《2020年七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)Unit2Neighours知識(shí)點(diǎn)和練習(xí)無(wú)答案新版牛津版》

1、unit 2 neighbours一、知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解a:詞匯及詞組名詞（n.）neighbour(neighbor)鄰居visitor訪問(wèn)者community社區(qū)skill技能problem問(wèn)題engineer工程師college學(xué)院fire火manager經(jīng)理office辦公室policeman警察postman郵遞員station局，所，站police station警察局post郵政post office郵局person人job工作future未來(lái)artist藝術(shù)家notice布告，通知information信息group組動(dòng)詞（v.）fix修理check檢查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（modal v.）wi

2、ll將，將會(huì)shall將，將會(huì)聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞（linking v.）sound聽起來(lái)形容詞（adj.）helpful愿意幫忙的，有用的broken損壞了的lucky幸運(yùn)的elder年紀(jì)較長(zhǎng)的sick生病的better更好，較好介詞（prep.）like像，類似；.怎么樣不定代詞（pron.）something某事，某物anything任何事someone某人anyone任何人副詞（adv.）below下面詞組1. in your neighbourhood在你們社區(qū)/鄰里2. a community centre一個(gè)社區(qū)中心3. share their different skills分享

3、他們的一技之長(zhǎng)4. help sb. with sth.幫助某人（做）某事5. be ready to do sth.準(zhǔn)備好做某事6. do some shopping購(gòu)物7. wait for ones call等某人的電話8. the day after tomorrow后天9. plan a day out計(jì)劃一日出行10. make a fire生火11. her elder brother/ sister她的哥哥/姐姐12. in the future在將來(lái)13. help sick people幫助病人14. look at the information below看下面的信息1

4、5. make you feel better讓你感覺身體更好16. worry about擔(dān)心17. all our group members我們組的所有成員18. give sb. some ideas給某人出些主意19. by train/bus/ship/bike乘火車/公共汽車/船/騎自行車20. know a lot about非常了解 c:詞匯精講及幾句一、詞匯精講1. likelike 作介詞，意為“像；與相似”，對(duì)應(yīng)的反義詞為unlike。短語(yǔ)look like表示“看起來(lái)像”。例如：draw it like this! 照這樣畫！ she looks like her m

5、other. 她長(zhǎng)得像她媽媽?！就卣埂縧ike與aslike與as作介詞，都有“像”的意思。但有一定區(qū)別。（1）like意為“像一樣”。用于相似關(guān)系，即兩者在形態(tài)上或性質(zhì)上有相似之處，但并不等于。（2）as意為“作為；以身份”。用于說(shuō)明同一關(guān)系，即兩者實(shí)為一體。例如：she talks to me like my mother. 她像我媽媽那樣跟我說(shuō)話。（她不是我媽媽） she talks to me as a mother. 她以媽媽的身份跟我說(shuō)話。（她是我媽媽）2. most ofmost of意為“中的大多數(shù)”，后面接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；也可接不可數(shù)名詞，此時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)

6、詞用單數(shù)形式。例如：most of them are going off to guangzhou next week.他們中的多數(shù)人都準(zhǔn)備下星期去廣州。 most of the water is clean. 大部分水是干凈的?！咀⒁狻縨ost of 后的名詞是單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)形式。例如：most of the apple is red. 這個(gè)蘋果大部分是紅的。 3. something與anythingsomething作不定代詞，意為“某事，某物”，多用于肯定句中。在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中常用anything；否定句中常用nothing。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。anything還有

7、“任何事物”的意思。例如：something happens. 有事發(fā)生了。 id like something to eat. 我想吃點(diǎn)東西。 is there anything wrong with your bike? 你自行車是不是出問(wèn)題了? anything is possible. 一切皆有可能?！咀⒁狻浚?）在很有禮貌的問(wèn)某人要吃什么和喝什么時(shí)，應(yīng)該使用something。這是一種特殊的用法。例如：i feel a bit hungry. 我感覺有點(diǎn)兒餓。 why dont you have some bread? 吃些面包怎么樣? would you like somethin

8、g to drink? 想喝點(diǎn)什么嗎？ （2）在表示請(qǐng)求、建議或征求意見的疑問(wèn)句中常用some或something。在表達(dá)“任何”這一含義時(shí)肯定句中常用any或anything。例如：you can get it in any department store. 這東西你在哪個(gè)百貨商店都買得到。 i believe anything he says. 我相信他所說(shuō)的任何話。4. be ready to do sth.be ready to do sth.意為“準(zhǔn)備做某事/愿意做某事”。例如：he is always ready to help others. 他隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備幫助他人。 ill be

9、 ready to leave. 我準(zhǔn)備離開?！就卣埂縝e/get ready for意為“為做準(zhǔn)備”。例如：they are ready for the party. 他們?yōu)榫蹠?huì)做好了準(zhǔn)備。 all the students are getting ready for the sports meeting. 所有學(xué)生都在為運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)做準(zhǔn)備。 5. do some shopping動(dòng)詞do后跟動(dòng)名詞形式構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞作do的賓語(yǔ)，具有名詞性質(zhì)，可以用some或the 修飾。例如：do some reading 閱讀 do some washing 洗涮 do some cooking 做飯 do

10、 some swimming 游泳 do some reading 練習(xí)閱讀 do some listening 練習(xí)聽力6. make a firefire作不可數(shù)名詞，意為“火”。make a fire是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“生火”。例如：keep away with fire. 切勿近火。 we can make a fire to keep the room warm. 我們可以生火讓房間溫暖起來(lái)?！就卣埂坑蒻ake構(gòu)成的詞組有：make noise發(fā)出噪音 make friends交朋友make tea沏茶 make money賺錢make a living謀生 make trouble

11、制造麻煩make a sentence造句 make the bed鋪床make a decision決定 make a speech演講7.job與workwork和job作名詞是同義詞，都有“工作、職業(yè)”的意思。不過(guò)，它們之間還是有些區(qū)別的。（1）job是可數(shù)名詞，指特定工作。work是不可數(shù)名詞，泛指工作。我們可以說(shuō)a job，不能說(shuō)a work。例如：peter has a good job in a bank. 彼得在一家銀行有份很好的工作。 tom changed jobs many times. 湯姆換了很多工作。 looking after three cats is not

12、easy work. 照顧三只貓咪可不是件容易事。（2）上班用英文講是go to work。這是一個(gè)固定搭配，我們不能說(shuō)go to a job。例如：my father goes to work at 8 am. 我爸爸八點(diǎn)上班。（3）job只能用作名詞，work還可以用作動(dòng)詞，不僅有“上班、工作”的意思，還可以作“努力”或“從事”來(lái)講。例如：both of my parents work. 我父母都工作。 if you work hard, you will speak english well. 只要你努力，你的英語(yǔ)就會(huì)講得很好。 8. elder與olderelder為形容詞old的比較

13、級(jí)形式，意為“年長(zhǎng)的”。同時(shí)old還對(duì)應(yīng)有一個(gè)比較級(jí)形式older，注意二者之間的區(qū)別?！就卣埂縪lder, elder的區(qū)別：（1）older 通常用于比較兩個(gè)人的年齡大小或者兩個(gè)物體之間的新舊程度。例如：he is older than his brother. 他比他的兄弟年長(zhǎng)。 this book is older than that one. 這本書比那一本舊一些。（2）elder專用于同一個(gè)家庭成員之間的長(zhǎng)幼對(duì)比，也有時(shí)指職位、身份較高的人，且只能用于形容人。例如：tom is my elder brother湯姆是我的哥哥。 you are all elder statesmen

14、你們都是政治元老/資深政客。 9. by train/bus/ship/bike結(jié)構(gòu)為“by + 交通工具名稱”構(gòu)成表示交通方式的短語(yǔ)，意為“乘坐”。例如：by bike 騎自行車 by taxi 坐出租車 by train 坐火車【拓展】表示交通方式的其它幾種表達(dá)（1）用“by + 交通工具名詞”表示交通方式。例如：by ca r乘小汽車 by bus 乘公共汽車（2） 用“by + 交通路線的位置”來(lái)表示交通方式。例如：by wate 由水路 by land 從陸路 by sea 從海路 by air 乘飛機(jī)（3） 用“in/on + 冠詞/形容詞性物主代詞/指示代詞 + 交通工具名詞”表

15、示交通方式。其中，in多用在car等交通工具之前，而on多用在bike/horse/bus/train/ship等交通工具之前，它們的用法與“by + 交通工具名詞”的用法相同。例如：she often goes to school on a/her bike.= she often goes to school by bike. 她經(jīng)常騎自行車上學(xué)。 they went there on a bus.= they went there by bus. 他們乘公共汽車去那里。（4）用“take + a/the + 交通工具名詞”表示交通方式。例如：take a train 乘火車 take a

16、 bus 乘公共汽車 take a ship 乘船 take a plane 乘飛機(jī)【注意】“騎自行車”要翻譯為“ride a bike”。10. worry about（1）worry可用作不及物動(dòng)詞或及物動(dòng)詞。作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“使煩惱，使擔(dān)憂”。作不及 物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“發(fā)愁，擔(dān)心，煩惱”，常與介詞about連用。例如：whats worrying you? 什么事使你煩惱？ dont worry about me. 不要為我擔(dān)心。 your parent is coming, dont worry. 你的家長(zhǎng)就要來(lái)了，不要擔(dān)心。（2）worry about sb./sth. 意為“為某人

17、/某事而焦慮、煩惱、擔(dān)心，擔(dān)心某人/某事”。例如：dont worry about me. 不要為我擔(dān)心。 she worries about little things. 他為一些小事而煩惱?！就卣埂縲orry about與be worried aboutworry about強(qiáng)調(diào)“擔(dān)心”的動(dòng)作，worry為動(dòng)詞；be worried about側(cè)重“擔(dān)心”的狀態(tài)，worried為形容詞。例如：your mother will worry about you. 你媽媽會(huì)擔(dān)心你。 mrs. brown is always worried about her son. 布朗夫人總是為她的兒子擔(dān)心

18、。二、句式精講1. where are you going?（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)）be going此處為“現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)”?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)主要用于表示按計(jì)劃或安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常有“意圖”“安排”或“打算”的含義。這種現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)比較生動(dòng)，給人一種期待感。go, come, leave等表示位移的動(dòng)詞，都可以用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)。例如：he is going. 他要走了。 im coming. 我要來(lái)了。 tom is leaving. 湯姆要走了。 2. “be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”表將來(lái)be going to意為“計(jì)劃，打算”，后接動(dòng)詞原形，用于表將來(lái)。例如：im going t

19、o wash the car if i have time. 若有時(shí)間我想洗洗車。 where are we going to stay tonight? 我們今晚住哪里？ 3. help sb. with sth.help sb with sth.意為“幫助某人做某事”。例如：i have to help my parents with the housework. 我得幫助我的父母做家務(wù)。 can you help me with the work? 你能幫助我做這項(xiàng)工作嗎？【拓展】與help相關(guān)的固定用法：（1）help sb (to) do sth. 意為“幫助某人做某事”。例如：so

20、metimes i help my mother do the cooking. 有時(shí)候我?guī)臀夷赣H做飯。（2）help oneself (to)意為“自用（食物）等”。例如：help yourself to some fish. 請(qǐng)隨便吃些魚。（3）with the help of意為“在的幫助下”。此處help作名詞。例如：with the help of her, he found his lost child. 在她的幫助下，他找到了他失蹤的孩子。4. there is something wrong with sth.句型there is something wrong with st

21、h.意為“某物壞（失靈）了”。相當(dāng)于something is not working well.，還可以用something is broken.替換。例如：there is something wrong with my watch. 我的手表壞了。 here is something wrong with my eyes. 我的眼睛出毛病了。【拓展】there is nothing wrong with sth.“某物沒有壞/出毛病”。 is there anything wrong with sth.“某物出故障了嗎？”例如： there is nothing wrong with yo

22、ur computer. 你的電腦沒問(wèn)題。 is there anything wrong with my legs? 我的腿有毛病嗎？ 5. youre welcome.youre welcome.意為“不用謝”。是對(duì)別人致謝時(shí)的答語(yǔ)。與其用法相同的還有：thats all right. /that s ok./not at all.等。例如：thanks for your help. 謝謝你的幫助。youre welcome. 不用謝?！就卣埂縲elcome也可作動(dòng)詞，表示“歡迎”。例如：they welcomed him with flowers. 他們用鮮花歡迎他的到來(lái)。d:語(yǔ)法（一）

23、、基本概念表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與一些表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。例如：i am going to / will watch a football match on tv this evening 今天晚上我將在電視上看一場(chǎng)足球比賽。 （二）、基本結(jié)構(gòu)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)一般由“助動(dòng)詞will+動(dòng)詞原形”或“be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。will是助動(dòng)詞，不能獨(dú)立使用，前面的主語(yǔ)不管是什么人稱，其后總用will。在名詞或代詞后常簡(jiǎn)縮為ll，并與主語(yǔ)連寫在一起。will的否定形式是will not，縮略形式是wont。 （三）、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一般將來(lái)時(shí)常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomor

24、row, tonight, the day after tomorrow, next week (month, year ), this afternoon, evening , soon, in the year 2020, in + 時(shí)間段等。例如：tom will come back in two days湯姆兩天后回來(lái)。 ill be more careful from now on從現(xiàn)在起我會(huì)更加小心的。 （四）、基本句型(1)肯定句1）主語(yǔ)+will+動(dòng)詞原形+其他 he will come here at once他馬上來(lái)這兒。2）主語(yǔ)+be going to+動(dòng)詞原形+其他we

25、 are going to climb the hill this afternoon我們打算今天下午去爬山。(2)否定句1）主語(yǔ)+ will + not + 動(dòng)詞原形+其他he will not(wont)go to the party他不去參加聚會(huì)。2）主語(yǔ)+be + not + going to+動(dòng)詞原形+其他he isnt going to do morning exercises tomorrow明天他不去做早操。(3)一般疑問(wèn)句1）will+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?will he help you with your english? 他會(huì)幫助你學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)嗎?2）be動(dòng)詞(am，is，

26、are)+主語(yǔ)+going to+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?are you going to play computer games tomorrow afternoon?你打算明天下午玩電腦游戲嗎?(4)特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句?what will the students have for lunch today? 學(xué)生們今天午飯吃什么?they will have bread他們將吃面包。 （五）、注意的問(wèn)題（1）主語(yǔ)是第一人稱i; we 時(shí)，常用助動(dòng)詞 shall + 動(dòng)詞原形。否定形式是shall 后加not構(gòu)成，shall not可縮寫成shant。例如：we shall be ver

27、y happy if you accept it. 如果你接受了它，我們將會(huì)很高興。 i shall write you a letter next month. 下個(gè)月我會(huì)給你寫信。 we shant be in the same room all day. 我們不會(huì)整天待在同一房間里。（2）在問(wèn)對(duì)方是否愿意, 或表示客氣的邀請(qǐng)時(shí)，常用 will。例如：will you go to the zoo with me? 你愿意和我去動(dòng)物園嗎？ will you please open the door? 請(qǐng)打開門好嗎？（3）在表示建議或征求對(duì)方意見時(shí)，用 shall。例如：shall we go

28、 at ten? 我們?cè)?0:00走好嗎？ （六）、there be句型與含有will和be going to的一般將來(lái)時(shí)（1）there be句型與含有will的一般將來(lái)時(shí)基本結(jié)構(gòu)：there will be +名詞+其他成分例如：there will be only one country in the future. 未來(lái)會(huì)只有一個(gè)國(guó)家。（2）there be句型與含有be going to的一般將來(lái)時(shí)基本結(jié)構(gòu)：there is / are going to be +名詞+其他成分(注意句型中g(shù)oing to 后面的be不能改為have。) 常用來(lái)表示將有某事發(fā)生。例如：there is

29、 going to be a football match next saturday in our school. 下周六我們學(xué)校將有一場(chǎng)足球比賽。 注意：無(wú)論后面加單數(shù)名詞或名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，be都必須用原形。 （七）、be going to與will 的區(qū)別（1）be going to 表示近期、眼下就要發(fā)生的事情，will 表示的將來(lái)時(shí)間則較遠(yuǎn)一些。例如：he is going to write a letter tonight. 今晚他打算寫一封信。 he will write a book one day. 有一天他會(huì)寫一本書。（2）be going to 表示根據(jù)主觀判斷將來(lái)肯定發(fā)

30、生的事情，will表示客觀上將來(lái)勢(shì)必發(fā)生的事情。例如：i think our team is going to win the game. 我認(rèn)為我們隊(duì)會(huì)贏得比賽。 he will be twenty years old next year. 明年他就20歲了。（3）be going to含有“計(jì)劃，準(zhǔn)備”的意思，而will則沒有這個(gè)意思。例如：im going to spend my holiday in a village. 我打算在一個(gè)小村子里度假。 he will be here in half an hour. 他一小時(shí)后到達(dá)這里。（4）在有條件從句的主句中，一般不用 be goin

31、g to, 而多用will。例如：well have a picnic if my father is free. 如果我父親有空，我們會(huì)去野餐。（5）be going to 表示根據(jù)目前跡象推斷將要發(fā)生的事情，而在沒有跡象表明的情況下進(jìn)行的猜測(cè)用“will和be going to”皆可。例如：look at the clouds. its going to rain. 你看天上的云。快下雨了。 my god! we are going to crash. 天哪！我們快撞車了。 i think the weather will be nice. i think the weather is g

32、oing to be nice.我想天會(huì)變晴朗的。二、課后練習(xí)a:單項(xiàng)選擇( )1. im busy today. i have lots of things_. a. do b. to do c. does d. doing( )2. i have_ money in my pocket. a. any b. not c. none d. no( )3. how many girls are there in the classroom?_. a. not any b. none c. no d. anybody( )4. i went to the park_ yesterday. a.

33、on a bicycle b. by the bicycle c. in a bicycle d. by bicycles( )5.the bicycle_ me 300 yuan. a. spent b. took c. left d. cost( )6. they didnt leave_ 10 oclock last night. a. when b. to c. until d. after( )7. _ of them_ in the city. a. no one, are b. none, is c. no, is d. no one, is( )8._ pieces of br

34、ead_ in the box. a. how many, is there b. how much, is there c. how many, are there d. how much, are there( )9. he is still hungry, he wants to have_ milk. a. one more b. another one c. some more d. many more( )10. we cant wait_ our teacher from the usa. a. see b. seeing c. to see d. for seeing( )11

35、. it took me two hours_ to the hospital yesterday. a. walked b. walking c. walks d. to walk( )12. the shop that is_ to my home is often_ at 9:30 p.m. a. close, close b. closed, closed c. close, closed d. close, closes( )13._ is very difficult. a. lesson fifth b. the lesson fifth c. five lesson d. th

36、e fifth lesson( )14. john, hurry up! you are_ over the phone. a. asked b. hoped c. answered d. wanted( )15. the computer doesnt work. im afraid you_ use it today. a. may b. cant c. neednt d. mustnt( )16. happy birthday, tom. _. a. with pleasure b. thanks a lot c. you too d. the same to you( )17. whi

37、ch would you like to drink, tea or coffee?_. id like to have some juice. a. none b. neither c. both d. all( )18. its a good school_. a. to study b. to study in it c. to study in d. studying in( )19. i like sleeping late_ every sunday morning. a. in b. on c. at d. /( )20.excuse me, could you tell me_

38、 get to no.1 hospital, please. a. where is b. which is to c. how can i d. how to( )21.lets go to the cinema,_? a. shall we b. will you c. are you d. do you( )22.there is _ food in the fridge. a. none b. no c. not d. no any( )23. he was very surprised. he couldnt open the car of_. a. his owns b. he o

39、wn c. he owns d. his own( )24. when shall we meet, this evening or this afternoon? i dont mind._ time is ok. a. both b. every c. all d. either( )25. of the three men, one is a worker, _ two are masters. a. the others b. the other c. others d. other ( )26.how much these tomatoes? two yuan. a. is b. a

40、re c. be d. will be( )27.we have eggs in the fridge. a. none b. much c. three kilos d. no( )28.my father usually me the park on saturday. a. brings, with. b. takes, with c. takes, t o d. takes with( )29.there is “h” and “u” in the word “house”. a. a, a b. an, a c. an, an d .a, an( )30.how many books

41、 can you buy the money? a. with b. about c. on d. about( )31.this is not _ book ,its _. a.you, herb. your , her c. your , hers d. yours ,hers( )32.jim got a full mark in the exam. that great! a. sounds b. listens c. hears d. listen to( )33.he is a guider. he is going to show us this big factory. a.

42、in b. at c. around d. off( )34.kate often helps her mother some cooking. a. do b. does c. doing d. is doing( )35.my mother is busy today. there are many clothes after work. a. washes b. washing c. to wash d. wash( )36.why dont you _our local theatre? a. to visit b. visit c. visiting d. visits ( )37.

43、 we shall _at 9 a.m. to enjoy a full day there. a. be there b. there c. is there d. are there( )38. sheep there on the farm? a. how many; is b. how many; are c. how much; is d. how much; are( )39. miss green teaches english. a. us b. our c. we d. ours( )40. we often have _homework to do on sunday. a

44、. too many b. many too c. much too d. too much( )41.he has books, but i have . a. many, no b. much, none c. many, none d. much, no( )42. bags of beef do you need? a. what b. how many c. how much d. which( )43.china is japan, korea and russia. a. close b. far c. close to d. next( )44.they held party

45、last sunday. party was lots of fun. a. a, the, a b. the , the, a c. a, the,/ d. a, the, the( )45.would you like to go swimming with me? . a. yes, i like to b. yes, i'd love to c. yes, i will d. yes, i would likeb:詞形變換 1. what about_(go) camping with us?2. would you like_(eat) some bread for brea

46、kfast?3. jim is a_(wait) of a restaurant.4. please ask him_(call) me this evening.5. when summer comes, they like going_(swim) in the river.6. there are a lot of clothes_(wash) in the house.7. im_(friend) to my students.8. why not_(buy) some souvenirs here?9. he lives on the_(twenty) floor.10. in he

47、r_(fifty), she wrote a lot of books.11. i dont think its a wonderful place_(play).12. all the children looked_(happy) at the fashion show.13. there is always a lot of homework for me_(do) at weekends.14. it often takes me 40 minutes_(ride) back home.15. nick with his family usually_(play) football in the school.16. lots of animals lost their_(live) area because of the serious population.17. people think he is one of the greatest_(i