現(xiàn)代大學(xué)英語精讀第二版book2unit1推薦課件

1、2021/8/221Another School Year What For? John Ciardi Another School Year What For? John Ciardi2021/8/222R einforcementT ext AnalysisAnother School Year B ackgroundWarming upUnit 12021/8/223Questions / ActivitiesCheck-on PreviewObjectivesAnother School Year Unit 1Warming up2021/8/224Warming upQuestion

2、s/Activities What do you go to college for? How has your first semester in university changed you? Do you now have new visions of the purpose of university? What are they?2021/8/225Check-on PreviewWrite down the words according to the corresponding explanations. f_s_p_s_l_c_e_all the teachers of a u

3、niversity or collegeto be enoughshowing the ability to understand things clearly and deeplyan uncivilized human beingin a basic meaning of a wordto state something is correctto officially arrange to join a universityWarming upacultyufficeenetratingavageiteralertifynroll2021/8/226Objectives Understan

4、d the occasion and stylistic features of the speech Think about the question of the purpose of university education Know something about the author Solve your own questions about the textWarming up2021/8/227BackgroundGenreAuthorAnother School Year Unit 12021/8/228BackgroundHis LifeJohn Ciardi1916-19

5、86ua child of Italian immigrantsuBegan his career teaching English at the University of Kansas City uJoined the US Air Force in 1942, served as a gunner in fighter planesuwent on to teach at Harvard University in 1946 uin 1953 accepted a position at Rutgers Universityuin 1961, gave up teaching and d

6、evoted himself to his own literary endeavors.2021/8/229BackgrounduPoet, translator, etymologistuMajor works: First book of poems, Homeward to America, 1940 Other Skies, focusing on his war-time experience, 1947 How Does a Poem Mean, a standard textbook for high school and college poetry courses Tran

7、slation of Dantes Divine Comedy (The Inferno, 1954; The Purgatorio, 1961; The Paradiso, 1970)uInfluence: A very popular poet Poetry editor of Saturday Review from 1956 to 1972 Fellow of the National Academy of Arts and Sciences and a member and former president of the National Institute of Arts and

8、LettersHis Influence2021/8/2210BackgroundGenre Orientation speechperiod of time at the beginning of the academic year at a university during which a variety of events are held to orient and welcome new students. The orientation helps new students to organize their classes, acclimate to student life,

9、 and introduce themselves to other new students. Speeches are often given at orientation by presidents or acclaimed professors of the university. AudienceCollege freshmen Stylecolloquial, familiar; first humorous, mildly sarcastic; later serious and earnest2021/8/2211DetailedAnalysisStructureThemeAn

10、other School Year Unit 1Text Analysis2021/8/2212Text AnalysisThemeWhat is the purpose of university education? u University education has a two-fold purposeTo provide students with technical & professional trainingTo educate students to become civilized human beings2021/8/2213Text AnalysisStruct

11、ure2021/8/2214Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart I: Main Idea Retell the teachers encounter with the student. Occasion, students appearance & question, what the teacher has in mind and what he says, students response What is the students attitude towards reading Shakespeare and towards the teach

12、er? Find textual evidence. What is the teachers attitude towards the student? Find textual evidence. How does the teacher try to explain to the student the importance of reading literature? How do you understand the teachers differentiation of the three eight hours and his emphasis on the last third

13、 besides work and sleep?2021/8/2215Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart I: Sentence Paraphrase I was fresh out of graduate school starting my first semester at the University of Kansas City. (Para. 1)Paraphrasing: I had just completed my graduate studies and began teaching at the University of Kansas

14、City.to have just come from a particular place, to have just had a particular experience, e.g. students fresh from college2021/8/2216Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart I: Sentence ParaphraseI could have pointed out that he had enrolled, not in a drugstore-mechanics school, but in a college and that

15、at the end of his course he meant to reach for a scroll that read Bachelor of Science. (Para. 2)Subjunctive mood: I didnt point it out in fact. Paraphrasing: I could have told him that he was now not getting training for a job in a technical school but doing a B.Sc. at a university.to intend to do s

16、th.to indicate, register, or show2021/8/2217Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart I: Sentence Paraphrase It would certify that he had specialized in pharmacy, but it would further certify that he had been exposed to some of the ideas mankind has generated within its history. (para. 2)become an expert i

17、n; have special knowledge ofto be official proofput in touch withParaphrasing: The B. S. certificate would be officialproof that the holder had special knowledge ofpharmacy, and it would also be proof that he had beenput in touch with some profound ideas of the past. 2021/8/2218Text AnalysisDetailed

18、 AnalysisPart I: Sentence ParaphraseI could have told him all this, but it was fairly obvious hewasnt going to be around long enough for it to matter. (para. 3)Around where? Paraphrasing: I didnt actually say all this to him, because I didnt think he would stay at college/in my class very long, so i

19、t wouldnt be very important whether or not he knew what university education was for. 2021/8/2219Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart I: Sentence Paraphrase“For the rest of your life,” I said, “your days are going to average out to about twenty-four hours.” (Para. 4)to come to an average or ordinary l

20、evel or standard, esp. after being higher or lowerMore examples: Meals at the university average out to about 10 yuan per day. The restaurants monthly profits averaged out at 30% last year.2021/8/2220Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart I: Sentence ParaphraseYou will see to it that the cyanide stays o

21、ut of the aspirin, that thebull doesnt jump the fence, or that your client doesnt go to theelectric chair as a result of your incompetence. (Para. 5) make sureParaphrasing: You have to take responsibility for the work you dousing your professional skills. If you are a pharmacist, you should make sur

22、e that medicine is not mixed with poison; if you are an engineer, you should make sure that the fence you design is strong enough to keep our bulls. If you are a lawyer, you should make sure that your innocent client is not sentenced to death because you lack adequate skill and knowledge to defend h

23、im. 2021/8/2221Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart I: Sentence ParaphraseParaphrasing: I hope that your income will always be enough.They will be your income, and may it always suffice. (Para. 5)Inverted sentence, used in a blessing. e.g. May they live long!2021/8/2222Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPa

24、rt I: Sentence ParaphraseYoure going to be badly stuck for something to do whenyou are not signing checks. (Para. 8) pay for things unable to findParaphrasing: (If you dont have any other goal in life apart from making money,) you will have nothing interesting and meaningful to do when you are not p

25、aying for your shopping.2021/8/2223Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart I: Words & ExpressionsWordsPhrasesSentence Pattern2021/8/2224Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisWordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammar5. facultyn. a. any of the powers of the body or mind (para.2, L1) 機(jī)能，官能 b. department or group of r

26、elated departments in a university 系，學(xué)院 c. the whole teaching staff in one of the departments or in the whole university 全體教職工Examples: the faculty of the sight; mental faculties the Faculty of Law The entire faculty of the university will attend the meeting.2021/8/2225Text AnalysisDetailed Analysis

27、WordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammarcf. staff n.a. group of assistants working together in a business, etc. responsible to a manager or a person in authority 參謀b. those people doing administrative work 行政職員Examples: the hotel staff, the shop staff We need more staff in the office. I have a staff of t

28、en. a head teacher and her staff 校長(zhǎng)及全體教工 The school staff are expected to supervise school meals.2021/8/2226Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisWordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammar3. certify v. to confirm formally as true, accurate, or genuine (para.2, L4) 證明，保證Examples:2021/8/2227Text AnalysisDetailed Ana

29、lysisWordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammarv. to produce （as a result of a chemical or physical process） (para.2, L6) （通過物理或化學(xué)過程）產(chǎn)生，形成generateExamples: a generating station 發(fā)電廠，發(fā)電站 When coal burns, it generates heat. generate profit generative reproduction 有性繁殖2021/8/2228Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisW

30、ordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammar2. assume v. a. to take for granted; to suppose (para.5, L2) 假定 b. to take upon oneself 承擔(dān)Examples: They had assumed that prices would rise these days, but in fact they were wrong. assume responsibilities assume anothers debts2021/8/2229Text AnalysisDetailed Analysi

31、sWordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammar8. rearv. a. to care for (children or a child) during the early stages of life; to bring up (para.5, L8) 養(yǎng)育，撫養(yǎng) b. to tend (growing plants or animals) 培養(yǎng)（動(dòng)植物等） c. to rise high in the air; to tower高聳；樹立，建立n. a hind part 后面，后邊；后邊的部分Examples: to rear a child to rear p

32、oultry to rear a monument to a persons memory 為紀(jì)念 某人而建立紀(jì)念碑 the rear of the hall 2021/8/2230Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisWordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammar v. to meet present needs or requirements (para.5, L9) 滿足 10. sufficeExamples: These rations will suffice until next week. Fifty dollars will su

33、ffice me / suffice for my needs. One example will suffice to illustrate this point. Suffice (it) to say (that) anyone wanting to create adatabase system must be familiar with the concept of normalization.2021/8/2231Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisWordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammar 4. exposev. a. to s

34、ubject or allow to be subjected to an action or an influence 使受影響 (para.6, L3) b. to subject (a photographic film, for) to the action of light 使曝光 c. to make known (sth. discreditable); to reveal (the guilt or wrongdoing of) 揭發(fā)（有損信譽(yù)的事）；揭露（罪惡或錯(cuò)誤的行為）2021/8/2232Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisWordsPhrase

35、sSentence PatternGrammarExamples: The parents exposed their children to classical music at home. This film has been exposed. The crime of the corrupt officials must be exposed without any reserve.2021/8/2233Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisWordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammar1. enroll in to place ones n

36、ame on a roll or register; to sign up 注冊(cè)登記，注冊(cè)、記錄某人名字在花名冊(cè)上；登記 (para.2, L2)Example: We enrolled in the army. 2021/8/2234Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisWordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammar a. to concentrate on a particular activity or product 從事專門活動(dòng)或銷售專業(yè)產(chǎn)品 (para.2, L5) b. to have special knowledge of 在某方

37、面很專業(yè) 2. specialize in Example: The shop specializes in mountain-climbing gear. He specializes in ancient Roman history.2021/8/2235Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisWordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammar3. put itExamples: to put it another way 換句話說 to put it mildly 說得婉轉(zhuǎn)些 to put it strong 說得刻薄 to express; to

38、 state 表達(dá)；陳述 (para.4, L1) 2021/8/2236Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisWordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammarto try to make sure that (para.5, L4) 5. see to it thatExample: The parents asked the girl to see to it that her younger brothers behave well at the table.2021/8/2237Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisWo

39、rdsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammarto be in charge of (para.6, L3) 6. preside overExamples: preside over a meeting 主持會(huì)議 preside at tea 招待客人吃茶點(diǎn) The manager presides over the business of this store. 主持管理業(yè)務(wù)2021/8/2238Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisWordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammar to try to do sth. (par

40、a.7, L2)7. be out to do sth.Example: You professor raise your kids your way; Ill take care of my own. Me, Im out to make money. / Im out for money.2021/8/2239Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart I: Exercises Translate the following sentences: 1. 剛從學(xué)校畢業(yè)，他們遇到了一系列的問題，也有很多機(jī)遇。(be exposed to)2. 不管學(xué)習(xí)何種專業(yè)，大學(xué)生

41、都應(yīng)該接受人文通識(shí)教育。(specialize) 3. 請(qǐng)確保所有同學(xué)都收到了考試延期的通知。(see to it) 4. 人的財(cái)富可能有很大不同，但幸福感都是差不多的。(average out) 5. 沒有什么語言能表達(dá)我的悲傷。(suffice to) 6. 賣火柴的小姑娘伸出手去，似乎想要努力抓住火光中慢慢消逝的祖母。（as if + different patterns）2021/8/2240Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart I: Exercises (Key) 1. Fresh out of college, they were exposed t

42、o a series of problems as well as plenty of opportunities. 2. College students should have humanistic liberal education, whatever they specialize in. 3. Please see to it that all students have been notified of the delay of the exam. 4. People may differ greatly in wealth, but their sense of happines

43、s tends to average out. 5. No words will suffice to convey my grief. 6. The little match girl reached out her hand, as if trying to/ desperate to / determined to / in an attempt to grab her grandmother fading in the light. 2021/8/2241Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Main Idea How does the writ

44、er present his argument in the 2nd part? Education is an essential part of the purpose of university & the consequence of refusing to be educated In order to be educated, one needs to learn from the past (example: MIT) Books are an important carrier of the past, and provide people with a variety

45、 of lives. The mission of university is to educate the students. 2021/8/2242Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Sentence ParaphraseYou are on your way to being that new species of mechanized savage, the push-button Neanderthal. (para.9)new type of humans who are primitive and uncivilized although

46、 they can work machinesParaphrasing: You will become an uneducated person who can only work machines and operate mechanical equipment, not knowing anything about literature, philosophy, history, or art.2021/8/2243Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Sentence Paraphrase If you have no time for Shak

47、espeare, for a basic look at philosophy, for the continuity of the fine arts, for that lesson of mans development we call historythen you have no business being in college. (Para.9) Paraphrasing: If you dont want to improve your mind and broaden your horizon by studying a little literature, philosop

48、hy, the fine arts and history, you shouldnt be here at college. to have no right to do sth., shouldnt have been/be doing sth.2021/8/2244Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Sentence Paraphrase Our colleges inevitably graduate a number of such life forms, but it cannot be said that they went to col

49、lege; rather the college went through themwithout making contact. (para.9) Mechanized savage; push-button Neandethal Paraphrasing: Our colleges always produce such people who canoperate machines but who cannot think. We cannot help that. Butwe cant say that these people have received a proper colleg

50、eeducation. It is more accurate to say that these college years havejust passed them by without leaving anything on them.2021/8/2245Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Sentence Paraphrase There is not time enough in a single lifetime to invent for oneself everything one needs to know in order to

51、be a civilized human. (Para.10) Paraphrasing: To become a civilized person, you need to know many things, and you cannot find out everything by yourself, because your life is too short. 2021/8/2246Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Sentence Paraphrase If you are too much in a hurry, or too arrog

52、antly proud of your own limitations, to accept as a gift to your humanity some pieces of the minds of Aristotle, or Chaucer, or Einstein, you are neither a developed human nor a useful citizen of a democracy. (Para.12) Paraphrasing: If you are too anxious to leave school early (so that you can start

53、 to make money) , (or if you are) too ignorant to see your limitations, to accept some of the thinking of the great men as something that will help cultivate in you the quality of being a human being, you do not deserve to be called a well-educated and cultured citizen of a democratic society. “too

54、to” structureobject of the verb “accept”2021/8/2247Text AnalysisDetailed Analysis 如果你因?yàn)榛畹么颐Χ椴怀鰰r(shí)間，或者對(duì)自己的局限不以為恥反以為榮，因而沒有接受亞里士多德、喬叟或愛因斯坦等人的某些思想作為你為人之道的禮物，那么你就既不是一個(gè)心智發(fā)展完全的人，也不是一個(gè)民主國(guó)家里有用的公民。 2021/8/2248Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Sentence ParaphraseA university has no real existence and no re

55、al purpose except as it succeeds in putting you in touch, both as specialists and as humans, with those human minds your human mind needs to include. ( Para. 14)Paraphrasing: The purpose of a university is to expose its students to the best of human thoughts that they need to learn both as professio

56、nals and as civilized human beings. If a university cannot succeed in doing this, it should not exist at all.“except” used as a conjunctive, introducing an adverbial clause 2021/8/2249Text AnalysisDetailed Analysis 我認(rèn)為一所大學(xué)如果不能讓你們無論是作為專門人才，還是作為人接觸你們應(yīng)該吸納的那些偉人思想的話，那么它就不是大學(xué)，也沒有存在的必要。我相信我這種說法既代表人文院校也代表理工

57、院校的教師們的意見。 2021/8/2250Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Sentence ParaphraseThe faculty, by its very existence, says implicitly: “We have been aided by many people, and by many books, in our attempt to make ourselves some sort of storehouse of human experience.” (Para. 14) Paraphrasing: We need

58、the faculty because these teachers have a lot of human experience to pass on to young students, and they are able to do so because they have been helped by many people and many books in the past. 2021/8/2251Text AnalysisDetailed Analysis 大學(xué)師資隊(duì)伍存在的本身，明確地表明“在我們努力使自己成為人類知識(shí)的寶庫(kù)而奮斗的過程中，我們得到過很多人和很多書的幫助。我們決

59、心盡全力使你們能接受這些偉人的思想。 2021/8/2252Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Words & ExpressionsWordsPhrasesSentence Pattern2021/8/2253Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisWordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammar1. accomplishment n. sth. completed successfully; an achievement (para.12, L3)Examples: a girl of many a

60、ccomplishments 多才多藝的姑娘 Among her accomplishments were sewing, cooking, playing the piano and dancing.2021/8/2254Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisWordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammarv. to succeed in doing; to reach the end ofExamples: accomplish ones object 達(dá)到目的 accomplish ones mission 完成使命 He can accomplish more in a day