高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài)

1、高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài)的考點1高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài)時態(tài)和語態(tài)的主要考點時態(tài)和語態(tài)的主要考點1、考查在語境中判斷動詞時態(tài)的運用能力。?？嫉臅r 態(tài)為：一般現(xiàn)在、一般過去、一般將來、現(xiàn)在進 行、過去進行、現(xiàn)在完成、過去完成、現(xiàn)在完成進 行、過去將來等。2、時間、條件、讓步等狀語從句中動詞的時態(tài)；主從 句時態(tài)呼應問題。3、持續(xù)性動詞和終止性動詞的用法區(qū)別。4、及物動詞的被動語態(tài)。5、系動詞的用法特點。6、某些以主動形式表被動意義的動詞的用法。2高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài) 時態(tài)共有四種體（form）:完成體、一般體、進行體和完成進行體。 時間(time)也有四種：現(xiàn)在、過去、將來和過去將來。3高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài)最常用的幾種時

2、態(tài)與時間狀語的搭配最常用的幾種時態(tài)與時間狀語的搭配一般現(xiàn)在every , sometimes,at , on Sunday 現(xiàn)在進行now, 現(xiàn)在完成for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past years, always, recently 一般過去yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now 過去進行this morning, the whole morning, all day, yest

3、erday, from nine to ten last evening when, while 過去完成before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as 一般將來next, tomorrow, in 過去將來多用在間接引語中表示發(fā)生在謂語動作以后的動作4高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài)16種時態(tài)一般時一般時進行時進行時完成時完成時完成進行時完成進行時現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在過去過去將來將來過去過去將來將來study/studiesam（is,are） studyinghave(has) studiedhave(has) been studyingstudiedwas(were

4、)studyinghad studiedhad been studyingwill(shall)studywill (shall)be studyingwill (shall)have studiedwill (shall)have beenstudyingwould(should)studywould (should) be studyingwould (should) have studiedwould (should) have been studying5高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài)1一般現(xiàn)在時的特點：表慣性動作、表目前狀態(tài)、表真理或(已故)重要人物的觀點、表將來、表傳媒或藝術(shù)作品的現(xiàn)時性等。Ev

5、erybody eats, drinks, and sleeps every day. (表慣性動作)The poor old lady always tells us the same story every time she meets us. (表慣性動作)The old folk live in the distant area. (表目前狀態(tài))Time and tide wait for no man. (表真理)Ill show you the picture the moment you come. (表將來)Cao Xueqin is the author of the gre

6、at novel, “The Red Mansion”. （表藝術(shù)作品的現(xiàn)時性 ）When do the trains leave? （表將來）1：I_ping-pong ball quite well, but I havent had time to play since the new year. A. will play B. have played C. played D. play (答案：D)2：They have a good knowledge of English but little _ _ they know about German. A. have B. did C

7、. had D. do (答案：D) /mn()n/ 大廈；宅邸 6高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài) 2一般過去時的特點：表過去時段的慣性動作、代替過去將來時（在部分狀語從句中）、表過去某個時段的狀態(tài)或動作等。 When Mary was in England, she often went to the Museum. (表過去時段的慣性動作) He told me that they would not go out for swimming if it rained tomorrow. (代替過去將來時) Father used to tell us a story after supper when

8、my brother and I were young. (強調(diào)對比) 1：I _you not to move my dictionarynow I cant find it. A. asked B. ask C. was asking D. had asked (答案：A) 2：My mind wasnt on what he was saying so Im afraid I _half of it. A. was missing B. had missed C. will miss D. missed (答案：D)7高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài)3現(xiàn)在進行時的特點: 表正在發(fā)生的動作、表將來、表情緒

9、色彩、表現(xiàn)階段發(fā)生的慣性動作等。頻度副詞always, constantly, continually和forever等和進行時連用時，給現(xiàn)在或過去的動作披上一層感情色彩，并不強調(diào)動作在進行。表示討厭、不滿，帶有埋怨情緒，指責某人一貫的行徑，如：He is forever boasting.他老愛說大話。表示稱贊對方一貫表現(xiàn)的，如：You are always doing well.你總是干得很不錯。 Its now raining outside. (表正在發(fā)生的動作)Liu Huan is giving a pop concert in Beijing next month. (表將來)Y

10、ou are always forgetting my name! (表情緒色彩)He is walking up and down the room. （表現(xiàn)階段發(fā)生的慣性動作） 1： Are you still busy? Yes, I _ my work, and it wont take long.Ajust finish Bam just finishing Chave just finished Dam just going to finish (答案：B)2： Because the shop_, all the T-shirts are sold at half price.

11、A. has closed down B. closed down C. is closing down D. had closed down (答案：C)8高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài)用于現(xiàn)在完成時的句型用于現(xiàn)在完成時的句型 1）It is the first / second time. that結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分，用現(xiàn)在完成時。It is the first time that I have visited the city.It was the third time that the boy had been late. 注意比較注意比較 Its time that 結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)： It is hig

12、h time that we went to school.9高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài) 2）This is the that結(jié)構(gòu)，that 從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時. This is the best film that Ive (ever) seen. 這是我看過的最好的電影。This is the first time (that) Ive heard him sing. 這是我第一次聽他唱歌。 10高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài)典型例題典型例題(1) - Do you know our town at all? - No, this is the first time I _ here. A. was B. hav

13、e been C. came D. am coming (2) - Have you _ been to our town before? - No, its the first time I _ here. A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come 注意注意：非延續(xù)性動詞的否定形式可以與表示延續(xù)時：非延續(xù)性動詞的否定形式可以與表示延續(xù)時間的狀語連用。即動作不發(fā)生的狀態(tài)是可以持續(xù)的。間的狀語連用。即動作不發(fā)生的狀態(tài)是可以持續(xù)的。（錯）I have received his letter for a mon

14、th.（對）I havent received his letter for almost a month. BD11高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài) 4過去進行時的特點: 表過去某時刻的正在發(fā)生的動作、表過去某階段正在發(fā)生的動作、代替過去將來時、表示對比或原因。 She was doing her homework when her mother came home after work in the evening. (表過去某時刻的正在發(fā)生的動作) He was writing a novel last month. (表過去某階段正在發(fā)生的動作) Tom said that he was going

15、for the picnic on the riverside. (代替過去將來時) 1：What were you doing when Tony phoned you?I had just finished my work and _to take a shower. A .had started B. started C. have started D. was starting (答案：D) 2： Whats wrong with your coat? Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me _ on

16、it.A. sat B. had sat C. had been sitting D. was sitting (答案：D)12高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài) 5一般將來時的特點： 表純粹將來(一定會做)、表計劃將來（打算去做）、表意愿將來（愿意去做）等。 Senior Bush will retire from his work next year. (表純粹將來) The graduates are to go back to college next week. (表計劃將來) I will love you till the end of time. (表意愿將來) 1：-Youve left th

17、e light on.-Oh, so I have. _and turn it off. AIll go BIve gone CI go DIm going (答案：A) 2：Did you tell Julia about the result? Oh, no, I forgot. I _ her now. Awill be calling Bwill call Ccall Dam to call (答案：B)13高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài) 6現(xiàn)在完成時的特點: 表業(yè)已發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)、在某些狀語從句中表將來或?qū)硗瓿蓵r、用于某些特殊的句型或結(jié)構(gòu)。 a)注意標志性時間狀語問題（現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀

18、語可分為兩種： 其一為精確性時間狀語：for, in the past/last year, since等； 其二為模糊性時間狀語: before, now, today, recently, lately, already等等。） b)另外還要注意動詞的時間分類問題（瞬間動詞和延續(xù)動詞與時間狀語的搭配問題） Mr. Smith has taught English for nearly thirty years. (表某一動作的延續(xù)至說話時止) Dont get off the train until it has stopped. (表將來) This is the best beer t

19、hat I have drunk. (特殊結(jié)構(gòu)) It is the second time that I have come to England. (特殊句型)14高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài) 1：The coffee is wonderful! It doesnt taste like anything I _ before . Awas having Bhave Chave ever had Dhad ever had (答案：C) 2: More patients_in hospital this year than last year. A. treated B. have treated C

20、. had been treated D. have been treated (答案：D) 3: Years ago we didnt know this, but recent science _that people who dont sleep well soon get ill. A. showed B. has shown C. will show D. is showing (答案：B)15高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài) 7過去完成時: 對過去完成時的理解可有兩種：過去完成時是現(xiàn)在完成時的過去時，過去完成時是過去時的過去時。過去完成時的標志性時間狀語問題：由by引導的時間狀語，部分適合現(xiàn)在完成

21、時的時間狀語，某些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)（ no sooner than, hardlywhen, scarcelywhen等）。 He had received a heavy slap before he realized what had happened.（過去時的過去時） The headmaster told us that he had already known the accident. (現(xiàn)在完成時的過去時) 1：He kept looking at her, wondering whether he _ her somewhere.A. saw B. has seen C. sees

22、D. had seen (答案：D) 2：He was hoping to go abroad but his parents _ that they wont support him unless he can borrow money from the bank. Awere deciding Bhave decided Cdecided Dwill decide (答案：B)16高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài) 8被動語態(tài)與時態(tài): 在英語中被動，語態(tài)共有10種時態(tài)，但高考中考查通常只有在完成體和一般體中，進行體的被動形式較少考到，例如，今年全部試題中僅一例。 1：The number of deaths

23、 from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _ to eat more fruit and vegetables. A. persuade B. will persuade C. be persuaded D. are persuaded (答案：D) 2：Millions of pounds worth of damage_by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. A. has been caused B. had been caused C.

24、will be caused D. will have been caused (答案：A)17高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài)9被動語態(tài)與非謂語動詞: 被動語態(tài)很難成為獨立的考點，通常只能和時態(tài)或非謂語動詞聯(lián)合考查。因此，講被動語態(tài)不能不提到非謂語動詞。從時間的角度講，-ing形式和 ed形式可稱為現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞，而從語態(tài)的角度講，-ing形式和 ed形式則可稱為主動分詞和被動分詞。被動分詞就經(jīng)常成為考點。被動語態(tài)與動詞不定式的關(guān)系這里從略。1：The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see the next year.Acarry

25、 out Bcarrying out Ccarried out Dto carry out (答案：C)2：The Olympic Games,_in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing(答案：C)3：_ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. L

26、ost D. To lose (答案：C)18高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài)10主動的形式表被動的意義: 在英語中，有些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)可以是主動的形式表達被動的意義。其一，在動詞need, want, require等動詞之后，可接-ing形式表被動的意義。The bicycle requires repairing. (=to be repaired) 其二，在句型 It is worth doing中，-ing形式表被動之意。例如This film is worth seeing.其三，在形容詞easy, hard, difficult, good, nice, pleasant, interesting,

27、fit等之后，其動詞不定式主動表被動。例如：The water here is fit to drink. 其四，有些動詞的主動形式表被動意義。例如：let, write, wear, run, begin, shut, read, sell, wash, record, open等動詞是以不及物而表被動。The new book of the former president of America Bill Clinton sells very well.Your pen really writes smoothly.1：-What do you think of the book?-Oh,

28、 excellent. Its worth_a second time. A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read (答案：C)19高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài) 11被動語態(tài)與部分動詞和短語: 在英語中，有些動詞永無被動語態(tài)，而這一點是中國學生最感不能接受的。例如：happen, remain, break out, take place, occur等。另外，幾個知覺類的聯(lián)系動詞亦無被動語態(tài)，即：look, feel, sound, smell, taste等。 Tasting nice, the fruit is from Viet Name.

29、 (不能用tasted) A fire broke out in the factory where he once worked. （不用was broken out） 12被動的形式表主動的意義：有些動詞由于能接反身代詞，因此，可用被動形式表主動的意義。此類形式更多地用于非謂語動詞的考查中，這里作為應掌握的形式列出。例如：devote, surprise, seat, hide, station, lost, dress等 He was devoted to his work. Little Franz saw many villagers seated at the back of th

30、e classroom. 20高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài)4、狀語從句中的時態(tài)問題、狀語從句中的時態(tài)問題高考題點擊：高考題點擊：1. - Can I join the club, Dad? - You can when you _ a bit older. (94 N) A. get B. will get C. are getting D. will have got說明說明：時間狀語從句中沒有將來時，需用一般現(xiàn)時間狀語從句中沒有將來時，需用一般現(xiàn)在時替代一般將來時在時替代一般將來時。A21高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài) 2. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to

31、 be watered if they _. (2001上海) A. have survivedB. are to survive C. would surviveD. will surviveB說明：條件狀語從句中不用將來時，但 be to 結(jié)構(gòu)不屬于將來時態(tài)形式。22高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài)3. He will have learned English for eight years by the time he _ from the university next year. (2002上海) A. will graduateB. will have graduated C. graduates

32、 D. is to graduate說明：by the time 引導的是時間狀語從句，故不能使用將來時。D選項雖可考慮，但 be to 結(jié)構(gòu)大多用來表示“義務、決定、職責、約定”等，與句意不合。C23高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài) 4. It _ long before we _ the result of the experiment. (2002上海春季) A. will not be, will know B. is, will know C. will not be, know D. is, knowC說明：before 引導的是時間狀語從句，無將來時，而主句應該用將來時。24高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài) 一

33、.延續(xù)性動詞表示能夠延續(xù)的動作如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延續(xù)性動詞可以與表示時間段的狀語連用。 表示時間段的短語有:for+一段時間,for 2 years; since從句,since he came here; since+時間點名詞,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time等。 例: He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days. I stayed there for 2 weeks