(完整版)英語弱讀規(guī)律表(54常見弱讀詞匯)

1、weak forms 弱讀在英語中，與句重音相對應(yīng)的出現(xiàn)的是非重讀音節(jié)，它們一起構(gòu)成了句子的高低起伏，強弱交替的節(jié)奏模式，形成具有表意功能的連貫句子。這些非重讀音節(jié)體現(xiàn)在單個單詞中就是常說的某些單音節(jié)的弱讀或非重讀（unstressed syllable） 。英語是節(jié)奏感很強的語言，要掌握好英語節(jié)奏，首先要熟悉強讀式 (strong forms) 和弱讀式 (weak forms) ，它對語言連貫、流暢性起著重要的作用。一、強讀和弱讀強讀和弱讀實際就是重讀和弱讀，一句話中至少有一個重要的音節(jié)要重讀，其他音節(jié)相應(yīng)弱讀。重讀音節(jié)從音高和音強上應(yīng)該big, strong, important lou

2、dly,非重讀音節(jié)（弱讀）就應(yīng)該是weak or small or quiet 。強讀和弱讀通過一定形式在句子中體現(xiàn)，英語中有接近五十多個單音節(jié)詞有兩種讀音形式： 弱讀形式和強讀形式。在連貫的語言中弱讀形式的使用比強讀形式更多，更重要。重讀或強讀形式其實是單個單詞發(fā)音的基本形式，即音標(biāo)中的讀音形式，而弱讀形式從音質(zhì)上和強讀形式比較起來短而輕；在前面學(xué)習(xí)中， 我們知道短元音/ ?/ 和/i/常出現(xiàn)在非重讀音節(jié)中，因此多數(shù)弱讀形式體現(xiàn)也以/ ?/ 或/i/體現(xiàn)。二、弱讀形式從上一單元可以知道，在英語句子中，實詞一般要重讀虛詞弱讀，其中有弱讀形式的單音節(jié)詞根據(jù)不同類別可以分為以下幾種：冠詞、人稱代詞

3、、be 動詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞、單音節(jié)介詞、單音節(jié)、連詞以及其他特殊詞。其弱讀形式見表從表 8-1 中，我們對五十多個單音節(jié)詞的弱讀形式進(jìn)行歸納，得出三個規(guī)律：1) 弱讀形式以 /?/ 為主 , 大部分的弱讀形式都和/ ?/ 有關(guān)，極少部分與 /i/和/u/ 有關(guān) ,如 a / ?/, some /s?m/; who /hu,u/ my /mi/。2） 如果單詞是發(fā)長音，其弱讀形式一般變成相應(yīng)短音，如：be /bi/been /bin/her /h?/ 等。3） 在語流很快時或者可以縮略的單詞中，常常只出現(xiàn)輔音，如 will/l/is /z,s/am /m/等。弱讀形式單詞weak forms

4、 and example article冠詞a /? / a book, in a minute, an /? n,n/ an hour, in an hour, the /e ?/輔音前 ,/ei/元音前the book, the apple be 動詞am /? m/m/ what am i to do? is /z,s/ hes at home. are /? /,/?r/元音前what are you doing? be /bi/ don t be late. been /bin/ you ve been a long time. was /w?z/ he was a rich man

5、. were /w?/what were you doing? 助動詞have /h? v,? v,v/ have you been to shanghai? has /h? z,?z,z,s/ the bus has gone. had /h? d,? d,d/ the room had been reserved. do /du,d? ,d/ what do you want? does /d? z,z,s/ how does it work? 情態(tài)動詞will /l/ ill do it. would /w?d,?d,d / what would you like? should /?

6、d, ? d / what should i say? could /k? d,kd / i wish i could do something for you. must /m?st/ he must go now. can /k? n,kn/ what can i do to make up you? shall /? l,? l/ i shall wait for you. 短小連詞that /e?t,et/ this is the best that i can do. as /? z/ as long as, do as i do but /b? t/ it s old but us

7、eful. and /? nd,nd, ? n,n / you and me, a cat and a dog than /e?n,e n/ it s more than i want. such /s?t? / i never heard of such thing. 短小介詞at /? t/ at six, at school of /? v,v,?/ a lot of money, one of the book off /? f/ take offto /t?,u/ do you want to go? i d love to. for /f?/ is this for you? fo

8、r a long time from /fr?m/ she just come back from italy. 人稱代詞he /hi,i/ what did he say? he told me a story. him /im/ i write him a letter. his /iz/ she /? i/ what did shesay? she s fine her /h? ,?,/ i gave her the book. me /mi/ you make me happy. us /? s/ they told us to go. you /ju/ what re you doi

9、ng? how do you do? your /j?/,/j?r/(元音前 ) them /e?m/,/e m/,/m/ if i saw them ,i ll tell them that. we /wi/ we d like a drink. who /hu/, /u/ who are you? my /mi/ do you know my brother? 其他詞some /s?m/ would like some drink? not /nt,n/ i havent finish it. there /e?/,/e ?r/(元音前 ) there is a book. or /?/

10、two or three so /s?/ thank you so much. many /mni/ how many ? 有了這三個規(guī)律, 對這些單音節(jié)詞的弱讀形式可以運用正確讀音, 連貫句子 ; 但同時還需注意幾個問題 : 1） he, her,his, have,has, had不帶 /h/ 的弱讀形式不用在句首；2） has,does,is 弱讀形式 /s/ 用在清輔音的后面,/z/放在濁輔音或元音的后面, 如: it s: /its/; 3） the 在元音前和在輔音前的讀音不一樣；4） there are your,只有在后面有元音時才有/r/,在下一單元連讀要涉及；5） 有些弱讀形式較常用, 有些不常用 , 只有在較快的口語中使用, 如: my /mi/ or / ?/ so /s ?/ such /s ?t ? / 。6） 盡管以上助動詞、情態(tài)