長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)詞匯

1、academia 學(xué)術(shù)界ambiguous 不明確的collaborative 協(xié)作的、合作的conviction 堅(jiān)定的信仰或主張foster 培養(yǎng)、促進(jìn)、助長(zhǎng)mitigate 緩和、減輕outshine 優(yōu)于······、使······黯然失色perception 看法、認(rèn)識(shí)prioritize 使優(yōu)先prospective 預(yù)期的、未來(lái)的、可能的transition 過(guò)渡、轉(zhuǎn)變act on 按······行事c

2、ount on 指望pep talk 鼓舞士氣的講話put ones neck on the line 冒險(xiǎn)stand out 突出、顯眼commemorate 紀(jì)念、慶祝exquisite 精致的facet （性格、情況等的）一個(gè)方面renowned 著名的bid farewell to 告別partake of 吃、喝urge······on 激勵(lì)（人）、鞭策（動(dòng)物）accommodate 迎合、遷就bolster 改進(jìn)elusive 難以表述的、難懂的frenzied 狂亂的、瘋狂的、異常激動(dòng)的impair 削弱、損害、損傷li

3、aison 密切的聯(lián)系，關(guān)系mundane 平凡的、平淡的myriad 無(wú)數(shù)的、不計(jì)其數(shù)的obsessive 著迷的prerequisite 必備條件、先決條件、前提reminisce 緬懷往事、追憶往事retard 阻礙、減緩culminate in 到······高峰、最終達(dá)到deprive sb. of sth. 剝奪adept 熟練的adherent 信徒、追隨者、擁護(hù)者align 排成一線disciplined 訓(xùn)練的、遵守紀(jì)律的indicator 指示物innovator 創(chuàng)新者meditation 默念、默想、冥想、打坐

4、nominal （金額）極小的、微不足道的、象征性的prestigious 有聲望的、有威信的prevalent 流行的、普遍的reimburse 償還reiterate 反復(fù)地說(shuō)、重申stamina 持久力、耐力、毅力strenuous 艱苦的、要花功夫的tout 贊揚(yáng)、吹捧alteration變動(dòng)、改變covet覬覦、垂涎、貪求desecrate褻瀆deviate背離、偏離disposition性情、性格endeavor嘗試、努力engross使非常感興趣、使全神貫注indestructible不可摧毀的、堅(jiān)不可摧的knavish無(wú)賴(lài)似的、人品不正的obliterate 忘卻、抹去unfo

5、ld展現(xiàn)、逐漸呈現(xiàn)unsavory令人不快的、令人厭惡的be a far cry from 與大不相同atthe peril of 冒著喪失（或傷害）的危險(xiǎn)hold to 遵循、堅(jiān)持benchmark 基準(zhǔn)benign 無(wú)害的、良性的daring 魯莽的emeritus 保留頭銜的、榮譽(yù)退休的malign 有害的harmfulmandate 命令、指示maneuver 熟練的動(dòng)作mantra （非正式）常用的老話negotiate 順利通過(guò)、成功越過(guò)perverse 任性的、不合情理的、一意孤行的reckless 輕率的、魯莽的、不顧危險(xiǎn)的redistribute 再分配、再分發(fā)skeptic

6、 懷疑論者sober 未喝醉的、清醒的visceral 內(nèi)心深處的at the mercy of 任由某人擺布black and white 是非分明的be bound to 很有可能、肯定會(huì)takesth. into account 考慮to boot 并且、加之1.Mitigate-alleviate 減輕、減緩Prospective-expected 預(yù)期的、意料之中的Outshine-surpassed 勝過(guò)、優(yōu)于Initiate-originate 引起、創(chuàng)作Transition-transfer v.轉(zhuǎn)變Mobilize-organize 組織Conviction-belief 信

7、仰、信念A(yù)mbiguity-vagueness n.不明確、含糊Assets-advantage n.優(yōu)點(diǎn)、優(yōu)勢(shì)Perception -response n.看法、認(rèn)知Foster-encourage v.培養(yǎng)、促進(jìn)Collaborate-cooperate v.合作、協(xié)作2.Fare -food 食物Moderate-mild adj.溫和的Far-reaching-widespread adj.深遠(yuǎn)的、范圍廣的Authentic-genuine adj.正宗的純種的Diverse-varied adj.多種多樣的Streaky-fatty adj.五花肉、肥肉Commemorate-hon

8、or v.紀(jì)念Lingering-continuing v.徘徊、逗留Humility-modesty n.謙卑Wronged-treated unjustly 被誤解、誤會(huì)4.Insightful-perceptive adj.有深刻見(jiàn)解的Demanding-exacting v.要求、苛求Obsessive-compulsive adj.令人著迷的Commitment-fidelity n.承諾、許諾Yearning-desire adj.欲望、渴望Possessive-jealous adj.所有的、占有欲的Disillusionment-disenchantment n.幻滅、醒悟My

9、riad-numerous adj.不明確的、無(wú)限期的Shape-form v.形成5.Establishment-setup n.建立、成立Facet-aspect n.方面Prevalent-common adj.普遍的、流行的Estimate-judge v.估計(jì)、判斷Claim-state v.宣稱(chēng)、表明Flourish-grow well v.繁榮、活躍Occasionally-sometimes 有時(shí)Commission-contract v.簽約、訂約Prestigious-admired adj.受人尊敬的、有影響的Reimburse-pay v.償還Component-Par

10、t n.組分、部分Flexibility-ability to make changes n.靈活性Self-discipline -self control自律Stalling-delaying v.拖延Pending-waiting for 等待Turn out-become 變成、轉(zhuǎn)變At his disposal -under his control 在.控制之下Down on his lucky -suffering from bad luck 遭受不幸Slump -decline 減少、大幅下降Soared-increased 增加、增長(zhǎng)Skimped-did without 節(jié)省

11、、克扣、少用、省吃?xún)€用The dole-welfare 幸福、繁榮、福利Eligible for aid -able to get help 合適Unit 11. “It is an educated guess”, says my hiring manager client. Your job as a future employee is to help the hiring manager mitigate （考詞）that risk. You need to help them identify you as a prospective “key player”這是一種很有根據(jù)的猜測(cè)，

12、我的人事經(jīng)理客戶(hù)說(shuō)。作為未來(lái)的一名員工，你的工作就是幫助人事部經(jīng)理降低這種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，你需要幫助他們認(rèn)定你有潛力成為核心員工。2. Many postdocs and grad students have a tough time showing that they can make this transition(考詞) because so much of their life has involved playing the independent-researcher role and outshining other young stars.3. Failure is important

13、because it shows that you were not afraid to take chances.4. It deserves repeating because it is the single most public difference between academia and industry. The business environment is less lone-wolf and competitive, so signs of being collaborative and selfless stand out. 它之所以值得被反復(fù)談及，是因?yàn)檫@一特征是學(xué)術(shù)

14、界和企業(yè)間最明顯的差別。“企業(yè)的環(huán)境并不需要單打獨(dú)斗，爭(zhēng)強(qiáng)好勝，所以表現(xiàn)出合作和無(wú)私精神的員工就脫穎而出了。5 To suddenly be valued and measured by your mastery of human relationships can be a very scary proposition for a person who has been valued and measured only by his mastery of things.6. This creates a requirement not only for people who can act

15、quickly, but for those who can think fast and have the courage to act on their convictions. This requirement needs to run throughout an organization and is not exclusive to management.這樣不僅對(duì)那些行動(dòng)迅速的人們，也對(duì)那些思維敏捷，并有勇氣按自己的想法行事的人們都提出了要求。這需要全公司各部門(mén)的運(yùn)作，而不僅僅是管理部門(mén)的工作。7. I asked him about this key trait because

16、in his new business role, interpersonal abilities make the difference between success and failure.我向他咨詢(xún)這個(gè)重要特征，是因?yàn)樵谒男聵I(yè)務(wù)角色中，人際溝通能力在成功和失敗之間發(fā)揮著很大的作用。8.Every company has a handful of staff in a given area of expertise that you can count on to get the job done.每家公司都有少數(shù)幾個(gè)這樣的員工，在某個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)領(lǐng)域，你可以指望他們把活干好。9.The bu

17、siness environment is less lone wolf and competitive, so signs of being collaborative and selfless stand out. You just can not succeed in an industry environment without this mindset.企業(yè)的環(huán)境并不需要單打獨(dú)斗，爭(zhēng)強(qiáng)好勝，所以表現(xiàn)出合作和無(wú)私精神的員工就脫穎而出了，在企業(yè)環(huán)境中，沒(méi)有這樣的思維方式就不可能成功。Unit 21. Chinese cuisine is a brilliant facet of Chin

18、ese culture, which is proven by the fact that Chineserestaurants are found scattered everywhere throughout the world.中國(guó)美食是中國(guó)文化一道絢爛的風(fēng)景線，這點(diǎn)從世界各地隨處可見(jiàn)的中餐館可以窺見(jiàn)。2. It is widely acknowledged that from the Ming (1368-1644) dynasties onwards, there are eight major schools of cuisine based on regional cooking

19、.眾所周知，明朝以來(lái)出現(xiàn)了來(lái)自不同地區(qū)的八大菜系。3. The names of Chinese dishes are diverse, but behind each of the famous dishes is an interesting story explaining why it is popular.中國(guó)菜名五花八門(mén)，而每道名菜都有一段有趣的故事，講述著它是如何博得人們的喜愛(ài)。4. It is the eyes of Chinese, what is important about eating, especially at festivals, is to eat in a

20、warm atmosphere.在中國(guó)人看來(lái)，吃最重要的，尤其在過(guò)節(jié)時(shí)，莫過(guò)于吃飯時(shí)的溫馨氣氛。5. Such culinary customs have had a certain influence on the character of the Chinese people. 這種飲食習(xí)俗對(duì)中國(guó)人的性格也有幾分影響。6. At a party or a banquet, everyone first takes into consideration the needs of the group; with the eating process also being a time to s

21、how humility and concern for others.無(wú)論在聚會(huì)還是在宴席上，人們首先考慮大家的需求，把吃飯當(dāng)成是謙卑有禮和關(guān)懷他人的場(chǎng)合。Unit 41. The family is usually our earliest and most important source of love and emotional support.家庭通常是我們最早和最重要的愛(ài)和情感支持的來(lái)源。2. Much research shows that the quality of care infants receive affects how they later get along

22、with friends, how well they do in school, how they react to new and possibly stressful situations, and how they form and maintain loving relationships as adults.很多研究發(fā)現(xiàn)嬰兒獲得關(guān)愛(ài)的質(zhì)量會(huì)影響到他們以后的交友，在學(xué)校的表現(xiàn)，如何應(yīng)對(duì)陌生的或可能充滿(mǎn)壓力的情況，以及他們成年后如何建立并且維系情感聯(lián)系。3. I never loved another person the way I loved myself.我從沒(méi)有像愛(ài)自己那樣愛(ài)過(guò)

23、別人。4. According to a nine-year-old boy, for example, “Love is like an avalanche where you have to run for your life.” What we mean by love depends on whether we are talking about love for family members.比如一個(gè)九歲男孩說(shuō)：愛(ài)就像雪崩，你只有快跑才能逃離。愛(ài)對(duì)于我們來(lái)說(shuō)意味著什么，這取決于我們指的是家人之間、朋友之間還是戀人之間的愛(ài)。（父母對(duì)小孩的愛(ài)讓叛逆期的小孩想要逃離）5. Many res

24、earchers feel that love defies a single definition.（難以描述）許多研究者認(rèn)為愛(ài)沒(méi)有唯一的定義。6. At the very least, three elements are necessary for a loving relationship: (1) willingness to please and accommodate the other person, even if this involves compromise and sacrifice; (2) an acceptance of the other persons fa

25、ults and shortcomings; and (3) as much concern about the loved ones welfare as ones own.擁有戀愛(ài)關(guān)系至少需要具備三個(gè)元素：1)愿意取悅和遷就另一方，即使需要妥協(xié)或犧牲；2)能接受另一方的錯(cuò)誤和缺點(diǎn)；3)關(guān)心愛(ài)人的幸福像關(guān)心自己一樣。7. People who say they are “in love” emphasize caring, intimacy, and commitment.說(shuō)自己“處于戀愛(ài)中”的人們重視相互之間的關(guān)心、親密和忠誠(chéng)。commit獻(xiàn)身于 專(zhuān)心致力于,傾心于 to：He commi

26、tted himself to socialism.犯 <罪、過(guò)錯(cuò)等> a crime8. Respect is inherent in all love. (是的內(nèi)在屬性)相互尊重是所有愛(ài)的共同屬性。9. Because of these images, many people believe a variety of myths (誤解) about love.These misconceptions(誤解) often lead to unrealistic expectations, stereotypes（千篇一律）, and disillusionment.10. We

27、 will never meet millions of potential lovers because they are “filtered out” by formal rules on partner eligibility due to factors such as age, race, distance, social class, religion, sexual orientation, health, or physical appearance.我們錯(cuò)過(guò)了成千上萬(wàn)的可能的愛(ài)人，因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)缇捅话挲g、種族、地域、社會(huì)階層、宗教、性愛(ài)、健康或外貌在內(nèi)的這樣正式的或非正式的挑

28、選理想愛(ài)人的準(zhǔn)則篩選出局。（be eligible for）Unit 51. Yoga originated in ancient India and is one of the longest surviving philosophical systems in the world. Some scholars have estimated that Yoga is as old as 5,000 years; artifacts detailing（描述） yoga postures have been found in India from over 3,000 B.C.瑜伽起源于古印度

29、，是世界上最古老的哲學(xué)體系之一。一些學(xué)者估計(jì)瑜伽已經(jīng)有5000年的歷史了；印度曾經(jīng)出土過(guò)3000年前表現(xiàn)瑜伽手勢(shì)的手工藝品。2. There has since been a vast exchange of yoga knowledge in America, with many students going to India to study and many Indian experts coming here to teach, resulting in the establishment of a wide variety of schools.從此瑜伽的知識(shí)在美國(guó)傳播開(kāi)來(lái)，許多學(xué)徒

30、專(zhuān)門(mén)去印度學(xué)習(xí)，很多瑜伽教室也來(lái)美國(guó)教學(xué)，創(chuàng)辦了大量的瑜伽學(xué)校。3. A recent Roper poll, commissioned (考詞：委托) by Yoga Journal, found that.4. The benefits of yoga are being touted(考詞：吹捧) by the move stars.注意：advocate-touted 鼓吹，吹捧5. many prestigious schools 許多知名大學(xué)6. The two most prevalent (流行的)ones are Iyengar and Ashtanga yoga.Justi

31、ce will prevail. 正義終究戰(zhàn)勝邪惡。7. Some yoga routines, depending on the teacher and school, can be as strenuous as the most difficult workout, and some routines merely stretch and align the body while the body while the breath and heart rate are kept slow and steady.根據(jù)瑜伽師和派別的不同，一些瑜伽動(dòng)作做起來(lái)異常辛苦，而另一些卻只是在呼吸和心跳

32、平穩(wěn)的情況下調(diào)整和伸展肢體。8. It is an appealing and stimulating aspect of yoga for many.這也是瑜伽吸引人的地方之一9. Yoga is usually best learned from a yoga teacher or physical therapist, but yoga is simple enough that one can learn the basics from good books on the subject, which are plentiful.能像瑜伽老師或者健身教練學(xué)習(xí)瑜伽是再好不過(guò)了，但因?yàn)殍べ?/p>

33、入門(mén)簡(jiǎn)單，所以也可以從大量的介紹瑜伽的正規(guī)書(shū)籍中自學(xué)它的基本動(dòng)作。10. Many YMCAs, colleges, and community health organizations offer beginning yoga classes as well, often for nominal(考詞) fees.許多地方的基督青年會(huì)，大學(xué)和社區(qū)健康組織都會(huì)開(kāi)辦瑜伽課，通常只是象征性的收取一點(diǎn)費(fèi)用. Nominal power 名義上的權(quán)11. The basic positions can increase a persons strength, flexibility and sense

34、 of well-being almost immediately, but it can take years to perfect and deepen them, which is an appealing and stimulating aspect of yoga for many.練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)的瑜伽動(dòng)作即可收到增強(qiáng)力量，改善柔韌性并使人感到舒適的效果，但要想達(dá)到完美和高深的境界還是需要日積月累的練習(xí)，這也是瑜伽吸引人的地方之一。 12. Yoga can also provide the same benefits as any well-designed exercise

35、program, increasing general health and stamina（耐力）, reducing stress, and improving those conditions brought about by sedentary（埋頭工作） lifestyles. 瑜伽還能帶來(lái)和精心設(shè)計(jì)的練習(xí)一樣的效果，使人增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)、煥發(fā)活力，并幫助人們舒緩壓力和久坐帶來(lái)的疲勞。13. Meditation has been much studied and approved for its benefits in reducing stress related conditions.

36、研究表明，冥想能幫助人們緩解壓力。14. Yoga is not a competitive sport; it does not matter how a person does in comparison with others, but how aware and disciplined one becomes with ones own body and limitation.瑜伽不是競(jìng)技體育；練瑜伽不需要和別人比，練瑜伽的目的是提高自己的覺(jué)悟和身心自律能力。15. Yoga is also a very accessible form of exercise.瑜伽是一項(xiàng)很便捷的運(yùn)動(dòng)。

37、16. The mental component of yoga is just as important as the physical postures. Concentration and awareness of breath should not be neglected. Yoga should be done with an open, gentle, and non-critical mind. When one stretches into a yoga position, it can be thought of an accepting and wording on on

38、es limits.做瑜伽時(shí)，身體和精神一樣重要，要注意集中精力去感受呼吸。練習(xí)時(shí)必須心胸開(kāi)闊、平和。當(dāng)你伸展肢體做每一個(gè)瑜伽動(dòng)作時(shí)，你就是在接收挑戰(zhàn)去達(dá)到自己的極限。17. However, ongoing research in top medical schools is showing yogas effectiveness for overall health and for specific problems, making it an increasingly acceptable health practice.然而，越來(lái)越多的來(lái)自頂尖醫(yī)學(xué)院的研究結(jié)果表明，瑜伽對(duì)全身健康和特殊

39、病癥都有好處，這也使越來(lái)越多的人接受這項(xiàng)健康的運(yùn)動(dòng)。18. Impatience, self-criticism and comparing oneself to others will not help in this process of self-knowledge. While performing the yoga of breathing and meditation, it is best to have an experienced teacher, as these powerful techniques can cause dizziness and discomfort

40、when done improperly.不耐煩、自責(zé)和與他人相比都不利于這一過(guò)程中自我認(rèn)識(shí)的實(shí)現(xiàn)。當(dāng)練習(xí)呼吸法和冥想法時(shí)，最好由經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的瑜伽師來(lái)指導(dǎo)。因?yàn)橐坏┚毩?xí)不當(dāng)，這些技巧性很強(qiáng)的動(dòng)作會(huì)使人感到頭暈不適。Unit 71. The basic nature of human beings does not and cant change. It is only the surface that is capable of alteration（改變）, improvement and refinement; we can alter only peoples customs, manne

41、rs, dress and habits.人類(lèi)的本性不會(huì)也不能改變，只有一些表面特征才會(huì)變化、改善和進(jìn)一步提升，我們可以改變?nèi)藗兊娘L(fēng)格、舉止、衣著和習(xí)慣。2. Human nature is the basis of character, the temperament and disposition; it is that indestructible matrix upon which the character is built, and whose shape it must take and keep throughout life.人性是性格、氣質(zhì)和性情的基礎(chǔ)。性格正是基于這牢不可

42、破的基質(zhì)之上的，它必須以這種基質(zhì)形式存在，并將它保留終生。3. Apologies are in order when Smith is mistaken for Jone.Be in order 適宜，合適的如果有人把史密斯誤認(rèn)成Jone就應(yīng)該道歉。4. Every man unfolds a distinct character over which circumstances and education have only the most limited control.(注意句式)每個(gè)人都表現(xiàn)出一種與眾不同的性格，而環(huán)境和教育對(duì)性格的影響都及其有限。5. No two people

43、will ever draw the same conclusions from the same experiences, but each must interpret events and fit them into the mosaic of his own lifes pattern.兩個(gè)人從相同的經(jīng)歷中也不會(huì)得出相同的結(jié)論，但是兩個(gè)人會(huì)各自分析這個(gè)事情并將他們?nèi)谌氲阶约贺S富的生活模式中去。6. Each holds to the structure of the mold into which the soul was cast at the time of its individualization.一個(gè)人獨(dú)特的個(gè)性和他的天性在出生時(shí)就已經(jīng)形成，并且不會(huì)改變。7. But nothing can permanently modify them, nothing can obliterate (忘卻)them.但是沒(méi)有什么能永久的改變他們，也沒(méi)有什么能把他們抹去。8. This is why it is so difficult for one who has acquired an unsavory rep