初一介詞詳解及練習(xí)題

1、初一介詞講解及練習(xí)介詞: 介詞是虛詞，不能獨(dú)立充當(dāng)句子成分介詞短語(yǔ)能夠充當(dāng)句子成分介詞短語(yǔ)二介詞+介詞賓語(yǔ)名詞、賓格代詞、動(dòng)名詞等充當(dāng)根據(jù)詞形，介詞分為三類：1簡(jiǎn)單介詞：in, on, from, at, for合成介詞： upon, in to, onto, in side, without成語(yǔ)介詞：由兩個(gè)以上單詞合成。in front of, in the middle of, on topof一、常用固定搭配的介詞短語(yǔ)形式1. 動(dòng)詞 + 介詞 look like; look at; talk to; think of2. be + 形容詞 + 介詞 be surprised at; be

2、 afraid of3. be + 名詞 + 介詞 be mad at sb; the key to; the way to4. 介詞+名詞at work;at home; atschool;at last; on the farm5. 介詞+名詞+ 介詞in front of; at theage of; at the end of6. 介詞+動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ) after leavingschool;after finishing it7. 介詞+代詞for her;from eachother;after him8. 其他詞 + 介詞 in stead of; because of; accor

3、d ing to舉例：1. Shelooks like her mother.2. Your coat looks very ni ce. Whats it made of?3. Would you please show methe way to_the bank?4. My father is working at the office .5. Don'stanQin front of the car. It'too dangerous.6. Please tide your schoolbagefore leav ing school.7. It is dan gerou

4、sfor her to swim along.8. What a n ice day! We should go sightsee ingn stead of watchi ng TV in the hotel.常用介詞用法：in的用法：1. in on at的用法區(qū)別：in表示一日中上午、下午、晚上或周、月、季、年on表示日、周日或特定某日中的一段時(shí)間at表示點(diǎn)鐘，一日中的黎明、中午、黃昏、半夜等in the evening, in the week, in August, in spring, in 2021, in three dayson Monday, on May the firs

5、t, on a rainy day, on July 10, 2021at five,at ni ght,2. in into in side的用法區(qū)別；He spe nt about 21 hours in space.China sent a man into space.Yang Liwei was in side.in的用法比較多，在這里只講這三個(gè)有共同的意識(shí)：在.里的區(qū)別in在上面句子里是介詞，表示在 里in to強(qiáng)調(diào)由外及內(nèi)的過(guò)程，而in不強(qiáng)調(diào)in side 在里面，有名詞，介詞，形容詞，副詞用法，在上面句子里是名詞，而 in 不能表示這種意識(shí)3. in 與 after 的用法區(qū)別

6、；We went there in six days. 過(guò) 去時(shí)中 in 表時(shí)間內(nèi) We went there after six days.過(guò)去時(shí)中 after表.時(shí)間后We often do our homework after school. 固定詞組 , after class; after supper 等After fin ishi ng his homework, he went to bed. after+動(dòng)名詞He will come in two days. 將來(lái)時(shí)中 in 表時(shí)間后He will come within two days. 將來(lái)時(shí) within 表時(shí)間內(nèi)M

7、y mother often goes to work after 8 o 'lock.現(xiàn)在時(shí)中 after+ 時(shí)間 點(diǎn)表時(shí)間后 4. i n ,on在上on 表示兩個(gè)物體的接觸，但不表深度，如墻上的黑板、地圖、圖畫(huà)in表示在上必須具有某種深度，如墻上的門、窗、洞等on 打在某人的頭上、腿上、鼻子上等in 打在某人的臉上、腹部等on the tree 樹(shù)上長(zhǎng)出的東西in the tree 用來(lái)指外界的人、動(dòng)物在樹(shù)上5. in with 的用法：in 后所用的材料 in ink; in pencil;Don'twrite a letter in pencil.with 后加所用的

8、工具 He does his homework with a pencil.6. in dress wearThe girl in the hat is my friend. in 或 be in 表狀態(tài) She had on a red dress. have o表 狀態(tài)He ofte n wears a sweater. wea表 狀態(tài)Here is a coat for you. Y oUd better put it on. put on 表動(dòng)作She got up and dressed herself quickly. dress s或 dress on eself既 表動(dòng) 作又表

9、狀態(tài) 7. in time 和 on time 的區(qū)別We were just in time for the bus. 及時(shí)The train arrived on time. 準(zhǔn)時(shí)8. in bed, on the bed 的區(qū)別He is ill. He is in bed all day. 臥床，睡覺(jué)A nice box is on the bed. 床上躺著休息或某物在床上9. in on to 的區(qū)別China is in the east of the world.in表示在某一地區(qū)之內(nèi)的某方位Korea is on the east of China. on表示與某地相鄰Jap

10、an is to the east of China. to表示在某一地區(qū)之外的某方位.Taiwan is in the south of China. 臺(tái)灣和大陸雖然以海相隔，但是我國(guó) 的一個(gè)省，要用 in10. in the street 禾口 on the street的用法表示“在街上時(shí)，英國(guó)常用前者，美國(guó)常用后者11. in hospital in the hospitalShe is in hospital. 在住院She is in the hospital.在醫(yī)院工作12. in school 在學(xué)習(xí)at school在學(xué)校；在上課其他詞組：keep in mi nd 牢記be

11、 in con tact with 和和 聯(lián)系with的用法：用工具write with a pencut with knifefill withsee with our eyes表示伴隨狀態(tài)with a wordwith a smilebring sth with sbtake sth with sb固定搭配：with the help ofbe busy with重點(diǎn)句：After the final exam, Peter,.with _her parents,is going to travel to Canada in stead of stay ing at homeall the

12、 time.by的用法：by表示“到之前by seve n o'lockby now by the end of last yearby yesterday by the nBy tomorrow, I 'have the outstanding 出售five percent.到了明天，我將得到未出售的百分之五。by表示“乘交通工具，用方式或方法by busby heartby seaby trainby carby shipby boatby airby on eself by the wayon, by用法：on a bike; on與the, one's,或 a這

13、類限定詞連用by bike; by train不加限定詞by, beside, near, beyond 的用法區(qū)別：by靠近，在近旁beside在旁邊，其距離遠(yuǎn)于“ bynear在附近，距離遠(yuǎn)于 beside,而且范圍大beyo nd在以外練習(xí)一：用 by, beside, near, beyond 填空1. The little girl is sittingher mother.2. There is a white carour school.3. Many shops are our home.4. our city there is a river.練習(xí)二：1. The post

14、office is the police station and the library.A. betweenB. among C. in2. The old woman lives a small village. It is two hills.A. in, among B. at, among C. at, between D. in, between3. I can't finish my work your help.A. withB. withoutC. in4. Thank you me to have dinner.A. for inviteB. of inviteC.

15、 for inviting5. He would like to walk the jungle 叢林 on vacation.A. acrossB. cross C. through6. It 's dangerous to go the street now.A. acrossB. cross C. through7. The young man walked the forest and came to a big river at last.A. acrossB. cross C. through8. Why are you standing, Alice?-I can'

16、;t see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting me.A. behindB. next toC. in front of9. If you do things , usually you can't do them well.A. in a hurryB. from now onC. just now10. She had to sell the house even though it was her own wishes.A. aboveB. againstC. for11. What a nice day! We

17、should go sightseeing watching TV in thehotel.A. because ofB. instead of C. together with12. Your coat looks very nice. Wha'ts it made ?- Cotton, and it is made Wuhan.A. from, inB. of, in C. from, on13. -When and where you born?-I was born October 1st, 1998 Suzhou.A. on, onB. in, inC. on, in14.

18、I really can't see anything. His head is of my view.A. on the wayB. by the wayC. in the way15. There will be many robots people's homes ten years.A. in, /B. in, in C. in, after16. All the workers went home yesterday Mr White. Why?-Because he was on duty.A. exceptB. besidesC. except for17. It 's very kind them to pick me up at the railway station and driveme home.A. forB. toC. of18. A UFO landed _ the Center Street.A. atB. onC. in19. the Spring Festival, the heavy s