過去分詞作表語

1、過去分詞作定語、表語、賓補(bǔ)、狀語trapped animalThe Past Participle used As Attribute and Predicative=the animal which was trapped第一講、過去分詞做定語和表語1.English is a widely used language.2.He threw away the broken cup.3.This is one of the schools built in 1980s.4.Prices of daily goods bought through a computer can be lower

2、than store prices.單個(gè)過去分詞作定語，常放在被修飾詞的前面;過去分詞短語作定語，常放在被修飾詞的后面。spoken English= English which is spokenterrified people= the people who are terrifiedan organized way= a way that is organizedaffected area 災(zāi)區(qū)= the area which is affectedstolen culture relics= culture relics that had been stolenthe book rec

3、ommended by the teacher= the book which was recommended bythe teacher不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞不表被動(dòng)， 只表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前，含有 動(dòng)作完成，動(dòng)作結(jié)束 之含義。boiled water= water which has boiled fallen leaves= the leaves which have fallenrisen sun= the sun which has risen過去分詞作定語也可用作非限制性定語，前后用逗號(hào)隔開。The books, written by Guo Jingming, are ver

4、y popular with teenagers. 這些書是郭敬明寫的，深受青少年的喜愛。Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never been to Beijing. 他們中的一些人，在農(nóng)村出生并長大，從沒過北京.The book _written by the farmer (一本農(nóng)民寫的書 ) is very popular.printed articlesThe buildingbuilt last year (去年建的樓房 ) nowcollapsed in= articles that are prin

5、tedthe Wenchuan earthquake.1)Doctor John Snow was a well-known doctor in London.定語The problemdiscussed at the meeting yesterday(在昨天會(huì)議2)John Snow told the astonished people in Broad Street.定語上討論的 ) was very difficult to solve.3)He got interested in the two theories. 表語The windowbroken by that naughty

6、 boy被那個(gè)頑皮男孩打破4)Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood表語的 ) is being repaired.The children examined in the hospital yesterday昨天在醫(yī)院檢Past Participle as theAttributePast Participle as the Predicative查的表語) were seriously ill.定語The people exposed to the sun (暴露在陽光下的 ) got sunburnt.The boypunished

7、severely by the teacher( 受到老師嚴(yán)厲懲罰1.terrified people1.people who are terrified的 ) is now a college student.The water delivered to his home( 送到他家的水) carried2.reserved seats2.seats that are reserveddisease.3.polluted water3.water that is pollutedThe English today is quite different from the Englishspok

8、en inthe past 300 years(300 年前所說的 ).4.a crowded room4.a room that is crowdedMost of the artistsinvited to the party( 被邀請(qǐng)去參加聚會(huì)的 )were from South Africa.5.a pleased winner5.a winner that is pleasedThe students inspired by the teacher( 受到老師鼓舞的 )workedharder than ever before.6. Astonished children6.chil

9、dren who look astonished The Olympic Games, _A_ in 776 B.C. did not include women7.a broken vase7.a vase that is brokenplayers until 1912.A. first playedB. to be first played8.a closed door8.a door that is closedC. first playingD. to be first playing過去分詞做定語與其修飾詞之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系且過去分詞表9.the tired audience9.the

10、 audience who feel tired示的動(dòng)作已完成。10.a trapped animal10.an animal that is trapped現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，與修飾詞是主謂關(guān)系。不定式作定語表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。There are many fallen leaves on the ground.= There are many leaves which had fallen on the ground. ( 地上有許多落葉 )Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never been t

11、o Beijing.= Some of them , who had been born and brought up in rural villages, had never been to Beijing.(他們中的一些人，在農(nóng)村出生并長大，從沒去過北京 )及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞表示結(jié)束了的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作或者沒有一定的時(shí)間性 ,只表示 被動(dòng)關(guān)系 。polluted water= water which is polluted reserved seats= the seats which were reservedfirst played in 776B.C. =which was first pl

12、ayed in 776 B.C.Consolidation鞏固1. Prices ofdaily goods _ through a computer can be lowerthan store prices.A. are boughtB. boughtC. been boughtD. buying2. With a lot of different problems _, the newly-elected president is havinga hard time.A. settledB. settlingC. to settleD. being settled3. Don tuse

13、words, expressionsor phrases _ onlyto peoplewith specific knowledge.A. being knownB. having been known1C. to be knownD. known4. When I got back, I saw a message _ to the door_to miss you; will call later.”A. pin, readB. pinning, readingC. pinned, readingD. pinned, read2）作表語表示主語的心理感覺或所處的狀態(tài)。許多動(dòng)詞的過去分詞已

14、經(jīng)被當(dāng)作形容詞使用。如：disappointed, excited,moved, puzzled, pleased, surprised, lost等。The window is broken.窗戶碎了。Don t get so excited. 別這么激動(dòng)。1.用作表語的過去分詞被動(dòng)意味很弱， 主要表示動(dòng)作的完成和狀態(tài)，此時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞。2.被動(dòng)語態(tài)的過去分詞動(dòng)詞意味很強(qiáng) ,句子主語為動(dòng)作的承受者，后面常跟 by 短語。 The glass is broken.The glass was broken by Tom. The windows are closed.The windows

15、are closed by Jack.3.表示 “感覺流露 ”的一些過去分詞(如 : interested,surprised, excited,frightened,shocked) 和一些過去分詞(如 dressed, drunk, devoted, lost, known)常用作表語,表示狀態(tài) .其中有些僅表示狀態(tài),毫無被動(dòng)意味。 How did the audience receive the new play?They got veryexcited . How did Bob do in the exams this time?Well, his father seemspleas

16、ed with his results. She was very disappointed to hear the result. He s quite experienced in teaching beginners.作表語練習(xí)：Cleaning women in big cities usually get _by the hour.A. payB. payingC. paidD. to pay該題考查分詞作表語的用法?！?to pay sb. by the hour計(jì)時(shí)”給某人報(bào)酬。此題被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)作表語。 類似的有： get burnt, get hurt , get wounded.

17、1.The rooms are _, so you can t move in.A. paintedB. paintingC. being paintedD. to be painted2.As soon as he entered the city, he _.A. was losingB. got losingC. grew lostD. got lost3. What he has done is really _.Now his parents are _ him.A. disappointing;disappointed atB. disappointing;disappointed

18、 aboutC. disappointing;disappointed withD. disappointed;disappointing by現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞做定語的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)意義，過去分詞表示被動(dòng)意義現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行，過去分詞表示狀態(tài)或完成a moving movie感人的電影a moved audience被感動(dòng)的觀眾boilingwater正在燒 ( 煮沸 ) 的水boiled water已煮沸的水developing countries反展中國家developed countries發(fā)達(dá)國家fallingleaves落葉 (正在進(jìn)行 )fallenleaves落葉 (

19、已經(jīng)完成 )The child standing over there is my brother.The room facing south is our classroom.The book writtenby Lu Xun is very good.The road completed yesterday is leading to Tibet.“ Sorry第二講、過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)用法歸納英語中過去分詞可作賓補(bǔ)，（此時(shí)的過去分詞一般是及物動(dòng)詞）表被動(dòng)意義或完成意義， 有時(shí)兩者兼而有之。 做賓補(bǔ)的過去分詞與賓語有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即賓語是過去分詞動(dòng)作的對(duì)象。如：She found the

20、door broken in when she came back.( 賓補(bǔ)與賓語有被動(dòng)的關(guān)系，表一種狀態(tài)。 )一 過去分詞用在表狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞keep,leave 等的后面。Eg:They kept the door locked for a long time.Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.( 諺語：少說多看）Don't leave such an important thing undone.Don't leave the windows broken like this all the time.二過分詞用在get,have

21、,make, 的后面。1.注意“ have + 賓語 +過去分詞”的兩種情況： A ）表 " 讓某人做某事 /讓某事（被人）做 " eg: I have had my bike repaired.The villagers had many trees planted just then.B) 表 " 遭遇到某種不幸，受到打擊 /受 .影響，蒙受 . 損失 " Eg:I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month.The old man had his leg broken in the accident.He ha

22、d his leg broken in the match yesterday.(MET1986)2."make+ 賓語 +過去分詞 ", 在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞的動(dòng)詞必須是表示結(jié)果含義的。如：They managed to make themselves understood in very simple English.I raised my voice to make myself heard.三 、 過 去 分 詞 用 在 感 觀 動(dòng) 詞 watch,notice,see,hear,listen to ,feel,find 等后面。如When we got to s

23、chool,we saw the door locked.We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.He felt himself cheated.The managers discussed the plan thatthey would like to seecarried out the next year.(NMET2000)四、過去分詞用在 want,wish,like ,expect等表示“希望，愿望”這一類動(dòng)詞后面做賓補(bǔ)。如The boss wouldn't like the problem discus

24、sed at the moment.I would like my house painted white.I want the suit made to his own measure.I wish the problem settled.五、過去分詞用在“ with + 賓語賓補(bǔ)”這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞與賓語之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。如：The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.With many brightly-coloured flowers planted around the building ,his hous

25、e looks like a beautiful garden.With everything well arranged,he left the office.六、過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、和不定式作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別?，F(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)： 賓語和補(bǔ)語之間是主謂關(guān)系。 其動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行。過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)： 賓語和補(bǔ)語之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。 其動(dòng)作先于謂語動(dòng)作。不定式作賓補(bǔ)： 表一個(gè)完成的動(dòng)作、 或表一個(gè)很短時(shí)間內(nèi)看到、聽到或感覺到的具體動(dòng)作。eg:He didn't notice me waiting.I heard the song sung in English.I saw him opening

26、 the window.I saw the window opened.I saw him open the window.I heard her sing the song in English.專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練1：1._ poor at English, I'm afraid I can't make myself _.A.To be;understand B.I'm ;to understand C.Being ;understanding D.Being;understood22.I have had my bike _ ,and I'm going to ha

27、ve somebody _14._ her friend was badly hurt,she burst into tears.my radio tomorrow.A.Hearing B.Having heard C.To hear D.HeardA.repair;to repair B.repairing;to be repaired C.repaired;repair D.to15._ his team had won, his face lit up at once.repair;repairingA.Knowing B.When knowing C.After knowing D.W

28、hen he knew3.You must get the work _ before Friday.專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練3：A.do B.to do C.doing D.done1.They hurried back home only to find their house _ into.4._ the room,the nurse found the tape-recorder _.A.break B.to break C.broken D.breakingA.Entering;stealingB.Entering;goneC.Tohave entered; being2.When he came

29、to,he foundhimself _ ona chair, with hisstolen D.Having entered;to be stolenhands _ back.5.We are pleased to see the problem _ so quickly.A.to sit;tied B.sitting;tying C.sat;tied D.sitting;tiedA.settled B.having been settled C.be settled D.settling3.We do not feel _ to enter modern buildings;everyth

30、ing about6.Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machinethem seems unfriendly.she had had _ went wrong again.( 上海 1999）A.invited B.inviting C.to invite D.to be invitedA.it B.it repaired C.repaired D.to be repaired(feel 后加形容詞，此處的invited 表主語 we的感受 )7.It is wise to have some money _ for o

31、ld age.(NMET1996)4.I'm going to have my letters _ tomorrowif I've got themA.put away B.keep up C.giveaway D.laidup (put away放好 ,ready by then.儲(chǔ)存 .備用 , 處理掉 , 放棄 ,拋棄 )A.to type B.type C.typed D.typing8.I don't want the children _ out in such weather.5.Every great culture in the past had it

32、s own ideas of beauty _A.take B.to take C.taken D.takingin art and literature.9.I'm afraid that Ican't make myself_be cause of mypoorA.expressed B.to express C.being expressed D.to be expressedEnglish.答案：A.understand B.understanding C.to understand D.understood專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練1： 1-10 DCDBA CACDD10.The m

33、urderer was brought in, withhis hands _ behind his專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練2： :1-15 BBAAD DDADC CDDADback.專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練3： :1-5 CDACAA.being tied B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied ( 表動(dòng)作完成）專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練 2：第三講、 Past Participle As the adverbial過分作狀語1.We found her greatly _.Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.A.i

34、mproving B.changed C.to help D.having disturbedWell-known for their expertise, his parents company.2.Jane got her bad tooth _ at the dentist's.Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of freshA.to put in B.pulled out C.pushed out D.drawing outair.3.When _ ,the museum will be open

35、to the publicnextExhausted, I slid into the bed and fell fast asleep.year.(上海 2002)過去分詞作狀語： 過去分詞作狀語時(shí)，說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或A.completed B.completing C.being completed D.to be completed情況，其等同于一個(gè)狀語從句。vt 過去分詞作狀語時(shí)與主句4.With a lot of difficulties _ ,they went to the seashore and had主語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示被動(dòng)和完成，vi過去分詞表示狀態(tài)a good re

36、st.或動(dòng)作的完成。A.settled B.settling C.to settle D.being settled5.The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be doneHeated , water changes into steam .to change it.(NMET2002)The professor came in, followed by a group of young people .A.begins B.having begun C.beginning D.begun( once begun在1 作原因狀語

37、，等于as / since / because 引導(dǎo)從句句中作狀語， begin 為及物動(dòng)詞 :“著手”）Moved by what she said ,we couldn t help crying . = ( As we are6._ ,they went home,_.moved by what she saidA.Their work had been finished;singing and laughing2 作時(shí)間狀語， 等于 when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間從句， 如果分詞表示的動(dòng)B.They had finished their work;sang and laughed作與謂語的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)

38、生，可在分詞前加when/while /untilC.Their work finished ;singing and laughing等使時(shí)間意義更明確。D.after their work finished;singing and laughingWhen heated , water can be changed into steam .7.Before he came to London,he had never heard a single EnglishSeen from the hill,the park looksvery beautiful .=( When theword

39、_park is seen from the hillA.speaking B.speak C.spoken D.to speak3 作條件狀語等于if/whether 引導(dǎo)從句8._ more attention,the trees could have grown better.Given more attention , the cabbages could have grown better .=A.Given B.To give C.Giving D.Having given( If they have been given more attention 9._ from space

40、,the earth withwater _70 of its surfaceCompared with you , we still have a long way to go= ( If welooks like a "blue blanket".are compared with youA.Seen ;covered B.Beingseen;covers C.Seeing;covering4 作方式或伴隨狀語D.Seen;coveringThe actress came in , followed by her fans .10._,the experiment wi

41、ll be successful.She sat by the window , lost in thought .A.If carefully doing B.If it done carefully C.If carefully done D.If5 作讓步狀語doing carefullyMuch tired ,he still kept on working .（ Although he was tired ,)11.The girl wrote a composition without _.he .A.ask B.asking C.being asked D.to be asked

42、6 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：當(dāng)分詞的邏輯主語不是主句主語時(shí)，分詞12.He finished his homework and then went on _me.可以有自己獨(dú)立的邏輯主語，這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。常A.helping B.with help C.with helping D.to help用來表示伴隨情況。13._where to go ,he asked a policeman.The boy rushed into the classroom , his face covered with sweat .A.Having lost his way and not knowingAl

43、l things considered ,your article is of great value than hers .B.Losing his way and didn't knowRewrite with proper conjunctionsC.Having lost his way and didn't know? Example : United we stand, divided we fall.D.Lost his way and didn't knowIf we are united, we will stand, but if we arediv

44、ided,we will3fall.2 _in 1636 ,Harvard is one of the most famous universities in1 Asked what had happened, he told us about it.the United States . When he was asked what had happened,A Being foundedB It was founded2 Well known for his expert advice, he received many invitationsC FoundedD Foundingto g

45、ive lectures.3 Unless _to speak ,you should remain silent at the conference . Because he was well known for his expert advice,A invitedB inviting3 Given more time, we would be able to do the work much better.C being invitedD having invitedIf we were given more time,4 _,but he still couldn t understa

46、nd it .4 Once translated intoChinese, the bookbecame very popularA He had been told many timesamong Chinese teenagers.B Having been told many timesOnce it was translated into Chinese,C Told many times5 Deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor.D Although he had been told many tim

47、esBecause she was deeply interested in medicine,5When first _tothemarket , these products enjoyed great6 Left alone at home, Sam did not feel afraid at all.success .Although he was left alone at home,A introducingB introducedC introduceD being introduced現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作狀語6 There seemed to be nothing _to d

48、o but _for the doctor .現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí)，與其邏輯主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，；而過去A leave / sendB left / to send分詞與其邏輯主語之間則表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系。C left / sendD leaving / sendSeeing these pictures, I couldn t help thinking of those days作介詞 but ,expect ,besides 的賓語，前面又有實(shí)意動(dòng)詞do 時(shí)，when I was in Beijing .Seen from the top of a thirty-storeyed不定式通常省去to

49、building, Beijing looks more magnificent. (see)7_everywhere , the wolves had no where _themselves .?選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞，關(guān)鍵看主句的主語。如A Hunting / hidingB To hunt / to hide分詞的動(dòng)作是主句的主語發(fā)出，分詞就選用現(xiàn)在分詞，C Hunted / hidingD Hunted / to hide反之就用過去分詞。例如：8 . The _ morning, the father came into the lonely house, _? Used for

50、 a long time, the book looks old.by his naughty boy.?由于用了很長時(shí)間，這本書看上去很舊。A. following, followingB. followed, followedUsing the book, I find it useful.C. following, followedD. followed, following?在使用的過程中，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很有用9. Mrs. White was glad to see the nurse _ after her son and was注意 :1.系表示主語所處的狀態(tài)pleased to see the boy well _ care of in the nursery._ in thought, he almostran into thecar infront