人教版英語八年級下unit3講解與練習

1、培生學堂八年級下Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?Section A1. Few, a few, little, a littleFew幾乎沒有+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)There are few people in the room.Little幾乎沒有+ 不可數(shù)名詞There was little rain all winter.A few少數(shù)，幾個+ 可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)He left his house a few minutes ago.A little一點，少許+不可數(shù)名詞Could you give me a little milk?【例】 The gi

2、rl in purple is new here, so _ people know her.A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little2. solve vt. 解答，解決Few students can solve the physics blem 指客觀存在的等待解決的“問題 ”，著重困難；e.g.: The students are working on a math problem.question 指對某事懷疑因而提出等待回答的 “問題 ”，著重疑惑和不能斷定 e.g.: The students are asking the teac

3、her some questions.3. For one week, she didn t do any housework and neither did I.“ neither + be動詞 / 助動詞 / 情態(tài)動詞 +主語 ”表示 “也不 ”。e.g.: He doesn t like swimming and neither do I.知識擴展：neither 作代詞，意為“（兩者）都不 ”e.g.: Neither of my parents is at home.neither 作形容詞，與名詞單數(shù)連用，意為 “（兩者）都不的 ” e.g.: Neither answer is

4、right.neither nor意為 “既不 也不 ”e.g.: The room is neither big nor bright.典型例題：I can t play the piano, and _.A. neither can my sisterB. my sister can t, too.C. so can t my sisterD. can my sister, either4. Finally, I could not find a clean dish or a clean shirt.or 連詞意為 “也不 ”，表示并列關系，常用于否定句，連接并列的詞或短語。e.g.:

5、He can t read or write.表示選擇關系，用于陳述句，意為“或，或者 ”；用于疑問句中，意為“還是 ”e.g.: Answer yes or no.Is your bag red or black?e.g.: Hurry up, or you表示轉折關系，意為 ll be late.“否則，要不然 ”培生學堂八年級下5. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV . as soon as 一 “ 就 ”,引導時間狀語從句e.g.: He left as soon as h heard the news.

6、【辨析】in front of 與 in the front of 區(qū)別in front of在 “ 的前面 ”，是指在一定范圍外e.g.: Mary is in front of the car.in the front of在 “的前部 ”，是指在一定范圍內e.g.: Cathy is in the front of the car.7. pass vt. 傳遞 pass sb. sth.= pass sth. to sb. 遞給某人某物 e.g.: Please pass me a towel.=8. lend, borrow 和 keep 的區(qū)別lend vt. ( 過去式、過去分詞l

7、ent) 借給，借出人某物延續(xù)性常用短語：lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb.借給某e.g.: Jack lent his book to Mary last week.borrow vt.借，借用常用短語： borrow sb. sth. = borrow sth. from sb.向某人借某物非延續(xù)性e.g.: Sam borrowed a car from his friend.keep vt. 延續(xù)性動詞；保持，保存延續(xù)性e.g.: Mary may keep the book for two weeks.典型例題：- Can I _ your bike?-

8、With pleasure. But you mustnA. lend; borrowB. borrow; lend t _ it to others.C. lend; lendD. borrow; borrowSection B9. waste n. 不可數(shù)浪費，廢物，垃圾e.g.: I hate waste.固定結構： a waste of time 浪費時間adj. 無用的，浪費的，荒廢的e.g.: We shouldn t throw waste paper about.vt. 浪費e.g.: People shouldn t waste food.10. 四種 “花費 ”(1) sp

9、end vt. 指花費時間、金錢或精力；主語為人。結構： sb. spend time/ money on sth.= sb. spend time/ money (in) doing sth.e.g.: She spent 50 dollars on the skirt.(2) pay v. 指支付、花費金錢；主語為人。結構： sb. pay (sb.) money (for sth.)e.g.: She paid 50, 000 dollars for the car.(3) cost v. 指花費金錢、精力等；主語為物。培生學堂八年級下結構： sth. costs (sb.) money

10、.e.g.: The house cost them a lot of money.(4) take v. 指花費時間。結構： It takes sb. time to do sth. it 為形式主語 e.g.: It took him three weeks to finish the work.11. provide vt. 提供，供給結構： provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth. 為某人提供某物e.g.: He has to provide food and clothes for his family.習語： It all depen

11、ds.That depends.視情況而定。12. since 連詞 自 以后；自 以來，引導時間狀語從句e.g.: It is two years since we visited your mother.由為，既然，引導原因狀語從句e.g.: Since we don t have money, we can t buy a house.13. As a result, he often fell ill and his grades dropped. as a result 習慣用語，意為 “結果，因此 ”e.g.: As a result, we had to change our p

12、lan.as a result of 由于 ,作為 的結果e.g.: He was late as a result of snow.此處 fall(fell, fallen)為聯(lián)系動詞Finally she fell silent.【辨析】 fall ill與 be illFall ill“生病 ” 一時動作非延續(xù)Be ill“生病 ” 狀態(tài)延續(xù)“進入某種狀態(tài)；變成”He fell ill last week.He has been ill for a week.Conclusion of the unit1. do the dishes 洗餐具2. take out the rubbish

13、 倒垃圾3. go out 出去4. help out 幫助做完某事5. at least 至少6. in surprise 驚訝地7. throw down 扔下8. all the time 頻繁，反復9. spend on在 花費（時間或金錢）10. as soon as 一 就 11. in order to 為了12. provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth. 為某人提供某物13. depend on 依賴，信賴14. look after = take care of照顧，照看15. get into 進入16. as a resul

14、t 結果，因此單元練習一單項填空（共從每小題所給的培生學堂八年級下17 finish doing sth.做完某事18. mind doing sth.介意做某事19. learn how to do sth.學會怎樣做某事20. the+比較級， the+比較級越 就越 【Grammar 】 - 情態(tài)動詞could 的用法情態(tài)動詞could 用于有禮貌地提出要求或請求準許，用于疑問句， 代替 can，在時間上與can沒有區(qū)別，但語氣要比can 委婉、有禮貌?；卮饡r要用can，不能用 could 。除此之外，肯定回答還可以用 Sure./ Certainly./ Yes, sure./ No

15、problem. /With pleasure. 等；否定回答還可以用 I'm afraid not. 等Could you please lend me your dictionary?Yes, sure.Could 的其他用法：(1) could 為 can 的過去式，表示能力。e.g.: He said that he couldn t come.(2) 表示驚異、懷疑、不相信等態(tài)度，主要用于否定句和疑問句，此時上區(qū)別，但語氣比can 緩和，情緒要弱。e.g.: He couldn t / can t be over fifty.could與 can 無時間(3) 表示可能性，指

16、對將來、現(xiàn)在或過去某種可能的推測。e.g.: My wife is in hospital our baby could arrive at any time.(4) 用于虛擬語氣e.g.: How I wish I could go with you!15 小題；每小題1 分，滿分15 分）A、 B、 C、D 四個選項中選出一個可以填入空白處的最佳選項。()1. Could you pleaseyour room, Tom?.A. cleaning, No problemB. clean, CertainlyC. to clean, Of courseD. clean, No I could

17、n t()2. Do you like to_ your bed? No， I hate to_ choresA do；doB do；makeC make；doD make； make()3._ you tell me how I_ get to the No 168 Middle School?A Do ； canB Can； couldC Could ； canD Could ； could()4. Miss White, I mgoing out, could you _ my child for a while?A. look for B. look over C. look at D

18、. look after()5._ you like a cup of tea?A. Would B. Do C. Are D. Could()6. It is a year of ox. My parents gave _a nice toy ox on New Year sDay.A. I B. me C. mine D. my()7. Meimei is _the difficult math problem. I msure she ll.培生學堂八年級下A. working on; work it onB. working out; work it outC. working out

19、; work it onD. working on; work it out()8. Could you _the window? I feel a little cold.A. please not openB. please not to openC. not please to closeD. please not to close()9. Many kids like _ very much, but they are not good for their health.A.singers B. chores C. snacksD.watching TV()10. Could I us

20、e your computer, Dad? Sorry, you _. I mgoing to work on it.A. wouldn tB. can tC. needn tD. don thave to()11. _ do you do the dishes? Every day.A. How soon B. How longC. How oftenD. When()12. Could you buy us _ drinks? Sorry, I don thave _ money.()13. Excuse me, Peter. There ssomething wrong with my

21、car. Could I _ ?A. go for a drive B. get a rideC. give me a ride D. go for a walk()14. There are still a few hamburgers. Would you like to have _one, Julia?A. the other B. other C. others D. another()15. My dad tells me not to _ too late in the evening. He says it is dangerous.A. stay out B. grow up

22、 C. come outD. get up二完形填空（共 10 小題；每小題2 分，滿分 20 分）閱讀下列短文，從每小題所給的A 、B、C、 D 四個選項中選出一個最佳選項。Lisa is serious about the chores in her house. She gives her children things that they16doaccording to their ages. She started by asking John, the 17 of her two sons, to help with the dishe s. It is now an easy c

23、hore 18 the 15-year-old. His 13-year-old brother, Dave, now 19 John too They take turns ( 輪流 )washing the 20 each week.The boys also clean their study tables, make their beds and 21 food from the market on Sunday mornings. Besides (除了 )These， the boys also know how to cook easy meals 22 their parent

24、s are not at home.The family of 23live in a big house but they do all the housework themselves. Lisa says, "When I was young, my father wanted us to do things on our own and learn how to 24 ourselves.Now I mdoing it to my kids."John says,"Doing chores is 25. You can learn important li

25、fe skills and responsibility (責任 )."()16. A. mustB. canC. mayD. will()17. A. elderB. tallerC. youngerD. shorter()18. A. withB. as C. forD. by()19. A. likesB. findsC. hatesD. helps()20. A. handsB. dishesC. fruitD. clothes()21. A. borrowB. cookC. buyD. sell()22. A. whenB. howC. whatD. why()23. A.

26、 twoB. threeC. fourD. five()24. A. work onB.live inC.look atD. take care of()25. A. difficultB. goodC. badD. Boring培生學堂八年級下三補全對話（共5 小題；每小題 1 分，滿分 5 分）根據(jù)對話內容， 從方框內的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，其中有兩個為多余選項。(Rose and Ann are talking about chores.)Rose: Ann, could you please get me some water?Ann: Sure.26Rose: I msw

27、eeping the floor.Ann: Do you like it?Rose:27Itstoo boring, but I have to do it. How about you?Ann: I hate sweeping the floor, too, but I like other chores.Rose: Really? 28Ann: I like to make the bed and water the flowes.Rose:29Ann: Yes.30And you?Rose: I agree. I often help my mother do the dishes.A.

28、I think it srelaxing.B.Do you like doing the dishes?C. What do you want to do?D.No, not really.E.What are you doing now?F.Yes, it svery interesting.G.What chores do you like?四閱讀理解（共 10 小題；每小題3 分，滿分 30 分）閱讀下列短文，從每小題所給的A 、B、C、 D 四個選項中選出一個最佳選項。ADo teenagers in small villages do chores at home? How abou

29、t the teenagers in big cities? Here is a survey. We asked 4,000 teenagers in China several questions. Half of them come from big cities li ke Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou.The others are from small villages.We made a diagram of the result of our survey. Let shave a look at it.We found out that tee

30、nagers from small villages do more chores than those from big cities. Maybe it is because they live a harder life. Our advice to parents in big cities is that parents should give their children some chores to do. Doing chores teaches teenagers to take care of themselves.培生學堂八年級下()31. They surveyed _

31、 teenagersfrom small villages.A. 1,000B. 2,000C. 3,000D. 4,000()32. There are 1,000 teenagersfrom the cities who _.A. take out the trash B. do the dishes C. make the bed D. fold the clothes()33. Fewer than _ teenagers in big cities sweep the floor and make the bed.A. 500B. 1,000C. 1,500D. 2,000()34.

32、 The number of teenagers _ in big cities is bigger than that in small villages.A. making the bedB. taking out the trash C. folding the clothesD.doing the dishes()35. Why did they make the survey?A. Becausethey don twant teenagersin China to do chores at home.B. Because they thought it willhelp teena

33、gersto take good care ofthemselves to do chores at home.C. Because they wanted to know if teenagersin China do chores at home.D.Because they thought it snot necessaryfor teenagers to look after themselves.CAn exhausted（筋疲力盡的）looking woman came into the doctorsoffice.She said, “ Doctor,there are a lo

34、t of dogs all over my neighborhood. They bark（犬吠）all day and all night, and I can tget a good sleep.”“Ihave good news for you, ”the doctor said, taking out asmall bottle. “ Hereare some new sleeping pills （安眠藥）that work like a dream. A few of theseand your trouble will be over. ”“ Great,thank you. ”

35、 the woman was very glad to go back home with the pills. A few weeks later, the woman cameagain, looked worse than ever. She said, “ Doctor,your pills are not good at all.I more tired than before. ”“Idon tunderstand how that could be, ”said the doctor, shaking his head, “ Thoseare the strongest pill

36、s on the market.”“ Thatmay betrue, answered”the woman, “ butI mstill up all night running afterthose dogs and when I finally catch one, it is hard to get him to eat the pills.”()36. The woman came to seethe doctor because_.A. her dog was ill B. she was bitten（被咬） by dogsC. shecouldn tsleep well D. h

37、er son was ill()37. The doctor gave some pills to the woman for _.A. the dogsB. herself C. her son D. her neighbors()38. The woman got _ in a few weeks.A. worseB. healthier C. better D. stronger()39. Which of the following is RIGHT?A. The doctor gave the woman wrong pills.B. The woman liked to run w

38、ith the dogs.C. The woman took the pills but the pills didn twork at all.D. The woman might feel better if she took the pills.()40. When he heard what the woman said, the doctor might think that _.A. he gave the woman the right pillsB. the woman was a very clever personC. the woman was very foolish

39、（愚蠢的） D. he should give the woman the pills again 五單詞拼寫（共 10 小題；每小題 1 分，滿分 10 分）A) 根據(jù)首字母及漢語提示，完成下列單詞的拼寫，使句意明確，語言通順。培生學堂八年級下41.I don tthink children should d(依靠 ) on their parents too much.42. John often helps his mother do c(家務 ),like folding the clothes , taking out the rubbish or cleaning the living room.43. Alice h_ (厭惡 )to do the dishes, but she likes sweeping the floor.44. Playing computer games too much is a w_( 浪費 ) of your time.45. My bike is broke