采礦專業(yè)英語詞匯

1、第四篇 漢英常用采礦工程詞匯（分類按漢語拼音順序排列）煤柱尺寸 pillar dimension灰色關(guān)聯(lián)分析 gray relationship analysis地質(zhì)構(gòu)造 geological tectonic水文地質(zhì) hydrogeology極不規(guī)則煤層 extremely anomalistic coal seam預(yù)緊力、預(yù)應(yīng)力 pre-tightening force, pre-stress含水的 hydrous水力采煤 hydraulic cutting coal主（副）井 main (auxiliary) shaft敏感性 sensitivity國內(nèi)外 at home and abr

2、oad瓦斯抽放 gas drainage機(jī)電一體化 mechanical-electrical integration穩(wěn)定性 stability微地震 micro-seism動載 dynamic loading流變特征 rheological characteristic蠕變 creep人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò) artificial neural network定位 orientation保水開采 mining without detroying water resource高壓注水 water injection with high pressure中硬煤層 medium hard coal seam層

3、次分析法 hierarchy anallysis proceeding煤與瓦斯突出 coal and gas bursting模糊綜合評判 fuzzy comprehensive evaluation綜（放）采工作面 full-mechanized (caving) mining face炮采工作面 blasting mining face機(jī)采工作面 mechanized mining face（急）傾斜煤層 (steeply) inclined coal seam走向 strike傾向 direction dip,dip,inclination礦山壓力 underground pressur

4、e支承壓力 abutment pressure上覆巖層 overlying rock strata薄、中厚、厚煤層 thin,medium thick,thick coal seam（松散）含水層 (loose) aquifer裂縫帶 crack zone垮落帶 caving zone頂、底板 roof,floor頂煤 top coal（掩護(hù)式）液壓支架 (shield) powered support割煤機(jī) coal cutter刮板機(jī) scrapper膠帶輸送機(jī) belt conveyor片幫 coal slide冒頂 roof fall巖爆（礦震、沖積礦壓）rock burst自燃 sp

5、ontaneous combustion防水（砂）煤柱 water(sand)-proof coal pillar陷落柱 collapse column煤（巖）巷 coal(rock) roadway沿空巷道 roadway along gob圍巖 surrounding rock突水 water bursting"三軟" soft roof,soft coal,soft floor地應(yīng)力 ground stress（開采）地表沉陷 (mining) surface subsidence高產(chǎn)高效 high production and high efficiency回風(fēng)巷

6、ventilation roadway運(yùn)輸巷 transportation roadway火成巖（巖漿巖）igneous rock厚沖積層 thick alluvium條帶開采 strip mining移動、變形 movement,distortion極限平衡區(qū) limit equilibrium area可靠性，可行性，合理性，適應(yīng)性 reliability, feasibility, rationality,adaptability采出率、回收率 mining rate,recovery rate埋管注氮 nitrogen injection with buried pipe復(fù)合頂板 co

7、mbined roof斷層 fault噴漿 grouting動壓 dynamic pressure地質(zhì)災(zāi)害 geological disasterEH-4電導(dǎo)率成像系統(tǒng) EH-4 electro-conducibility imaging system透氣性（滲透性）permeability傾向性 liability井下 underground設(shè)備配套 equipment match選型設(shè)計(jì) lectotype design撤架 dismantling supports加固 reinforcing安全閥 safety valve積水 seeper柔性支架 flexible support偽斜

8、apparent dip絞車房 hoist room(winder chamber)暗立（斜）井 blind (slope) shaft底臌 floor heave破碎頂板 cracked roof解放層 protective coal seam電阻應(yīng)變儀 resistance strain instument坑口電廠 pithead power plant1煤炭科學(xué)技術(shù)總論采礦系統(tǒng)工程mining system engineering采礦系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化模型model of mining system optimization采礦巖石學(xué)mining rock mechanics采煤coal mini

9、ng, coal extraction, coal getting 采煤學(xué)coal mining地下開采underground mining矸石refuse, waste, dirt, debris固體可燃礦產(chǎn)solid combustible mineral褐煤lignite, brown coal化石燃料fossil fuel潔凈煤技術(shù)clean coal technology礦underground mine礦床模型model of mineral deposits礦井underground mine礦井通風(fēng)學(xué)mine ventilation, underground ventilati

10、on 礦區(qū)mining area礦山mine礦山測量學(xué)mine surveying礦山電氣工程mine electric engineering, mine electro-technics礦山機(jī)械工程mine mechanical engineering礦山建設(shè)mine construction礦山提升學(xué)mine hoisting, winding 礦山運(yùn)輸學(xué)mine transportation, mine haulage 礦田mine filed露天開采, '露天開采學(xué)surface mining露天礦surface mine煤coal煤當(dāng)量coal equivalent煤的綜合

11、利用comprehensive utilization of coal, coal utilization煤化學(xué)coal chemistry煤礦coal mine, colliery煤礦安全mine safety煤礦機(jī)械coal mine machinery煤轉(zhuǎn)化coal conversion煤炭地下技術(shù)underground coal gasification煤炭環(huán)境保護(hù)coal environmental control, environmental protection in coalmining煤炭技術(shù)coal technology煤炭加工coal processing煤炭科學(xué)coal

12、 science煤田coalfield煤田地質(zhì)勘探coal exploration, coal prospecting煤田地質(zhì)學(xué)coal geology煤巖學(xué)coal petrology石煤stone-like coal無煙煤anthracite選煤coal preparation, coal cleaning煙煤bituminous coal硬煤hard coal2地質(zhì)測量A級儲量grade A reservesB級儲量grade B reservesC級儲量grade C reservesD級儲量grade D reserves邊界角limit angle采場驗(yàn)收測量pit accepta

13、nce survey采出率ratio recovery采動系數(shù)factor of full extraction采掘工程平面圖mine map采煤工作面測量coal face survey采區(qū)測量mining district survey采區(qū)聯(lián)系測量transfer survey in mining district超前影響角advance angle of influence沉井鑿井法施工測量construction survey for drop shaft sinking充分采動full subsidence, critical/supercritical extraction充分采動

14、角ZHANGCHIZZubsidence儲量管理reserves management導(dǎo)入高程測量elevation transfer survey導(dǎo)水?dāng)嗔褞ater conducted zone點(diǎn)下對中centering under roof station地表移動surface movement, ground movement地表移動觀測站observation station of ground movement地表移動盆地subsidence trough, subsidence basin頂板測點(diǎn)roof station定向連接測量connection survey for sh

15、aft orientation定向連接點(diǎn)connection point for shaft orientation動用儲量mining-employed reserves凍結(jié)鑿井法施工測量construction survey for shaft sinking by freezing method斷層幾何制圖fault geometrisation斷裂帶fractured zone防水煤巖柱safety pillar under water-bodies非充分采動subcritical extraction剛性結(jié)構(gòu)措施structure rigidity-strengthening mea

16、sures工業(yè)場地平面圖mine yard plan貫通測量holing-through survey光電測距導(dǎo)線EDM traverse拐點(diǎn)偏移距deviation of inflection point滑動層sliding layer緩沖溝buffer trench灰分等值線圖isogram of ash content回采煤量workable reserves激光指向laser guide幾何定向orientation by shaft plumbing近井點(diǎn)near shaft control point井底車場平面圖shaft bottom plan井上下對照圖location ma

17、p, site plan井田區(qū)域地形圖topographic map of underground mine field井筒煤柱開采shaft pillar extraction井筒延深測量shaft deepening survey井下測量underground survey井下平面控制測量underground horizontal control survey開采沉陷mining subsidence開拓煤量developed reserves抗變形建筑物deformation resistant structure垮落帶caving zone礦區(qū)控制測量control survey o

18、f mining area礦山工程測量mine survey礦體幾何學(xué)geometry of ore deposits礦體幾何制圖geometrisation of ore deposits礦田區(qū)域地形圖topographic map of mine field立井定向shaft orientation立井施工測量construction survey for shaft sinking立井十字中線標(biāo)定 setting out cross line of shaft center立井中心標(biāo)定setting out shaft center聯(lián)系測量transfer survey連接三角形法con

19、nection triangle method裂縫角angle of break臨界變形值critical deformation values露天礦測量open-pit survey煤層等厚線圖isothickness map of coal seam煤層等深線圖isobath map of coal seam煤層褶皺幾何制圖fold geometrisation of coal seam瞄直法alignment method逆轉(zhuǎn)點(diǎn)法reversal point method柔性結(jié)構(gòu)措施structure yielding measures三量Three Class of Reserves設(shè)

20、計(jì)損失allowable loss實(shí)際損失儲量actual loss of reserves水平移動系數(shù)displacement factor損失率loss percentage投點(diǎn)shaft plumbing陀螺方位角gyroscopic azimuth陀螺經(jīng)緯儀定向gyroscopic orientation survey彎曲帶sagging zone圍護(hù)帶safety berm下沉系數(shù)subsidence factor巷道坡度線標(biāo)定sitting out roadway gradient巷道碎部測量detail survey for mine workings巷道驗(yàn)收測量footage

21、measurement of roadway巷道中線標(biāo)定setting out center line of roadway巖層移動strata movement移動角angle of critical deformation移動盆地主斷面major cross-section of subsidence trough影響傳播角propagation angle中天法transit method主要影響半徑major influence radius主要影響角正切tangent of major influence angle注漿鑿井法施工測量construction survey for g

22、routing sinking準(zhǔn)備煤量prepared reserves鉆井鑿井法施工測量construction survey for shaft boring最大下沉角angle of maximum subsidence最大下沉速度角angle of maximum subsidence velocity3地下開采安全平盤safety berm安全水頭safety water head暗井blind shaft, staple shaft薄煤層thin seam爆破采煤工藝blast-winning technology爆破裝煤blasting loading變形壓力rock defor

23、mation pressure閉路供水closed-circuit water supply閉式落煤順序close-type winning sequence不規(guī)則垮落帶irregularly caving zone部分開采partial extraction側(cè)支撐壓力side abutment pressure采場延伸pit deepening采動裂隙mining-induced fissure采動應(yīng)力mining-induced stress采垛winning-block采垛角angle of winning-block采段extracting zone采段流煤上山extracting b

24、lock coal-water rise采高mining height采掘帶cut采掘區(qū)block采寬cut width采礦站ore station采空區(qū)goaf, gob, waste采裝loading采煤方法coal wining method, coal mining method采煤工作面coal face, working face采區(qū)district, panel采區(qū)車場district station, district inset采區(qū)準(zhǔn)備preparation in district采區(qū)設(shè)計(jì)mining-district design, panel design采區(qū)上山dist

25、rict rise采區(qū)石門district cross-cut采區(qū)下山district dip倉儲采煤法shrinkage stoping長壁放頂采煤法longwall mining with sublevel caving長壁工作面longwall face超前巷道advance heading充采比stowing ratio充填倍線stowing gradient充填步距stowing interval充填沉縮率setting ratio充填法stowing method充填能力stowing capacity沖擊地壓rock burst, pressure bump承壓含水層上采煤coa

26、l mining above aquifer初撐力強(qiáng)度setting load density, SLD初次放頂initial caving初次來壓first weighting出氣孔production well出氣強(qiáng)度production well capacity出入溝main access儲量備用系數(shù)reserve factor of mine reserve垂直切片terrace cut slice大巷main roadway帶壓開采mining under safe water pressure of aquifer單側(cè)溝hillside ditch單煤層大巷main roadwa

27、y for single seam單體液壓支柱hydraulic prop倒臺階采煤法overhand mining底板floor底板載荷集度floor load intensity底幫foot slope底部境界線floor boundary line底鼓floor heave地表境界線surface boundary line地下煤氣發(fā)生場underground gasifier地下氣化工作面underground gasification face 地下氣化效率efficiency of underground gasification疊加應(yīng)力superimposed stress頂板r

28、oof頂板單位破碎度specific roof flaking ratio頂板回彈roof rebound頂板垮落roof caving頂板垮落角roof caving angle頂板冒落roof fall頂板破碎度roof flaking ratio頂板弱化roof weakening頂板臺階下沉roof step頂板穩(wěn)定性roof stability頂板壓力roof pressure頂幫top slope頂?shù)装逡平縭oof-to-floor convergence頂?shù)装逡平蕆oof-to-floor convergence ratio動壓巷道workings subject to dy

29、namic pressure動載系數(shù)dynamic load coefficient端幫end slope端面距tip-to-face distance端面冒頂roof flaking短壁采煤法shortwall mining斷壁工作面shortwall face墩柱heavy-duty pier, breaker props房頂柱breaker props房式采煤法room mining, chamber mining房柱式采煤法room and pillar mining封閉圈closed level放采比drawing ratio放頂caving the roof放頂距caving in

30、terval 放煤步距drawing internal放煤順序drawing sequence非工作幫non-working slope非工作幫坡面non working slope face風(fēng)力充填pneumatic stowing分層開采slicing分層巷道slice drift, sliced gateway分帶strip分帶集中斜巷strip main incline drift分帶斜巷strop inclined drift分段sublevel分段平巷sublevel entry, longitudinal subdrift分級提運(yùn)separate transport and ho

31、isting分流站distribution station分期開采mining by stages分區(qū)開采mining by areas分區(qū)域開拓areas development輔助水平subsidiary level矸石帶waste pack, strip pack, interval of moving monitor, unit advance of monitor 高壓大射流high pressure large diameter jet干餾-干燥帶distillation and drying zone工作幫working slope工作幫坡面working slope face工

32、作阻力yield load, working resistance工作面working face工作面頂板控制roof control工作面端頭face end工作面回風(fēng)巷tailentry, tailgate, return airway工作面運(yùn)輸巷headentry, headgate, haulage gateway工作平盤working berm工作線front構(gòu)造裂隙tectonic fissure構(gòu)造應(yīng)力tectonic stress規(guī)則垮落帶regularly caving zone固定路線permanent haulage line管道水力運(yùn)輸pipeline hydrotra

33、nsport橫向前移cross removal恒阻支柱yielding prop厚煤層thick seam后退式開采retreating mining后支撐壓力rear abutment pressure滑移頂梁支架slipping bar composite support還原帶reduction zone緩溝easy access緩慢下沉法gradual sagging method緩斜煤層gently inclined seam回采巷道gateway, entry, gate回柱prop drawing基本頂main roof機(jī)械充填mechanical stowing集中大巷gathe

34、ring main roadway急斜煤層steeply pitching seam, steep seam堅(jiān)硬巖層strong strata, hard strata間斷開采工藝discontinuous mining technology架后充填backfill建筑物下開采coal mining under buildings階段horizon階段垂高h(yuǎn)orizon interval階段流煤上山extracting block coal-water roadway階段流煤巷main coal-water rise階段斜長inclined length of horizon近距離煤層cont

35、iguous seams近水平煤層flat seam井田尺寸underground mine field size井田境界underground mine field boundary井田開拓undergroundmine field development靜壓巷道workings subject to static pressure掘進(jìn)率drivage ratio局部冒頂partial roof fall開采水平mining level, gallery level開采水平垂高lift, level interval開路供水open-circuit water supply開切眼open-o

36、ff cut開式落煤順序open-type winning sequence開拓巷道development roadway抗壓入強(qiáng)度press-in strength垮采比caving-height ratio垮落法caving method跨采over-the-roadway extraction礦井初步設(shè)計(jì)preliminary undergroundmine design礦井服務(wù)年限undergroundmine life礦井井型production scale of underground mine礦井開拓設(shè)計(jì)undergroundmine development design礦井可采

37、儲量workable undergroundmine reserves礦井可行性研究undergroundmine feasibility study礦井設(shè)計(jì)undergroundmine design礦井設(shè)計(jì)儲量designed undergroundmine reserves礦井設(shè)計(jì)能力designedundergroundmine capacity礦井施工設(shè)計(jì)undergroundmine construction design礦井延深shaft deepening礦區(qū)地面總體設(shè)計(jì)general surface layout of mining area礦區(qū)規(guī)模mining area c

38、apacity礦區(qū)開發(fā)可行性研究feasibility study forming area exploitation礦區(qū)總體設(shè)計(jì)general design of mining area礦山壓力rock pressure in mine礦山壓力顯現(xiàn)strata behaviors控頂距face width離層bed separation離層帶注漿充填grouting in separated-bed立井開拓vertical shaft development聯(lián)絡(luò)巷crossheading連續(xù)開采工藝continuous mining technology溜井draw shaft溜煤石煤coa

39、l-water cross-cut溜眼chute臨界滑面critical sliding surface漏頂face roof collapse with cavity錨梁網(wǎng)支護(hù)roof bolting with bar and wire mesh煤壁wall煤層產(chǎn)出能力coal-seam productive capacity煤房room, chamber煤漿coal slurry煤門in-seam cross-cut煤面清掃cleaning煤水泵slurry pump煤水比coal-water ratio煤水倉coal-slurry sump煤水洞室coal slurry preparat

40、ion room煤炭地下氣化站underground coal gasification station煤巖固化coal/rock reinforcement煤柱coal pillar煤柱支撐法pillar supporting method明槽水力運(yùn)輸flume hydrotransport摩檫支柱frictional prop逆向沖采contrary efflux片幫rib spalling, sloughing平盤berm平硐開拓drift development平行推進(jìn)parallel advance破煤coal breaking, coal cutting破碎頂板fractured

41、roof, friable roof普氏系數(shù)Protodyakonov coefficient普通機(jī)械化采煤工conventionally-mechanized coal winning technology氣化貫通linkage氣囊支架air-bag support前進(jìn)式開采advancing mining前支撐壓力front abutment pressure強(qiáng)制放頂forced caving傾倒toppling傾斜長壁采煤法longwall mining to the dip or to the rise傾斜短壁水力采煤法shortwall hydraulic mining in the

42、 dip傾斜分層采煤法inclined slicing切口stable, niche區(qū)段district sublevel區(qū)段集中平巷district sublevel gathering entry, district main entry區(qū)段平巷district sublevel entry, district longtudinal subdrift區(qū)域性切冒extensive roof collapse全柱開采full pillar extraction柔性掩護(hù)支架flexible shield support人工頂板artificial roof入換spotting, train e

43、xchange 入換站exchange station三下"開采"coal mining under buildings, railways and water-bodies掃清平盤cleaning berm山坡露天采場mountain surface mine射流打擊力jet impact force射流燭心動壓力jet axis dynamical pressure扇型推進(jìn)fan advance上覆巖層overlying strata上裝upper level loading上山rise, raise 上挖up digging上行式開采ascending mining上

44、行式開采upward mining十字定梁cross bar石門cross-cut始采線beginning line, mining starting line雙工作面double-unit face, double face水采回采巷道stopping entry水力采煤hydraulic coal mining technology水平分層采煤法horizontal slicing水平分段放頂采煤法top-sliming system of sublevel caving水平切片dropping cut slice水槍monitor水體下采煤coal mining under water-

45、bodies松動壓力broken-rock pressure松軟巖層weak strata松軟巖層soft strata塌落fall臺階坡面線bench angle掏槽slotting挑頂roof ropping特種支柱specific props鐵路下開采coal mining under railways推垮型冒頂thrust roof fall往復(fù)式開采reciprocating mining挖底floor dinting挖掘系數(shù)excavation factor圍巖surrounding rock圍巖穩(wěn)定性stability of surrounding rock偽頂false roo

46、f偽傾斜柔性掩護(hù)支架采煤法 flexible shield mining in the false dip偽斜長壁采煤法oblique longwall mining喂煤機(jī)coal feeder無井式地下氣化法shaftless gasification無煤柱護(hù)巷non-chain-pillar entry protection無特種柱放頂caving without specific props, caving without breaker props 無支柱距prop-free front distance下裝lower lever loading下山dip下挖down digging下

47、行式開采descending mining, downward mining巷道斷面縮小率roadway reduction ratio巷旁充填roadside packing巷旁支護(hù)roadside support限厚開采limited thickness extraction限制區(qū)間limit section協(xié)調(diào)開采harmonic extraction斜井開拓inclined shaft development斜切分層采煤法oblique slicing旋轉(zhuǎn)式推進(jìn)revolving mining，turning longwall循環(huán)working cycle循環(huán)進(jìn)度advance of

48、working cycle循環(huán)平均阻力time-weighted mean resistance循環(huán)平均阻力mean load per unit cycle巖層控制strata control巖石內(nèi)摩檫角internal friction angle of rock巖石軟化系數(shù)softening factor of rock巖石碎脹系數(shù)bulking factor, swell factor巖石粘聚力rock cohesion巖應(yīng)力降低區(qū)stress-relaxed area氧化帶oxidation zone沿空巷道gob-side entry掩護(hù)支架采煤法shield mining移道步距s

49、hift spacing移動坑線temporary working ramp移動線路shiftable haulage line應(yīng)力增高區(qū)stress-concentrated area迎山角prop-setting angle有井式地下氣化法shaft gasification有效支撐能力practical supporting capacity原巖virgin rock, virgin rock mass原巖應(yīng)力initial stress, stress in virgin rock mass員生裂隙initial fissure運(yùn)輸大巷main haulage roadway, mai

50、n haulageway運(yùn)輸平盤haulage berm增阻支柱late bearing prop再倒退overcasting再生頂板mat, regenerated roof整層開采full-seam mining正臺階采煤法heading-and-bench mining支撐效率supporting efficiency支撐壓力abutment pressure支垛crib支護(hù)剛度support rigidity支護(hù)強(qiáng)度supporting intensity支架可縮量nominal yield of support支柱密度prop density直接頂immediate roof, ne

51、ther roof直進(jìn)坑線straight ramp中厚煤層medium-thick seam中斜煤層inclined seam, pitching seam終采線terminal line周期來壓periodic weighting主石門main cross-cut主要上山main rise主要下山main dip注砂井storage-mixed bin準(zhǔn)備巷道preparation roadway自然平衡拱dome of natural equilibrium, natural arch自重充填gravity stowing自重應(yīng)力gravity stress綜合機(jī)械化采煤工藝fully-

52、mechanized coal winning technology綜合開采工藝combined mining technology綜合開拓combined development 總回風(fēng)巷main return airway縱向前移longitudinal removal走向長壁采煤法longwall mining on the strike走向短壁水力采煤法shortwall hydraulic mining on the strike組合臺階bench group4礦山機(jī)械工程安全絞車safety winch安全制動safety braking, emergency braking扒爪c

53、ollecting-arm耙斗scraper bucket耙斗裝載機(jī)slusher, gathering-arm loader, collecting-arm loader, gathering-arm, scraper loader耙式濃縮機(jī)rake thickener包角wrap angle, angle of contact刨刀bit, plough cutter刨鏈plough chain刨煤機(jī)kohlenhobel, coal loader, plough, plow刨頭plough head刨削阻力ploughing resistance刨削深度ploughing depth刨削速度ploughing speed本架控制local control變位質(zhì)量equivalent