動(dòng)機(jī)專業(yè)英語詞匯

1、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)engine內(nèi)燃機(jī)intenal combusiton engine動(dòng)力機(jī)裝置power unit汽油機(jī)gasoline engine汽油噴射式汽油機(jī)gasoline-injection engine火花點(diǎn)火式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)spark ignition engine壓燃式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)compression ignition engine往復(fù)式內(nèi)燃機(jī)reciprocating internal combustion engine化油器式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)carburetor engine柴油機(jī)diesel engine轉(zhuǎn)子發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)rotary engine旋輪線轉(zhuǎn)子發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)rotary trochoidal engin

2、e二沖程發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)two-stroke engine四沖程發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)four-stroke engine直接噴射式柴油機(jī)direct injection engine間接噴射式柴油機(jī)indirect injection engine增壓式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)supercharged engine風(fēng)冷式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)air-cooled engine油冷式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)oil-cooled engine水冷式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)water-cooled engine自然進(jìn)氣式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)naturally aspirated engine煤氣機(jī)gas engine液化石油氣發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)liquified petroleum gas engine柴油煤氣機(jī)di

3、esel gas engine多種燃料發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)multifuel engine石油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)hydrocarbon engine雙燃料發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)duel fuel engine熱球式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)hot bulb engine多氣缸發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)multiple cylinder engine對置活塞發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)opposed piston engine對置氣缸式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)opposed-cylinder engine十字頭型發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)cross head engine直列式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)in-line engine星型發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)radial engine筒狀活塞發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)trunk-piston engine斯特林發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)stirling engi

4、ne套閥式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)knight engine氣孔掃氣式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)port-scavenged engine傾斜式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)slant engine前置式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)front-engine后置式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)rear-engine中置式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)central engine左側(cè)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)left-hand engine右側(cè)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)right-hand engine短沖程發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)oversquare engine長沖程發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)undersquare engine等徑程發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)square engine頂置凸輪軸發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)overhead camshaft engine雙頂置凸輪軸發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)dual overhead camshaft engi

5、neV形發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)V-engine頂置氣門發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)valve in-head engine側(cè)置氣門發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)side valve engine無氣門發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)valveless engine多氣門發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)multi-valve engine臥式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)horizontal engine斜置式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)inclined engine立式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)vertical engineW形發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)w-engineI形發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)I-engineL形發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)L-engineF形發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)F-engine性能performance二沖程循環(huán)two-stroke cycle四沖程循環(huán)four-stroke cycle狄塞爾循環(huán)diesel cycle

6、奧托循環(huán)otto cycle混合循環(huán)mixed cycle定容循環(huán)constant volume cycle工作循環(huán)working cycle等壓循環(huán)constant pressure cycle理想循環(huán)ideal cycle熱力循環(huán)thermodynamic cycle沖程stroke活塞行程piston stroke長行程long stroke上行程up stroke下行程down stroke進(jìn)氣行程intake stroke充氣行程charging stroke壓縮行程compression stroke爆炸行程explosion stroke膨脹行程expansion stroke動(dòng)

7、力行程power stroke排氣行程exhaust stroke膨脹換氣行程expansion-exchange stroke換氣壓縮行程exchange-compression stroke止點(diǎn)dead center上止點(diǎn)top dead center(upper dead center)下止點(diǎn)lower dead center(bottom dead center)上止點(diǎn)前BTDC(before top dead center)上止點(diǎn)后atdc(after top dead cetner)下止點(diǎn)前bbdc(before bottom dead center)下止點(diǎn)后abdc(after

8、bottom dead center)缸徑cylinder bore缸徑與行程bore and stroke空氣室energy chamber氣缸余隙容積cylinder clearance volume燃燒室容積combustion chamber volume氣缸最大容積maximum cylinder volume壓縮室compression chamber排氣量displacement發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)排量engine displacement活塞排量piston swept volume氣缸容量cylinder capacity單室容量single-chamber capacity容積法volu

9、metry壓縮比compression ratio臨界壓縮比critical compression ratio膨脹比expansion ratio面容比surface to volume ratio行程缸徑比stroke-bore ratio混合比mixture ratio壓縮壓力compression pressure制動(dòng)平均有效壓力brake mean effective pressure(bmep)空燃比air fuel ratio燃空比fuel air ratio燃料當(dāng)量比fuel equivalence ratio扭矩torque單缸功率power per cylinder升功率p

10、ower per liter升扭矩torque per liter升質(zhì)量mass per liter 減額功率derating power輸出馬力shaft horsepower馬力小時(shí)，馬力時(shí)horsepower-hour總馬力gross horse power總功率gross power 凈功率net power 燃油消耗量fuel consumption 比燃料消耗率specific fuel consumption空氣消耗率air consumption機(jī)油消耗量oil consumptioneffective thermal efficiency充氣系數(shù)volumetric effi

11、ciency過量空氣系數(shù)coefficient of excess air活塞平均速度mean piston speed發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速engine speed (rotational frequency)怠速轉(zhuǎn)速idling speed經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)速economic speed起動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)速starting speed最低穩(wěn)定工作轉(zhuǎn)速lowest continuous speed with load最大扭矩轉(zhuǎn)速speed at maximum torque最高空轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)速maximum no load governed speed調(diào)速speed governing 超速overspeed怠速idling轉(zhuǎn)速波動(dòng)率

12、speed fluctuation rate工況working condition(operating mode)額定工況declared working condition變工況variable working condition穩(wěn)定工況steady working condition空載no-load全負(fù)荷full load超負(fù)荷氣缸cylinder（轉(zhuǎn)子機(jī)）缸體stator缸徑cylinder bore氣缸體機(jī)架cylinder block frame氣缸蓋cylinder head配氣機(jī)構(gòu)箱valve mechanism ca

13、sing氣缸體隔片cylinder spacer氣缸蓋密封環(huán)cylinder head ring gasket氣缸蓋墊片cylinder head gasket氣缸套cylinder liner(cylinder sleeve)干式缸套dry cylinder liner濕式缸套wet cylinder liner氣缸水套water jacketpower performance排放性能emission performance空轉(zhuǎn)特性no

14、0;load characteristics負(fù)荷特性part throttle characteristics調(diào)速特性governor control characteristics萬有特性mapping characteristics氣缸體和氣缸蓋cylinder block and head氣缸體cylinder block整體鑄造cast inblock (cast enblock)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)罩engine bonnet燃燒室combustion

15、0;chamber主燃燒室main combustion chamber副燃燒室subsidiary combustion chamber預(yù)燃室prechamber渦流燃燒室swirl combustion chamber分開式燃燒室divided combustion chamber渦流式燃燒室turbulence combustion chamber半球形燃燒室hemispherical combustion chamber浴盆形燃燒室bathtub secti

16、on combustion chamberL形燃燒室L-combustion chamber楔形燃燒室wedge-section combustion chamber開式燃燒室open combustion chamber封閉噴射室closed spray chamber活塞頂內(nèi)燃燒室piston chamber爆發(fā)室explosion chamber燃燒室容積比volume ratio of combustion cahmber燃燒室口徑比su

17、rface-volume ratio of combustion chamber通道面積比area ratio of combustion chamber passage曲軸箱通氣口crankcase breather凸輪軸軸承座camshaft bearing bush seat定時(shí)齒輪室罩camshaft drive(gear)cover曲軸箱檢查孔蓋crankcase door曲軸箱防爆門crankcase explosion&#

18、160;proof door主軸承蓋main bearing cap氣缸蓋罩valve mechanism cover飛輪殼flywheel cover掃氣儲(chǔ)器scavenging air receiver活塞piston裙部開槽活塞直接冷卻式活塞direct-cooled piston間接冷卻式活塞indirect cooled piston滑裙活塞slipper piston活塞速度piston speed活塞頂部piston head活塞裙部pist

19、on skirt整體活塞裙solid skirt活塞裙擴(kuò)大襯簧piston skirt expander滑履式活塞裙slipper skirt隔熱槽heat dam活塞標(biāo)記piston mark活塞銷piston pin活塞銷孔piston pin boss活塞銷襯套piston pin bushing全浮式活塞銷full-floating piston pin半浮式活塞銷semifloating piston pin固定螺釘式活塞銷s

20、et screw piston pin活塞環(huán)piston ring組合式活塞環(huán)compound piston ring同心活塞環(huán)concentric piston ring偏心活塞環(huán)eccentric piston ring自由環(huán)free ring閉合環(huán)closed ring梯形環(huán)keystone ring半梯形環(huán)half keystone ring矩形環(huán)rectangular ring油環(huán)oil control r

21、ing開槽油環(huán)凸輪軸軸承camshaft bearing 凸輪軸偏心輪camshaft eccentric凸輪軸鏈輪camshaft sprocket凸輪軸正時(shí)齒輪camshaft timing gear凸輪軸齒輪camshaft gear wheel 進(jìn)口凸輪inlet cam排氣凸輪 exhaust cam快升凸輪quick lift cam快升緩降凸輪quick lift gradual clsing cam凸

22、輪輪廓cam contour凸輪包角cam angle正時(shí)齒輪timing gear鏈傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)chain drive鏈輪sprocket wheel 鏈輪盤chain sprocket正時(shí)鏈條timing chain帶齒皮帶toothed timing belt鏈條張緊輪chain tension gear半速齒輪half speed gear正時(shí)齒輪刻印記號timing gear punch mark氣門valve進(jìn)氣過程i

23、ntake process換氣過程gas exchange process掃氣過程scavenging process給氣比delivery ratio分層充氣stratified charge充量系數(shù)volumetric efficiency渦流比swirl rate進(jìn)氣渦流intake swirl螺旋進(jìn)氣道進(jìn)氣helical duct intake導(dǎo)流屏式氣門進(jìn)氣masked valve intake切向進(jìn)氣道進(jìn)氣tangential duct

24、0;intake進(jìn)氣紊流intake trubulence進(jìn)氣提前角intake advance angle進(jìn)氣持續(xù)角intake duration angle進(jìn)氣遲后角intake lag angle進(jìn)面值time-area value氣門升程valve lift氣門正時(shí)valve timing掃氣口面積scavenging port area菌形氣門mashroom valve, poppet valve鈉冷卻氣門sodium fi

25、lled valve(natrium cooled valve)雙氣門dual valve進(jìn)氣門intake valve (suction valve,inlet valve)排氣門exhaust valve頂置氣門overhead valve側(cè)置氣門distributor fuel injection pump多缸燃油噴射泵multicylinder fuel injection pump框架安裝式燃油噴射泵cradle m

26、ounted injection pump噴油始點(diǎn)fuel injection beginning噴油終點(diǎn)fuel injection end噴油持續(xù)角fuel injection duration angle噴油延遲injection delay引燃噴射pilot injection 啟噴壓力injection starting pressure峰值噴油扭矩peak injection torque峰值噴油壓力peak in

27、jection pressure噴油泵油缸數(shù)目number of cylinders of an injection pump無氣噴射solid injection 噴射正時(shí)injection timing集中噴射group injection 噴油器injector整體式噴油器unit injector噴嘴nozzle軸針式噴嘴pintle type nozzle環(huán)槽式噴嘴annular slot nozzle孔式噴嘴hol

28、e type nozzle長桿噴嘴long stem nozzle孔板式噴嘴orifice plate nozzle開式噴嘴open nozzle閉式噴嘴closed nozzle噴油提前器timing advance unit噴射泵殼體injection pump housing噴嘴錐體nozzle hole cone柱塞plunger柱塞套barrel柱塞行程plunger stroke噴孔spray orifice燃油濾清器fue

29、l filter增壓器supercharger增壓裝置supercharging device渦輪增壓器turbo-charger機(jī)械增壓mechanical supercharging渦輪增壓turbo-charging增壓比supercharge ratio增壓壓力boost pressure增壓中冷inter-cooling中冷度inter-cooling level增壓度supercharging levelelectronic indicator燃燒分析儀combustion analyzer壓

30、力傳感器pressure transducer精密聲級計(jì)precision sound level meter排放emission 排放物emission 排氣污染物gaseous pollutant蒸發(fā)排放物evaporative emission曲軸箱排放物crankcase emission 漏氣blowby gas氨氧化物oxids of nitrogen一氣化碳carbon monoxide碳?xì)浠衔飄ydrocarbon甲烷methane無甲烷

31、碳?xì)浠衔飊on-methane hydrocarbons光化學(xué)活性碳?xì)浠衔飌hotochemically reactive hydrocarbons微粒物particulated matter黑煙black smoke藍(lán)煙blue smoke白煙white smoke碳煙soot光化學(xué)煙霧smog臭味odor丙烷propane排放濃度concentration of emission 排氣煙度exhaust smoke先期排氣initial exhaust亞臨界排氣sub

32、critical exhaust超臨界排氣supercritical exhaust強(qiáng)制排氣forced exhaust自由排氣free exhaust排氣提前角exhaust advance angle排氣遲后角exhaust lag angle排氣熱損失exhaust heat loss排氣凈化exhaust purification 排氣背壓exhaust back pressure殘余廢氣residual gas排氣有害成分poisono

33、us exhaust composition柴油機(jī)排煙diesel smoke綜合排放濃度composite concentration of exhaust emission 空燃比反饋控制系統(tǒng)air-fuel ratio feedback control system理論配比stoichiometric高效帶window氧傳感器oxygen sensor稀混合氣lean mixture濃混合氣rich mixture分層充氣stratifie

34、d charge溫度補(bǔ)償temperature compensating溫度傳感器temperature sensor壓力傳感器pressure sensor位置傳感器position sensor轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器speed sensor機(jī)械磨損mechanical wear化學(xué)磨損chemical wear熱磨損thermic wear疲勞磨損fatigue wear腐蝕性磨損corrosion wear故障磨損failure wear故障malfunctioning斷裂brea

35、kdown損壞damage更換（零件）replacing擦傷scratching刮傷scoring摩托車motorcycle輕便摩托車moped轎車passenger car微型轎車minicar普通級轎車subcompact car中級轎車compact car中高級轎車intermediate car高級轎車limousine (pullman saloon)活頂轎車convertible saloon旅行轎車station wagon短頭轎車forward control passenge

36、r car小型轎車coupe敞蓬小轎車drop head coupe跑車sports car賽車racer (racing car)單座小客車one-seater七座小客車seven-seater越野車off-road vehicle輕型越野車light-off-road vehicle中型越野車medium off-road vehicle重型越野車heavy off -road vehicle超重型越野車extra heavy off-

37、60;road vehicle吉普車jeep硬頂吉普車hard top jeep客車bus微型客車minibus輕型客車light bus 中型客車medium bus大型客車large bus客貨兩用小客車estate car (estate)多用途客車multipurpose vehicle廂式小客車closed car出租小客車taxicar城市客車urban bus大客車coach城間大客車intercity bus長途大客車long distan

38、ce coach旅游客車sightseeing bus(touring bus)鉸接客車articulated bus無軌客車trolley bus雙層客車double-deck bus團(tuán)體客車private coach貨車truck(lorry)微型貨車mini-truck輕型貨車light truck中型貨車medium truck重型貨車heavy truck公路貨車highway vehicle小型貨車pick-up平板貨車platform truck(flat

39、60;bed truck)通用貨車general -purpose vehicle短軸距貨車short-wheel base truck長軸距貨車long-wheelbase truck集裝箱運(yùn)輸貨車container carrier客貨兩用車cargo-bus廂式貨車van牽引汽車towing vehicle全掛牽引汽車towing vehicle牽桿式牽引車full-trailer towing vehicle半掛牽引車semi-trailer towing v

40、ehicle道路列車road train客用道路列車passenger road train鉸接式道路列車articulated road train雙掛式道路列車double road train混合式道路列車composite road train天然氣車輛natural gas vehicle(NGV)壓縮天然氣車輛compressed natural gas vehicle液化天然氣車輛liquid petroleum gas&

41、#160;vehicle液化石油氣車輛liquid petroleum gas vehicle雙燃料車輛duel fuel vehicle單燃料車輛single fuel vehicle專用車special vehicle垃圾車dust car (refuse collector)冷藏車refrigerated van灑水車street sprinkler (street flusher)囚車prison van 殯儀車hea

42、rse售貨車mobile store(mobile shop)圖書館車mobile library宣傳車mobile louderspeaker商業(yè)廣告車spiel truck展覽汽車demonstration car博覽會(huì)專用車fairground vehicle流動(dòng)藝術(shù)展覽車artmobile郵政車mobile post office運(yùn)油車fuel tanker 加油車refueller飛機(jī)牽引車aircraft tractor救護(hù)車ambulance (med

43、ical vehicle)病院汽車clinic car醫(yī)療急救車rescue ambulanceX射線診斷車mobile-x-ray clinic防疫監(jiān)測車mobile epidemic control vehicle計(jì)劃生育車mobile family -planning clinic傷殘者運(yùn)送車handicapped person carrier炊事車kitchen vehicle餐車mobile canteen 沐浴車mobile shower bath保溫車insulated van電視轉(zhuǎn)播車TV relaying vehicle電視錄像車video recording vehicle攝影車mobile photographic studio電影放映車film projection vehicle郵件運(yùn)輸車mail carrier農(nóng)用車farm vehicle種子檢測車plant