高考英語書面表達(dá)寫作指導(dǎo)書

1、高考英語書面表達(dá)寫作指導(dǎo)（上） 附模擬試題命題方式和內(nèi)容     書面表達(dá)是目前高考英語中唯一的主觀性試題，書面表達(dá)的質(zhì)量，很大程度上反映了考生的英語水平，也是高考成敗的一個(gè)重要砝碼。高考寫作主要命題方式為看圖作文、示意圖、簡表、提綱等；體裁主要有記敘文、應(yīng)用文和說明文。近年來，議論文的命題比重越來越大。     書面表達(dá)答題分類指導(dǎo)     （一）記敘文     記敘文是以記人敘事為主要內(nèi)容，以敘述為主要表達(dá)方式的文體。在高考英語書面表達(dá)中，記人和記事常常是相互聯(lián)系的。記敘

2、文包括人物介紹、故事、游記、報(bào)道、典故、日記等?？磮D作文也多屬于這一類。除第前面提到的外，記敘文還應(yīng)特別注意：     1、六要素（人物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、事件、原因和結(jié)果）完整；人物和事件是敘述的主體。     2、清楚明白，情節(jié)完整；但不要過分發(fā)揮，以防言多必失。     3、時(shí)態(tài)是一個(gè)值得注意的現(xiàn)象。通常事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間是確定時(shí)態(tài)的關(guān)鍵。表過去的事件和行為，用一般過去時(shí)，兼用別的過去時(shí)態(tài)，必要時(shí)也用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。敘述經(jīng)常性的事情時(shí)，以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主?？傊?，下筆前一定要統(tǒng)觀全局，確定好時(shí)態(tài)基點(diǎn)。例如（重慶卷04）

3、：     假設(shè)你是圖1中的男孩，請根據(jù)以下圖畫提供的情節(jié)線索，以Sharing Housework為題，用英文敘述你幫媽媽做家務(wù)的經(jīng)過及感想。 注意：1.書面表達(dá)必須包括圖畫所表現(xiàn)的主要內(nèi)容，可適當(dāng)增減細(xì)節(jié)，使其連貫、完整；     2.詞數(shù)：100左右。     One day, I was going to play football as usual when I saw Mum was washing clothes. She looked so aged and tired. “Its too

4、 hard for Mum to deal with the housework.” So I decided to stay to help Mum wash the clothes instead of playing football. A moment later, Ming Ming came and asked me to play football with him, but I refused him. I went on with my work until I finished washing all the clothes. I was tired out, but lo

5、oking at the clothes on the rope and thinking of the words with which Mum praised me, I felt very comfortable. Its our duty to help parents do some housework, I think.     （二）議論文     議論文以議論為主要表達(dá)方式，在書面表達(dá)中很常見。論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和論證是議論文缺     一不可的三要素。在議論文中，作者先就某一問題或現(xiàn)象提出自己的

6、觀點(diǎn)，然后輔之以相關(guān)的論據(jù)，并在此基礎(chǔ)上作邏輯和理論上的論證，這是全文的主要部分，最結(jié)得出結(jié)論。常見的議論文有科學(xué)社論、雜文、評論等。高考書面表達(dá)以評論為主，寫作時(shí)，應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：     1、結(jié)構(gòu)完整，條理清楚，論證嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)；     2、語言精練，準(zhǔn)確易懂，明確表達(dá)作者的觀點(diǎn)；     3、以議論為主，以說明、敘述、描寫等為輔；     4、重在說理，擺事實(shí)講道，切忌空泛無物。     高考議論文的寫作通常采用的是歸納推理法和正反對照法。例如（

7、全國卷III05）：     假設(shè)你是李華，最近國內(nèi)一家英文報(bào)紙正在討論北京動物園是否應(yīng)遷出市區(qū)。以下是你所在班級討論的情況。請你給該報(bào)寫一封信，反映討論結(jié)果。 贊成遷出：反對遷出：1游客多，交通堵塞1建于1906年，中外聞名2郊區(qū)環(huán)境好2搬遷易造成動物園死亡    注意：     1、詞數(shù)100左右，信的開頭已為你寫好。     2、可根據(jù)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。     3、參考詞匯：郊區(qū) suburb   &

8、#160; One possible version     June, 3,2005     Dear Editor,     Recently, our class have had a heated discussion about whether the Beijing Zoo should be moved out of the city. Some of my classmates are in favor of the move. They say large crowds of touri

9、sts to the zoo will result in traffic jams. They also say that once moved, animals will have more space and better living conditions in the suburbs. However, other students are against the idea, saying that the Beijing Zoo, built in 1906, has a history of 100 years, and is well-known at home and abr

10、oad. So it should remain where it is. Whats more, moving may cause the death of some animals. To move or not, this is a big decision which has to be made by people in Beijing. Yours truly, Li Hua高考模擬試題     1.春節(jié)的第四天，你和父母一同去叔叔家。在那里，媽媽告訴你叔叔家的貓生了一個(gè)小貓，     讓你給起個(gè)名字。吃飯時(shí)，你給貓媽媽喂

11、魚，她吃了一條之后，竟把第二條銜去喂小貓！寫一篇題為“A story of the Spring Festival”（春節(jié)紀(jì)事）的書面表達(dá)。要求：     (1)、 故事情節(jié)完整；可根據(jù)情節(jié)作適當(dāng)?shù)陌l(fā)揮，包括感想；     (2)、 詞數(shù)：不少于100。不包括已經(jīng)給出的部分。     A story of the Spring Festival     Todays the fourth day of the Spring Festival. I went to my unc

12、les home with my parents, where I saw a very interesting thing.     2.現(xiàn)在，越來越多的學(xué)生參加課外活動，甚至還參加了一些社會活動。為此，同學(xué)們持兩種不同的觀點(diǎn)。假設(shè)你是李華，請根據(jù)表格中的提示，給報(bào)社記者寫一封信。     你的看法 反對者的觀點(diǎn) 你的看法反對者的觀點(diǎn)1、  學(xué)生應(yīng)該積極參加課外活動；2、  它可以幫助學(xué)生提高多方面的能力；3、  有利于學(xué)生的身心健康1、  學(xué)生應(yīng)該全力以赴搞好學(xué)習(xí)；2、  課外活動

13、耽誤時(shí)間；3、  學(xué)生參加社會活動為時(shí)尚早    注：1、可根據(jù)主題思想，作適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；     2、字?jǐn)?shù)：100左右。書信的開頭已經(jīng)為你寫好，不包含在字?jǐn)?shù)內(nèi)。     Dear editor,     Now our school life is very rich and colourful. More and more students have been taking part in all kinds of out-of-class and social a

14、ctivities.     參考例文：     1.One possible version（給出部分已?。?    I arrived at my uncles at 9 a.m. My mother told me, “The cat of your grandmother had a baby yesterday. Can you give her a name?” “Kitty, OK?” I said happily. “OK. Do you want to see her?” Uncle a

15、sked. I said “yes” and couldnt wait to see the baby cat.     Oh, what a nice baby cat! She was sleeping and looked so lovely. At lunchtime, I gave the mother cat some fish. She finished it quickly and asked me for more. But to my surprise, she gave it to Kitty! What a kind mother!

16、60;   Today Ive once again experienced the truth of great love of Mother with my own eyes!     2. One possible version:     Dear editor,     . However, some students think students should go all out to study their lessons well instead of joining in such activities. They say that itll lose time for their studies and that its too early for students take part in social activities.     But I cant agree with them. I think students should take an active part in various activities to improve their a