最全的高中英語(yǔ)主謂一致講解及練習(xí)-(精華版)1

1、主謂一致（*）主謂一致的概念。 所謂主謂一致是指“主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞”之間,即（主語(yǔ)的人稱和單復(fù)數(shù)形式）決定著（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞對(duì)應(yīng)的形式）。（1） 主謂一致的種類一、【語(yǔ)法一致】1. <and連接>兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上單數(shù)名詞或者代詞作主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有以下兩種情況：(1) 如果指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上不同的人或事物的時(shí)候,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。He and she _both students of this school. （2）如果連接兩個(gè)以上的名詞指的是同一個(gè)人或物, 或者指同一概念的時(shí)候, 謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)。The singer and dancer_ going to give us a perfo

2、rmance. The knife and fork _on the table. 2. 如果主語(yǔ)是不定式, 動(dòng)詞ing形式或主語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)候,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。 When he is coming seems very important. Collecting stamps is his hobby. To love her is not to break her wings. 愛(ài)她就不該折斷她自由飛翔的翅膀。.3. 定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞who, which, that在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，要及<先行詞>的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。 Those who enjoy singing may j

3、oin us. Tom, who is your friend, should help you.如果句子中有這些連接詞（with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including）和主語(yǔ)連用,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)隨主語(yǔ)的變化而變化。The teacher, together with his students, is planting trees in the street. 二、意義一致原則指主謂一致取決于主語(yǔ)的其實(shí)際意義。（有的主語(yǔ)名詞在形式上是單數(shù), 但在意義上卻是復(fù)數(shù)；

4、有的主語(yǔ)名詞在形式上是復(fù)數(shù), 但在意義上卻是單數(shù)。）1中心詞為all, most, some, any, none作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞視情況而定。All of the apples _rotten. 所有的蘋果都爛了。All of the apple _rotten. 整個(gè)蘋果都爛了。 None of the money_ left. 沒(méi)有剩下一點(diǎn)錢。None of the students _ there. 沒(méi)有學(xué)生在那里。2. the rest of; half of; part of; majority of; percent of; one third of在句子中加名詞作主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候,謂語(yǔ)

5、動(dòng)詞及of后面的名詞保持一致。Half of the students _finished their composition. 一半的學(xué)生已經(jīng)完成了他們的作文。Half of the apple _bad. 一半的蘋果壞了。About 60 percent of the students in our school _boys. 我們學(xué)校, 大約百分之六十的學(xué)生是男生.3. 集合名詞作主語(yǔ), 動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù), 也可以用復(fù)數(shù)。主要由句子的意思決定。強(qiáng)調(diào)整體謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；指全體人員時(shí), 動(dòng)詞則用復(fù)數(shù)。這一類常見(jiàn)的集合名詞有public, family, class, crowd, populat

6、ion, team, group。His family _going out. 他們?nèi)乙獬觥is family _all music lovers. 他們?nèi)胰硕际且魳?lè)愛(ài)好者。4. 某些名詞如people, police, cattle等,形式上是單數(shù), 但意義上是復(fù)數(shù), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。people指“民族”時(shí)是例外。 The police are searching for a thief. The cattle are eating grass on the hill.5. 復(fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)，如someone ,somebody, something, an

7、ybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing。Someone is asking for you. Nothing is found in the room. 6. 一些有兩個(gè)部分構(gòu)成的名詞表示衣物或工具作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，例如：glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors等。但如果主語(yǔ)用“a kind of, a pair of , a series of等加名詞”構(gòu)成時(shí)，謂

8、語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。 The pair of shoes is worn out. 這雙鞋破了。 The shoes are worn out. 鞋子破了。7. 某些名詞以s結(jié)尾如maths, politics, physics, news, plastics 等，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。Physics is a very interesting subject. 物理是一門很有趣的學(xué)科。 8. 不定代詞each, every, no所修飾的名詞<即使以and或逗號(hào)連接成多主語(yǔ)時(shí)>，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式。every. and every .; each . and each .; no

9、 . and no . 在以上短語(yǔ)中and連接的單數(shù)名詞, 整個(gè)短語(yǔ)在句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常使用單數(shù)。Each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema. Each man and each woman is asked to attend. Every boy and every girl in the class is diligent. 班級(jí)中的每個(gè)男孩女孩都很用功。No sound and no voice is heard. 聽(tīng)不到任何聲音。9. 以a number of 作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù); 以the number of 作

10、主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 A number of new books are on the desk. The number of students in you class is 50.10. 有些名詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式一樣, 作主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候, 其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由上下文決定, 這一類名詞有: means, works, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。 Not every means is useful. 不是每種方法都好使。 Not all means are useful. 不是所有的方法都好使。11.如果主語(yǔ)有more than one（很多 非常）

11、或many a(許多)構(gòu)成，one and a half及單數(shù)名詞組成的短語(yǔ)。盡管從意義上看是復(fù)數(shù)內(nèi)容，但它的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式：More than one student has read the book. Many a girl has been there. 但是，“more +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+than one”結(jié)構(gòu)之后，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般多用復(fù)數(shù)形式。More members than one are against your plan. A pair of shoes was on the desk. Many a boy has seen it. 許多孩子都看到了。12. 書刊名、時(shí)間、距

12、離、價(jià)格、度量衡等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)。 Thirty years is not a long time. Roots is a famous American novel.三、就近原則either . or; neither . nor; not only . but also, whether.or在句子中連接主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候或者在there be句型中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和就近的主語(yǔ)保持一致。Neither you nor I am wrong. There is a cup of tea and some apples on the table.Not only the stude

13、nts but also the teacher wishes for a holiday.注意事項(xiàng)1. this kind of book = a book of this kind (這種書) , 其謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù); 短語(yǔ)this kind of men = men of this kind = these kind of men (口語(yǔ)) (這一類人), 但this kind of men 的謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù), men of this kind 的謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù), all kinds of 后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞, 謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。This kind of men is dangerous.Men of thi

14、s kind are dangerous.2. 在主謂倒裝的句子中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)及其后的主語(yǔ)一致。例如: Between the two windows hangs a picture.3. “分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)以及由“ a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of, heaps of, half of + 名詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要及短語(yǔ)中of 后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致,這是因?yàn)槎陶Z(yǔ)中后面的名詞是中心詞,而短語(yǔ)中前面的量詞是修飾語(yǔ)。例如:Lots of damage was caused by

15、 fire.About three-fourths of the earths surface is covered with water.Three-fifths of the workers here are women.4. a (large) quantity of 修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞, 其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。A large quantity of people is needed here.quantities of 修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)。Quantities of food (nuts) were on the table.(短語(yǔ)in

16、 quantity, in large quantities 意為 “大量”; in small quantities 意為“少量”。) a great deal of, a large amount of, 修飾不可數(shù)名詞, 其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù); large amounts of 修飾不可數(shù)名詞, 其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)。例如:5. 表示數(shù)量的one and a half 后, 名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式, 但是其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 One and a half bananas is left on the table. 6.單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，依

17、照意義一致的原則，表示單數(shù)意義時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；反之，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。這類名詞有：sheep, deer, means(方法、手段),works(工廠),species(種類)7.在主謂倒裝的句子中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)及其后的主語(yǔ)一致。如：Between the two windows hangs a picture.練習(xí)一1.Three _ died in the terrible fire in Luoyang last winter.A. hundreds peopleB. hundred peopleC. hundreds peoplesD. hundred peoples2. Either

18、 you or the president _ the prizes to these gifted winners at the meeting.A. is handing outB. are to hand outC. are handing outD. is to hand out3. I, who _ your close friend, will try my best to help you out of trouble.A. amB. isC. areD. be4. The Olympic Games in the year 2019 _ in Beijing of China,

19、 which _ known to us all.A. is to hold; isB. is to be held; wasC. are to hold; isD. are to be held; is5. There _ a lot of rubbish on the floor so I asked Mary to sweep _ up.A. were; itB. are; themC. was; itD. is; them6. Three million tons of coal _ every year in the city.A. is exploitedB. are exploi

20、tedC. had exploitedD. have exploited7. Stories of the Long March _ popular with the young people now.A. isB. wasC. areD. were8. Mathematics _ the language of science.A. areB. are going to beC. isD. is to be9. Both rice and wheat _ grown in our country.A. isB. areC. wasD. were10. _ either of your par

21、ents come to see you recently?A. HaveB.HadC. HasD. Is11. What the children in the mountain village need _ good books.A. is B. areC. haveD. has12. The whole family _ TV attentively.A. are watchingB. is watchingC. is seeingD. are seeing13. Nothing but several glasses _ bought by my father the day befo

22、re yesterday.A. wasB. wereC. have beenD. would be14. At the bus stop _ a soldier and two youngpeople on their way to the village.A. wereB. wasC. isD. sits15. If law and order _, neither the citizen nor his family is safe.A. are not preservedB. is not preservedC. were preservedD. have not been preser

23、ved16. There _ little change in that middle school.A. haveB. hadC. have beenD. has been17. What such a sunset is _ strange to us all.A. going to beB. /C. isD. that18. Seventy-five percent of the earths surface _ with water.A. is coveredB. is coveringC. were coveredD. are covered19. The following _ s

24、ome other mental diseases.A. beingB. areC. wasD. were20. Not only you but also I _ able to help him out.A. areB. isC. amD. were21. “ The Kites” _ us a story of the kites history.A. have toldB. tellsC. were toldD. was told22. You and I _ twin sisters.A. wereB. areC. isD. am23. A teacher of English an

25、d class teacher _ us something about volunteer workers.A. are tellingB. is tellingC. are givenD. were given24. Thousands of tons of rubbish _ over a large period of time.A. rots awayB. rot awayC. has rotted awayD. are rotted away25. Mayor as well as volunteer workers _ the newly-built stadium.A. is

26、cleaningB. are cleaningC. were cleaningD. have cleaned26. Many a student _ something about Abraham Lincoln.A. have knownB. knowsC. is knownD. are known27. The defence works _ built long ago to keep the enemy away.A. wereB. has beenC. had beenD. was28. “ Have you all studied the passageUsing the Mind

27、 against Disease？”“_ .”A. Nobody of us hasB. Nobody of us haveC. None of us hasD. None of us did29. A group of Italian soldiers _ quickly towards their position.A. were advancingB. were advancedC. was advancingD. advancing30. Everyone, men and women, old and young _ sports and games.A. is enjoyB. we

28、re enjoyingC. enjoysD. enjoy練習(xí)二1. The old _well looked after by the government in China.A. is B. are C. has been D. was2. The secretary and manager _very busy now.A. is B. are C. was D. were3. Both the secretary and the manager _agreed to attend the meeting.A. has B. have C. are D. was4. Tom as well

29、 as two of his classmates _invited to the party.A. was B. were C. have been D. had been5. Either you or I _going to the teachers' office after class.A. am B. is C. are D. will6. Most of his spare time _spent in reading.A. are B. were C. was D. have been7. This is one of the best novels that _app

30、eared this year.A.have been B. has C. had been D. have8. Ten thousand dollars _quite a large sum.A.are  B. is  C. were  D. have9. About 20 percent of the work _done yesterday.A. are  B. is  C. were  D . was10. Mr Smith， together with his children， _arrived.A.are B. has&

31、#160; C. is  D. have11. It _I who _leaving for London.A.isis  B. amis  C. isam  D. amam12. Not only Tom but also his wife _fond of watching television.A. are  B. were  C. be  D. is13. When and where to build the new factory _yet.A. is not decided  B. are not d

32、ecidedC. has not decided  D. have not decided14. Although the first part of the book is easy， the rest _.A. are difficult   B. has proved difficultC. is supposed difficultD. have been found difficult15. That they were wrong in these matters _ now clear to us all.A. is  B. was

33、0; C. are  D. were16. Half of his goods _ stolen the other day.A. are  B. were  C. is  D. was17. Mathematics _the language of science.A. are  B. are going to be  C. is  D. is to be18. Each of the students _ a Chinese-English dictionary.A. have  B. has  C.

34、 there is  D. there are19. They each _ a beautiful handkerchief.A. have  B. has  C. there is  D. there are20. Between the two rows of trees _the teaching building.A. stand B. stands C. standing D. are21. This pair of shoes _made in Nanjing.A.is  B. are  C. have been

35、0; D. had been22. No one except my parents _anything about it.A. know  B. knowsC. is knowing  D. have known23. A number of students _from the south.A. are  B. is  C. have  D. has24. The number of students from the north _small.A.are  B. is  C. have  D. has25.

36、Writing stories and articles _what I enjoy most，A.is B. are C. was D. were26. His "Selected Poems" _first published in 1965.A.were  B. was  C. has been  D. are27. Miss Smith is a friend of _.A. Mary's mother's  B. Mary's motherC. Mother's of Mary &#

37、160; D. Mary mother's28. A good deal of money _spent on books.A. have  B. hasC. have been   D. has been29. On the wall _ two large portraits.A. hangs  B. hang  C. hanged  D. hanging30. _turn green in spring.A. Leaf  B. Leafs  C. Leave  D. Leaves31. Fa

38、ther went to his doctor for _about his heart trouble.A. an advice  B. advice  C. advices  D. the advices32. All but one _here just now.A. is  B. was  C. has been  D. were33. The number of people invited _fifty， but a number of them _absent for different reasons.A. were;

39、 was  B. was; wasC. was; were  D. were; were34. The air in big cities _very dirty by factories.A. are often made  B. is often madeC. have often made  D. has often made35. Nobody _to smoke in the cinema.A. allows  B. allow  C. is allowed  D. are allowed36. The Chine

40、se people _hard-working and brave.A. are  B. is  C. has been D. are being37. _can be done _been done.A. All; have  B. All that; haveC. All; has  D. All that; has38. John has two brothers， but either _out of work now.A. are   B. is   C. has  D. have39. The

41、 police _the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.A. is searching for  B. were searching forC. are searching for  D. were searching40. Apples of this kind _.A. tastes good  B. tastes well   C. taste good  D. taste well41. Your trousers _dirty， you

42、must have _washed.A. is; it  B. are; it  C. are; them  D. is; them42. Where _rubbish， there are flies.A. there are  B. there is  C. is  D. there has43. The Olympic Games _held every _years.A. is; four  B. are; four  C. is; five  D. are; five44. Many a man

43、 _ come to help us.A. have  B. has  C. is  D. are45. He is the only one of the students who _elected.A. are  B. have  C. has  D. is46. Three-fourths of the homework _today.A. has finished   B. has been finishedC. have finished   D. have been finished

44、47. Those who _ in _compositions， please hand them in this afternoon.A. hasn't handed; his  B. haven't handed; theirC.has handed; their  D. have handed; his48. Jane is one of the best students in her class who _by their teacher.A. are praised  B. is praised  C. praised

45、60; D. praising49. The whole class _the teacher attentively.A. are listening to  B. is listening toC. are listening  D. is listening50. Between the two roads _ a TV tower called "Skyscraper Tower". A. stands B. standing C. which stands D. stand1.解析：選B. hundred一詞前面有具體數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)不加-s2. 解析：選D. 當(dāng)either or 連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)