不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞規(guī)律總結(jié)（精編版）

1、必修 1 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞規(guī)律總結(jié)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)： 英語(yǔ)中不同時(shí)間和方式發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)要用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的不同形式來(lái)表示，這種表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生時(shí)間和方式的動(dòng)詞形式稱(chēng)作動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。時(shí)間主要有四個(gè)主要部分 : 即現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去、將來(lái)和過(guò)去將來(lái)。動(dòng)作方面也有四種: 即一般、完成、進(jìn)行和完成進(jìn)行。把這些時(shí)間和動(dòng)作方面結(jié)合在一起就構(gòu)成 16 種動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，具體如下：1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（do)；2.一般過(guò)去時(shí) (did) ；3.一般將來(lái)時(shí) ( will do) ( be going to do)；4.一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)( would do) ；5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) ( be doing) ；6.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) (was/were doing)

2、；7.將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) ( will be doing) ；8.過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)( would be doing) ( was/were going to do) ；9.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) (have done) ；10.過(guò)去完成時(shí) ( had done) ；11.將來(lái)完成時(shí) ( will have done) ；12.過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)(would have done) ；13.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)( have been doing) ；14.過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)( had been doing) ；15.將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)( will have been doing) ；16.過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(would have bee

3、n doing) 。 規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式及過(guò)去分詞變化如下：1. 一般情況下，動(dòng)詞詞尾加-ed e.g. worked played wanted acted 2 .以不發(fā)音的-e 結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞詞尾加-d e.g. lived moved decided raised 3. 以輔音字母+ y 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把-y 變?yōu)?-i 再加 -ed，e.g. studied tried copied cried carried4 .以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞，雙寫(xiě)詞尾輔音字母，再加-ed eg. stopped begged dropped planned dripped 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞中的規(guī)律1.

4、a-a-a型動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞cost 花費(fèi)cost cost cut 割/切cut cut hit 打hit hit let 讓let let put 放下put put hurt 傷hurt hurt shut 關(guān)閉shut shut set 設(shè)置 /放set set read 讀read read 2. a-a-b型動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞beat 打beat beaten 3. a-b-a型動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞come 來(lái)came come become 變became become run 跑ran run 4. a -b -b型1） 在動(dòng)詞原形后加一個(gè)輔音字母d 或 t 構(gòu)成過(guò)

5、去式或過(guò)去分詞。動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞burn 燃燒burned/burnt burned/burnt dream 夢(mèng)想dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt learn 學(xué)習(xí)learned/learnt learned/learnt mean 意思meant meant spoil 破壞，溺愛(ài)spoilt spoilt hear 聽(tīng)見(jiàn)heard heard （ 2）在動(dòng)詞原形后加d 構(gòu)成過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞hear 聽(tīng)到heard heard lie 撒謊lied lied （ 3）詞尾有 -ild ，-end 時(shí)，只需把 d 變?yōu)?t 構(gòu)成過(guò)去式或過(guò)去

6、分詞。動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞build 建筑built built lend 借給lent lent send 送sent sent spend 花費(fèi)spent spent lose 失去lost lost （ 4）改變動(dòng)詞原形中的元音字母：將i 改為 a , o, u 等動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞win 得勝won won shine 發(fā)光shone照 耀/shined 擦亮shone 照耀/shined 擦亮get 得到got got stand 站stood stood 動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的變化規(guī)則1. 一般在動(dòng)詞結(jié)尾直接加s e.g. help - helps climb - cl

7、imbs talk - talks sing - sings 2. 以 s, x, ch, sh, o 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加es；如果詞尾已有e, 直接加 s e.g. guess - guesses teach - teaches watch - watches wash - washes go - goes do - does 3. 以輔音字母+ y 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞 , 變 y 為 i 后, 加 es e.g. study - studies try - tries fly - flies understand 明白u(yù)nderstood understood sit 坐sat sat stick 刺入

8、 /粘貼stuck stuck strike 打/罷工struck struck/stricken hold 盛/握held held （ 5）過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞都以-aught 或-ought 結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞bring 帶來(lái)brought brought buy 買(mǎi)bought bought fight 戰(zhàn)斗fought fought think 想thought thought catch 抓住caught caught teach 教taught taught （ 6）某些以 -ay 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞 ,其過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞是把-ay 變成 -aid 動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞pay 付p

9、aid paid lay 下蛋l(fā)aid laid say 說(shuō)said said （ 7） 某些以 -eep 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞 ,其過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞是把-eep 改為 -ept 動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞sleep 睡slept slept keep 保持kept kept sweep 掃swept swept （ 8）某些以 -ell 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞 ,其過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞是把-ell 改為 -elt/ -old, 或在原形后加-ed 動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞sell 賣(mài)sold sold tell 告訴told told smell 聞smelt/smelled smelt/smelled spell 拼寫(xiě)s

10、pelt/spelled spelt/spelled （ 9）其他動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞find 發(fā)現(xiàn)found found have 有had had make制造made made hang hanged絞死/ hung 掛hanged絞死/ hung 掛feel 覺(jué)得felt felt leave離開(kāi)left left meet遇見(jiàn)met met shoot射擊shot shot dig 挖dug dug 5. a-b-c型（現(xiàn)在式、 過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞都不相同）（ 1）在動(dòng)詞原形后加-n 或-en 構(gòu)成過(guò)去分詞。動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞show 展示showed shown throw 拋

11、/扔threw thrown blow 吹blew blown grow 生長(zhǎng)grew grown know 知道knew known draw 拉/繪畫(huà)drew drawn drive 駕駛drove driven rise 升起rose risen take 拿took taken give 給gave given wake 醒waked/ woke waked/ waken write 寫(xiě)wrote written ride 騎rode ridden hide 藏hid hidden eat 吃ate eaten fall 落下fell fallen see 看見(jiàn)saw seen fly

12、 飛flew flown （2）過(guò)去式加 -n 或-en 構(gòu)成過(guò)去分詞。動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞break 破碎 /折斷broke broken steal 偷stole stolen speak 說(shuō)話(huà)spoke spoken choose 選擇chose chosen freeze 凍結(jié)froze frozen forget 忘記forgot forgotten （ 3） 變單詞在重讀音節(jié)中的元音字母“i ”分別為 “a”（ 過(guò)去式）和 “u”（過(guò)去分詞）。動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞begin 開(kāi)始began begun ring 按鈴rang rung sing 唱sang sung sink 沉sank sunk swim 游泳swam swum drink 飲drank drunk （ 4）其他