu)成完成式：語 態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)完成式having donehaving been done精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載we remembered having seen the film.我們記得看過這部電影；完成被動式：he

47、forgot having been taken to guangzhou when he was five years old.他遺忘五歲時曾被帶到廣州去過；動名詞的句法功能：1）作主語：reading aloud is very helpful.朗讀為很有好處的；collecting stamps is interesting.集郵很好玩；it s no use quarrellin爭g. 吵為沒用的；2）作表語：in the ant city、 the queen s job is la在yi螞ng蟻e王gg國s.,蟻后的工作為產(chǎn)卵； 3）作賓語：they haven t finishe

48、duilbding the dam. 他們?nèi)詻]有建好大壩；we have to prevent the air from being polluted.我們必需阻擋空氣被污染；留意動名詞既可作動詞賓語也可作介詞賓語,如上面兩個例句；此外,動名詞作賓語時,如跟有賓語補(bǔ)足語,就常用形式賓語it,例如：we found it no good making fun of others.我們發(fā)覺取笑他人不好；要記住如下動詞及短語只跟動名詞作賓語：【單詞 20個】 enjoy、 finish、 suggest、 avoid（防止） 、 excuse 、delay、 imagine、 keep、 miss、

49、 consider、 admit（承認(rèn)）, deny（否認(rèn)） 、 mind、 permit、 forbid、 practise、 risk （冒險） 、 appreciate （感謝）【 短 語 22 個 】 be busy、 be worth、 feel like、 cantstand、 canthelp、 dream of、 be fond of、 be keen on, prevent from、keepfrom、 sto（p from ） 、protect from、 set about、 be engaged in、 spendin、 succeed in、 be used to、

50、look forward to、 object to、 pay attention to、 insist on、 persist in4）作定語：he can t walk without a walking-stick.他沒有拐杖不能走路；is there a swimming pool in your school.你們學(xué)校有游泳池嗎？5）作同位語：the cave、 his hiding-place is secret.那個山洞,他藏身的地方很隱秘；his habit、 listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged.他收聽收音機(jī)新聞節(jié)目的習(xí)慣仍未轉(zhuǎn)變；動名詞完成式練習(xí)a 級題目1. i regretted that to her.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載a . having saidb. to have saidc. to sayd. /2. you'll regret those words. you may hurt her feelin