單片機(jī)畢業(yè)參考英文文獻(xiàn)及翻譯

1、南京工程學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書（論文）附錄：英文技術(shù)資料翻譯英文原文：Structure and function of the MCS-51 seriesStructure and function of the MCS-51 series one-chip computer MCS-51 is a name of a piece of one-chip computer series which Intel Company produces. This company introduced 8 top-grade one-chip computers of MCS-51 series in 1

2、980 after introducing 8 one-chip computers of MCS-48 series in 1976. It belong to a lot of kinds this line of one-chip computer the chips have,such as 8051,8031,8751,80C51BH, 80C31BH,etc., their basic composition, basic performance and instruction system are all the same. 8051 daily representatives-

3、 51 serial one-chip computers .An one-chip computer system is made up of several following parts: ( 1) One microprocessor of 8 (CPU). ( 2) At slice data memory RAM (128B/256B),it use not depositting not can reading /data that write, such as result not middle of operation, final result and data wante

4、d to show, etc. ( 3) Procedure memory ROM/EPROM (4KB/8KB ), is used to preserve the procedure , some initial data and form in slice. But does not take ROM/EPROMthin someone-chip computers, such as 8031 , 8032, 80C ,etc. ( 4) Four 8 run side by side I/O interface P0 four P3, each mouth can use as int

5、roduction , may use as exporting too.(5) Two timer / counter, each timer / counter may set up and count in the way, used to count to the external incident, can set up into a timing way too, and can according to count or result of timing realize the control of the computer. ( 6) Five cut off cutting

6、off the control system of the source .(7) One all duplexing serial I/O mouth of UART (universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART) ), is it realize one-chip computer or one-chip computer and serial communication of computer to use for. ( 8) Stretch oscillator and clock produce circuit, quartz

7、crystal finely tune electriccapacity need outer. Allow oscillation frequency as 12 megahertas nowat most. Every the above-mentioned part was joined through the inside data bus .Among them, CPUis a core of the one-chip computer, it is the control of the computer and commancfcentre, madeup of such par

8、ts as arithmetic unit and controller , etc. The arithmetic unit can carry on 8 persons of arithmetic operation and unit ALU of logic operation while including one, the 1 storing device temporarilies of 8, storing device 2 temporarily, 8's accumulation deviceACC, register B and procedure state re

9、gister PSW,etc. Person who accumulate ACCbount by 2 input ends entered of checking etc. temporarily as one operation often, come from person who store 1 operation is it is it make operation to go on to count temporarily , operation result and loopback ACC with another one. In addition, ACC is often

10、regarded as the transfer station of data transmission on 8051 inside . The same as general microprocessor, it is the busiest register. Help remembering that agreeing with A expresses in the order. The controller includes the procedure counter , the order is depositted, the order decipher, the oscill

11、ator and timing circuit, etc. The procedure counter is madeup of counter of 8 for two, amounts to 16. It is a byte address counter of the procedure in fact, the content is the next IA that will carried out in PC. The content which changes it can change the direction that the procedure carries out .

12、Shake the circuit in 8051 one-chip computers, only need outer quartz crystal and frequency to finely tune the electriccapacity, itsfrequency range is its 12MHZ)f 1.2MHZ. This pulse signal, as 8051 basic beats of working, namely the minimum unit of time. 8051 is the same as other computers, the work

13、in harmony under the control of the basic beat, just like an orchestra according to the beat play that is commanded.There are ROM (procedure memory , can only read ) and RAM in 8051 slices (data memory, can is it can write ) two to read, they have each independent memory address space, dispose way t

14、o be the same with general memory of computer. Procedure 8051 memoryand 8751 slice procedure memorycapacity 4KB, address begin from 0000H, used for preserving the procedure and form constant. Data 8051- 8751 8031 of memorydata memory128B, address false 00FH, use for middle result to deposit operatio

15、n, the data are stored temporarily and the data are buffered etc. In RAMf this 128B, there is unit of 32 byteses that can be appointed as the job register, this and general microprocessor is different, 8051 slice RAM and job register rank one formation the same to arrange the location. It is not ver

16、y the samethat the memoryof MCS-51series one-chip computer and general computer disposes the way in addition. General computer for first address space, ROMnd RAMcan arrange in different space within the range of this address at will, namely the addresses of ROM and RAM,with distributing different ad

17、dress space in a formation. While visiting the memory, corresponding and only an address Memory unit, can ROM, it can be RAMtoo, and by visiting the order similarly. This kind of memorystructure is called the structure of Princeton. 8051 memories are divided into procedure memory space and data memo

18、ry space on the physics structure, there are four memoryspaces in all: The procedure stores in one and data memoryspace outside data memory and one in procedure memory space and one outside one, the structure forms of this kind of procedure device and data memory separated form data memory, called H

19、arvard structure. But use the angle from users, 8051 memory address space is divided into three kinds: (1) In the slice, arrange blocks of FFFFH , 0000H of location , in unison outside the slice (use 16 addresses). (2) The data memory address space outside one of 64KB, the address is arranged from 0

20、000H 64KB FFFFH (with 16 addresses ) too tothe location. (3) Data memoryaddress space of 256B (use 8 addresses). Three above-mentioned memory space addresses overlap, for distinguishing and designing the order symbol of different data transmission in the instruction system of 8051: CPUvisit slice, R

21、OMbrder spend MOVC visit block RAMrder uses MOVX outside the slice, RAM order uses MOV to visit in slice.8051 one-chip computer have four 8 walk abreast I/O port, call P0, P1, P2 and P3. Each port is 8 accurate two-way mouths, accounts for 32 pins altogether. Every one I/O line can be used as introd

22、uction and exported independently. Each port includes a latch (namely special function register ), one exports the driver and a introduction buffer . Make data can latch when outputting, data can buffer when making introduction , but four function of passway these self-same. Expand among the system

23、of memory outside having slice, four port these may serve as accurate two-way mouth of I/O in common use. Expand among the system of memory outside having slice, P2 mouth see high 8 address off; P0 mouth is a two-way bus, send the introduction of 8 low addresses and data / export in timesharing南京工程學(xué)

24、院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書（論文）Output grade , P3 of mouth , P1 of P1 , connect with inside have load resistance of drawing , every one of they can drive 4 Model LS TTL load to output. As while inputting the mouth, any TTL or NMOS circuit can drive P1 of 8051 one-chip computers as P3 mouth in a normal way . Because dra

25、w resistance on output grade of them have, can open a way collector too or drain-source resistance is it urge to open a way, do not need to have theresistance of drawing outerly . Mouths are all accurate two-way mouths too. When the conduct is input, must write the corresponding port latch with 1fir

26、st . As to 80C51 one-chip computer, port can only offer milliampere of output electric currents, is it output mouth go when urging one ordinary basing of transistor to regard as, should contact a resistance amongthe port and transistor base , in order to the electricity while restraining the high le

27、vel from exporting P1P3 Being restored to the throne is the operation of initializing of an one-chip computer. Its main function is to turn PC into0000H initially , make the one-chip computer begin to hold the conduct procedure from unit 0000H. Except that the ones that enter the system areinitializ

28、ed normally,as because procedure operate it makemistakes or operate there aren't mistake, in order to extricate oneself from a predicament , need to be pressed and restored to the throne the key restarting too. It is aninput end which is restored to the throne the signal in 8051 China RST pin. R

29、estore to the throne signal high level effective , should sustain 24 shake cycle (namely 2 machine cycles ) the above its effective times. If 6 of frequency of utilization brilliant to shake, restore to the throne signal duration should exceed 4 delicate to finish restoring to the throne and operati

30、ng. Produce the logic picture of circuit which is restored to the throne the signal:Restore to the throne the circuit and include two parts outside in the chip entirely. Outside that circuit produce to restore to the throne signal (RST) hand over to Schmitt's trigger, restore to the throne circu

31、it sample to output , Schmitt of trigger constantly in each S5P2 , machine of cycle inhaving one more , then just got and restored to the throne and operated the necessary signal insidly. Restore to the throne resistance of circuit generally, electric capacity parameter suitable for 6 brilliant to s

32、hake, can is it restore to the throne signal high level duration greater than 2 machine cycles to guarantee. Being restored to the throne in the circuit is simple, its function is very important. Pieces of one-chip computer system could normal running,should first check it can restore to the throne

33、not succeeding. Checking and can pop one's head and monitor the pin with the oscillograph tentatively, push and is restored to the throne the key, the wave form that observes and has enough range is exported (instantaneous), can also through is it restore to the throne circuit group holding valu

34、e carry on the experiment to change.注：文獻(xiàn)來源中文譯文：51系列單片機(jī)的功能和結(jié)構(gòu)51系列單片機(jī)是Intel公司設(shè)計(jì)的單片機(jī)產(chǎn)品。這家公司丁 1976年推出8位MCS-4源列之后乂在1980年推出了 MCS-51系列單片機(jī)。它屆丁這一類型很多行一 個(gè)芯片的電腦芯片都如 8051、8031、8751、80c51bh,80c31bh等，其基本組成、性能 和基本教學(xué)制度，都是一樣的.8051通常是51系列的代表。每個(gè)單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)是由以下幾個(gè)方面構(gòu)成：(1)18微處理器(CPU). (2)片中內(nèi)數(shù)據(jù) 存儲(chǔ)器RAM(128B/256B沖如果結(jié)果不在操作過程中，結(jié)果也要

35、顯示出來(3)存儲(chǔ)器 存儲(chǔ)程序/可擦寫可編程只讀存儲(chǔ)器(4KB/8KB),用丁保存程序和數(shù)據(jù)，初步形成片. 但并不存儲(chǔ)器/可擦寫可編程只讀存儲(chǔ)器在一些人的電腦芯片，如8031、8032、80c 等.(4)四個(gè)8路運(yùn)行的I/O 口，p0,p1,p2,p3,每個(gè)口既可用作輸入也可用作出口(5)兩個(gè)定時(shí)/計(jì)數(shù)器,每個(gè)計(jì)時(shí)器/計(jì)數(shù)器可設(shè)立不同計(jì)數(shù)方式，用來計(jì)數(shù)外部事件，可 以設(shè)置定時(shí)方式也可以和根據(jù)計(jì)算結(jié)果或定時(shí)控制實(shí)現(xiàn)控制計(jì)算(6)五個(gè)中斷控制系統(tǒng).(7) 一個(gè)全雙工申行UART異步接收世界/發(fā)送(UART),它是實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)芯 片和一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)芯片之間通訊的一種申口 . (8)振蕩器和時(shí)鐘產(chǎn)生電路

36、，需要考慮石 英晶體微調(diào)能力，允許震蕩平率位12MHZ上述每個(gè)部分都是通過片內(nèi)數(shù)據(jù)總線連接。 其中CPia計(jì)算機(jī)芯片的核心，他是計(jì)算機(jī)的指揮中心，由算數(shù)單元和控制單元組 成算術(shù)單元可進(jìn)行8位算術(shù)運(yùn)算和邏輯運(yùn)算，ALU單元是一種運(yùn)算器，18個(gè)存儲(chǔ)設(shè) 備，暫存設(shè)備進(jìn)行存儲(chǔ)協(xié)調(diào)，PS她累了兩個(gè)輸入端等檢查時(shí)作為一個(gè)操作由人來操縱存儲(chǔ)，另有一個(gè)操縱的結(jié)果回環(huán)協(xié)調(diào)。此外，協(xié)調(diào)往往是作為對8051的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)站考慮。作為一般的微處理器，他是最繁忙的。振蕩器和定時(shí)器是由2個(gè)8位計(jì)數(shù)器組成，總位數(shù)為16位。這是一個(gè)字節(jié)的地址，其實(shí)是程序計(jì)數(shù)器，將在個(gè) 人電腦內(nèi)部有運(yùn)行，從而改變程序的運(yùn)行順序。在8051的電

37、路中，只需增加外部石英晶體和頻率微調(diào)電容，這就保證計(jì)算機(jī)各部件的工作就像管弦樂隊(duì)和諧工作。在8051中有ROM程序存儲(chǔ)器，只能讀取)和RAM教據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器，可讀可寫)，他 們有各自獨(dú)立的內(nèi)存地址空間，也有相同的處理方式。8051和8751的程序存儲(chǔ)器的存儲(chǔ)容量為4K己地址從0000H開始，在使用過程中其中數(shù)據(jù)不變。8051,8751,8031 數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器的內(nèi)存為128B,默認(rèn)地址是00FH,用丁保存中間數(shù)據(jù)和緩存。在這128B 的內(nèi)存中，有32byteses,被稱作工作寄存器，和常用的微處理器不同的是，8051的RA虞按功能來劃分模塊的。MCS - 51系列單片機(jī)和和一般電腦的處理方式不同。 一般電腦會(huì)自動(dòng)分配地址空間，RO陸日RAM勺計(jì)算機(jī)可以安排在不同的空間內(nèi)，地址范圍會(huì)根據(jù)ROhffi RAM勺位置分配不同的地址空間。在訪問的內(nèi)存，不管是ROMffiRAM只有一個(gè)地址對應(yīng)一個(gè)內(nèi)存單元，都