仁愛英語八年級下冊語法精品精編資料

1、仁愛英語八年級下冊語法復(fù)習及配套練習一，系動詞及用法。大多數(shù)聯(lián)系動詞后面接形容詞，seem 后還可接不定式, be后可接副詞、名詞、介詞短語等。聯(lián)系動詞和后面的表語一起構(gòu)成句子的謂語。初中階段常見的聯(lián)系動詞有 be , look( 看起來 ) ，seem（似乎，好像）， feel( 感覺，感到 ) ，sound(聽起來 )， smell（聞起來），taste（嘗起來），get(變 )，become(變得，成為 )，turn(變 )，go（變），grow(變 )，等。 表條件狀語 if, unless, as long as, 從句中動詞時態(tài)不可用將來時，常用一般時代替目 的 狀 語 so th

2、at, in order that, so that 和 in order that 后常接 may, should, could, would 等情態(tài)動詞結(jié)果狀語so that, such that時間狀語從句，其連接詞有：after ， before， when， as， as soon as， until (ti多。而 for 表達的因果關(guān)系最弱。它不能用于句首，如： He studies hard, for he wants to go to college.比較狀語從句中有同級比較as , as， 要注意的有兩點： as , as 中間要用原級而不是比較級。 用形容詞還是副詞，如：M

3、ary writes as carefully as Tom.Mary is as careful as Tom.狀語從句練習示變化的系動詞的區(qū)別：天氣變化用get; 顏色的變化用turn; 由好變壞用 go; 逐漸變化用 grow; 好變壞、壞變好用 become 或 get;成為用 become. 翻譯下列句型：面包變酸了（sour）._這朵花聞起來很香sweet_這種食物嘗起來是咸的（salty） _那個婦女瘋了。_她似乎很擔心。_她感到煩惱。 _這首歌聽起來很動聽。_樹木變得越來越綠。_他變得越來越老。_天氣變得越來越暖和。_似乎要下雨。_保持健康。_最后，她成為了一名女警察。_我感到

4、失望。 _二，狀語從句種類 連接詞注意點時間狀語 when, while, before, after, until, as soon as,主句表示將來意義時，從句須用一般現(xiàn)在時(主將從現(xiàn) )；while 引導(dǎo)的從句中動詞一般是延續(xù)性的；until用在肯定句中主句動詞是延續(xù)性的，而否定句中主句動詞為短暫性的。地點狀語 where, 原因狀語 because, as, since,because語氣最強， since 較弱，表示大家都明了的原因，as 又次之。ll) ， while ， since， by1._ hesold, he can still carry this heavy bag

5、.1 until (till)直到，在用 until 表達時間狀語的句子A. Though B. Since C. For D. So中，主句中的動詞是要十分小心去選擇。如動詞2.Do you know if he _ to play basket ball with us?是持續(xù)性動詞，它要用肯定句，如：I think he will come if he _ free tomorrow.I studied hard _ 12 o'clock last night.如 果A. comes; is B. comes; will be動詞是瞬間截止性動詞，則要用否定句，如：C. will

6、 come; is D. will come; will beHe _ go to bed_ until his mother cam3.In the zoo if a child _ into the water and can tswim, the back.e dolphins may come up _ him.2 在狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時表示A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help將來。它們可能是主句用一般將來時，從句用一C. will fall; help D. falls; helping般現(xiàn)在時，如：4.I don tremem

7、ber _ he worked in that city when heIf it rains, they won't go to the park on Sunday.was young. A. what B. which C. where D. whoas 強調(diào)隨著時間推移，當 時。5.We will stay at home if my aunt _ to visit us tomor考試中常見的考點有：要學生區(qū)別是條件、時間row. A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming狀語從句還是賓語從句，因在賓語從句中該用什6.The poli

8、ce asked the children _ cross the street _么 時態(tài)用 什么時 態(tài)，如：_ the traffic lights turned green.I want to know if he will come here tomorrow.A. not; before B. don whent; C. not to; until D. not; afterif it rains, he will not come.原因狀語從句中主要7. I was late for class yesterday _ there was something是wrong with

9、my bike. A. when B. thatC. until D. because because， 因為 .表達的因果關(guān)系最強，如：8. I goll swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow.He didn't pass the exam because he didn't study harA. will be B. shall be C. am D. wasd since應(yīng)譯為"既 然 "， 如 ：9. In the exam, the _ you are, _ the _ miSince you were i

10、ll yesterday, I left some notes on ystakes you will make. A. careful; littleB. more careful; four desk. as 應(yīng)譯為 "由于" ，ewest C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less如： As it is too hot we'd better go swimming.10. You should finish your lessons _ you go out to palsince 與 as 所表達的因果關(guān)系遠比

11、because 弱得y. A. before B. after C. when D. while11. I hurried _ I wouldn tbe late for class. A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless12. When you read the book, you dbetter make a mark _ you have any questions.A. which B. that C. where D. though13. The teacher raised his voice _ all the students coul

12、d hear him. A. for B. so that C. because D. in order14. He took off his coat _ he felt hot.A. because B. as C. if D. since15. It is _ that wedlike to go out for a walk.A. a lovely dayB. too lovely a dayC. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day16. Mary had _ much work to do that she stayed at her offic

13、e all day. A. such B. so C. too D. very17. _ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work.A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if18. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As19. _ well you can drive, you must drive carefully.A. So long asB. In order thatC. No matter ho

14、wD. The moment20. Write to me as soon as you _ to Beijing.A. will get B. get C. getting D. got 二 . 根據(jù)中文意思完成下列英語句子1. 布魯斯太太對學生非常親切， 以至于學生都很喜歡她。Mrs Bruce was _ kind to her students _they all_ her very much .2. 只要我們竭盡全力，父母就會滿意我們的表現(xiàn)。Our parents will be pleased with our performance _ _ we try our best.3.

15、你一到上海就給我打個電話好嗎？Will you please call me _ _ _ you get to Shanghai.4. 雖然她很忙，她還堅持自學英語。_ _ _ _, she kept on learning English by herself.5. 他長大后想當一名老師。He wants to be a teacher _ _ _.6 如果人人為保護環(huán)境做出貢獻，世界將會變得更美好。_ _ _ _ _ to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.7. 李明昨天沒來上學，因為

16、他病了。Li Mingdidn tcome to school _ _ _.三，賓語從句1. 賓語從句的連接詞賓語從句是一種主從復(fù)合句，在句中作及物動詞或介詞的賓語。根據(jù)賓語從句原先（做賓語之前）的句式，我們把賓語從句分為三類。1）. 賓語從句原先是陳述句的，由 that 連接。 that只有語法作用，沒有實在的意義，在口語和非正式文體中可以省略。例如：He said. He wanted to stay at home.He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesn tknow. She is seriously ill.She does

17、n tknow_I am sure . He will succeed.I am sure _.2）. 賓語從句原先是特殊疑問句的，由其本身疑問詞連接。連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和 連 接 副 詞when, where, why, how 。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當某個成分。例如：Do you know ？ Who (whom) are they waiting for?Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?Can you tell me? Where is the No.3 bus sto

18、p ?_I don tknow. Why is the train late?_3）.賓語從句原先是一般疑問句的，由 if 或 whether。 If和 whether 在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：I want to know. Does he live there?I want to know if he lives there?He asked me. Was there a book store on Center Street?_2. 賓語從句的語序賓語從句的語序應(yīng)為陳述句（主謂式）的語序。例如： I hear (that) physics isn t easy.I think (t

19、hat) you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when we ll have the meeting.3. 賓語從句的時態(tài)1. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句該用什么時態(tài)就用什么時態(tài)。 如：I don tthink (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?2. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時，賓語從句

20、只能用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)（一般過去時， 過去進行時， 過去將來時，過去完成時）。例如： He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.He asked if you had written to Peter.He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.3. 如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.S

21、cientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.1They want to know _ do to help us.A. what they canB. how they canC. how can theyD. what can they2 His teacher _ he _ bright and _ he wasworth teaching.A. didn t think; was; thatB. thought was; whetherC. didn t think; was;×D .thought; wa

22、sn t; ×3_ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where學習賓語從句要抓住三要素：連接詞、語序和時態(tài)。1.引導(dǎo)詞1從句為陳述句，常選擇引導(dǎo)詞that 或?qū)?that 省略，直接與主句相連。 2從句為一般疑問句，常選擇引導(dǎo)詞 if 或 whether 。在 whether or not 結(jié)構(gòu)中不能用 if 替換。3從句為特殊疑問句，常選擇 what, when, where, which, who, how 等的疑問代、 副詞作引導(dǎo)詞。注意：當 who 為主語時，句式為： w

23、ho+ 謂語 +其他2.判斷時態(tài)情況1主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句為各種時態(tài)情況。2主句是一般過去時，從句為各種相應(yīng)過去時態(tài)注意；描繪客觀事實，用一般現(xiàn)在時。The teacher told the children that the sun_ round.A. wasB. isC. wereD. are2 I believe that our team_ the basketball match.A. winB. wonC. will winD. wins3 I don t know_ to visit the old man.A. whether B. if C. that D. who 3.賓

24、語從句的用法1that 引導(dǎo)賓語從句無意義，不充當句子成分常省略。但下列情況除外： (1) 介詞賓語從句的 that 不省略(2) and 連接的幾個從句，第二個從句以后的從句的that不省略。He told me (that) he had two sons and that they both had gon e to college.(3)在動詞 +it+ 賓語補足語 +賓語從句結(jié)構(gòu)中， that 不省略。 I heard it said that he had gone abroadWe found it impossible that he could finish it in su

25、ch a short time 2.Whether,if 引導(dǎo)賓語從句：兩詞可互換，但是下列情形除外：(1)whether 從句中有 or not (2) 介詞后用 whether. Eerything depends on whether you agree with us3賓語從句的語序要用陳述句語序False: He is wondering when can he finish this diffi cult job.Right: He is wondering _ finish this difficultjob.4 帶有賓語從句的復(fù)合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。 即否定前移 。F:

26、 I think he doesn tlike the English teacher. .T: I _ think he _ the English teacher.5. 主句一般過去時態(tài)， 從句也要用過去時態(tài)； 即主過從過。False: He wanted to know why he is crying in the corner.Right: He wanted to know _ _ crying in the corner.1. I don't know _ he will come tomorrow._ he comes, I'll tell you A. if;

27、 Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If2. I don't know _ the day after tomorrow.A. when does he comeB. how will he comeC. if he comesD. whether he'll come3. Could you tell me _ the nearest hospita l is?A. whatB. howC. whetherD. where4. Could you tell me _ the radio without a ny he

28、lp?A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended5. I want to know _.A. whom is she looking afterB. whom she is lookingC. whom is she lookingD. whom she is looking after6. Do you know where _ now?A. he livesB. does he liveC. he livedD. did he live7. Do you know what time _

29、? A. the train leave B. does the train leaveC. will the train leaveD. the train leaves8. I don't know _. Can you tell me, please?A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players C. the two players are how old D. howold the two players are9. The small children don't know _.A. wha

30、t is their stockings inB. what is in their stockingsC. where is their stockings inD. what in their stockings10. I can't understand _.A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does mean C. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas means1. Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China? Could you tell

31、us? Could you tell us _ Mr. Brown _ living inChina?2. "Does the girl need any help? ” he asked me.He asked me _ the girl _ some help 3. Jim is not a student. Tom is not a student, either._ Jim _Tom is a student.4. When does the train leave? I want to know.I want to know _ the train _.5. They we

32、nt home after they had finished their homework. They _ go home _ they had finished their homework 6. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know.Li Lei wants to know _ Peter _ here yesterday.四，形容詞和副詞比較等級：形容詞和副詞的比較等級分為原級，比較級和最高級。比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成一般是在形容詞和副詞后加-er 和-est， 多音節(jié)和一些雙音節(jié)詞前加more 和 most。1. 同級比較

33、時常常用as as以及 not so(as) as如：I am not so good a player as you are.2. 可以修飾比較級的詞有：much, many, a lot, even, a bit, a little3. 表示一方隨另一方變化時用“the + 比較級 the + 比較級”句型。如：The harder you work, the more progress you will make.4. 用比較級來表達最高級的意思。如：I have never spent a more worrying day.5. 表示倍數(shù)的比較級有如下2 種句型：Our school

34、 is three times larger than yours./Our school is four times as large as yours.副詞比較級基本用法。副詞的比較等級形式與變化與形容詞大致相同，以后綴-ly 結(jié)尾的比較級和最高級大多在前面加more 和 most(1) 原級。 As + adj. / adv. 原級 + as和一樣。(2) 比較級。 Adj. / adv. 比較級 + than 比更(3) 最高級。三者或三者以上比較時，常用 the + adj. / adv. 最高級 + in/of （比較范圍） 副詞最高級前可以省略 the* 否定比較級可用 less

35、 + adj. / adv. 原級 + than.* 同級比較中第一個 as 前面用序數(shù)詞或量詞修飾，可表示倍數(shù)關(guān)系。 * 形容詞和副詞比較級前用much a lot 等修飾，表示不同程度。 * 借助 other 、else 或否定詞，比較級形式可用來表示最高級概念。(4) the + 比較級， the + 比較級。 表示 越越 (5) 比較級 + and + 比較級。 表示 越來越1. 原級：表示 A 與 B 在某方面相同。as as ,not as/so as .注意： not as / so as = less than 不及；不如 .less+原形，否定的比較級.eg. This bo

36、ok isn t as interesting as that one= This book is _ _ _ that one.=That book is _ _ _this one.2.比較級：兩者進行比較（常與than 連用）Which is _ useful, this one or that one?哪本書更有趣，這本還是那本？3.最高級：三者（或三者以上）進行比較（常與表范圍的 in , of 短語連用）1)Shanghai is the _(big) city in China.2)He runs _(fast) in our class.3)He is the _(tall)

37、of the three boys.4.形、副比較等級的其他用法1) “比較級 and 比較級” 表示 “越來越 ”lazier and lazier 越來越懶 .注意：多音節(jié)詞用此結(jié)構(gòu)時應(yīng)為more and more + ( 形、副 ).more and more beautiful 越來越漂亮2) “ the 比較級， the 比較級” “越 ，越 ,”_you are, _ you will get.你越懶，收獲越少。注意 : the 后是用形容詞還是副詞。你越細心。 The more _ you are.=The more _ you do.3) “ the 比較級 of + 二者”

38、“二者中較 的一個”Lucy is the _(young) of the twins.4)表示二者相差多少用 “具體數(shù)量 + 比較級” My brother is_ _ _ than me.(大兩歲 )5) 表 示 “ 是 幾 倍 ” 時 用 “ twice; three times等 + as as”This book _ _ as _as that one.這本書的價錢是那本書的兩倍。He has _ _ as _ booksas I have 他擁有的書是我擁有的四倍。6)區(qū)別 older / elder 與 farther / furtherolder（年齡較老的）elder（指兄弟

39、姐妹中排行在前的） eg. My _ brother is _ than me.farther (指距離“較遠的” )further( 指抽象事物的“更進一步的” ) He went abroad for _ studies.Beijing is _ from our hometown than Chongqing.1. 比較級前用 a little 一點兒 ; much / a lot even / still ，表示“ 得多 ； 更 .1) a little bigger大一點兒2)much more多得多3)even heavier更 重但 注 意 ： 不 能 在 比 較 級 前 加so

40、; too; very; quite 等。這些詞用在原形前。2.比較級必須是同類事物相比（即 as; than 后的詞應(yīng)與主語是 The 同 類 事 物 ）， 注 意 常 用 漏 的 代 詞 有 ：that; those; one; ones。My hair is longer than _ (she)The silk or woolen scarves feel softer than _made of cotton3.個體與整體相比，不能包括個體，常用“any other + 單數(shù)名詞”來進行比較。1）Betty is cleverer than any student in her cl

41、ass (× )正：Betty is cleverer than _ _ student in her class.= Betty is cleverer than ( _ ) _ students in her class. =Betty is cleverer than _ _ in her class. = _ _ is clever than Betty. =Betty is the _in her class.2)China is bigger than _ _ in Africa.中國比非洲的任何一個國家都大。3) China is bigger than _ _ _in

42、 A sia. 中國比亞洲任何一個其他國家大。*4. 使用最高級時應(yīng)把主語包括在范圍內(nèi)。Mary is the tallest of all her sisters.( × ) (all her sisters 已排除了 Mary) 改： Mary is the tallest of all the sisters.5. 表示“第二、第三, , ”時，可在最高級前加“ second , third, , ”（ 但 “ 第 一 ” 可 以 省 略 用 first ） Yellow River is the _ _ river in China.1.Your idea sounds mu

43、ch _ than his.A, interestingB, interestedC, more interestingD, more interested2.In my opinion, Timdoesn twrite English _his sister.A, as clear asB, so clear asC, more clearly asD, as clearly as3.Simon is a fast runner. John runs even faster. But Liu Xiangruns _. A, fasterB, a bit fasterC, fastD, fas

44、test4.Shanghai is my hometown. It is one of _ in China.A, the biggest cityB, the biggest citiesC, a biggest cityD, the big city5.Their English songs sounded _. I think they must get the first prize.A, wellB, wonderfulC, sweetlyD, wonderfully6.It is _ to work out this maths problem. You needn task ot

45、 hers.A, very easilyB, easy enoughC, enough easilyD, enough easy7.I don tlike buying clothes. I like to spend money collectingstamps _. A, tooB, eitherC, alsoD, instead8.I ran _ than Maria in the 400-metre race.A, much fast B, more fast C, much faster D, more faster 9.Simon is a fast runner. John ru

46、ns even faster. But Liu Xiang runs _. A, faster B, the fastest C, fast D, fastest 10.Mary used to be the tallest girl in Class Two. But now Alice is _ than Mary.A, tallB, tallerC, tallestD, the tallest11.I think Liu Xiang, the famous runner, will be _ star inAsia and in the world as well.A, hotB, ho

47、tterC, hottestD, the hottest12.Their English songs sound _. I like them.A, wellB, wonderfulC, sweetlyD, wonderfully13.I msure he can run _ to win the first prize.A, enough fastB, fast enoughC, too fastD, so fast14.Thatbell _ important lecture, you m ustn tmiss it.A, such aB, such anC, a suchD, so an

48、15.Since China has been a member nation of WTO,English is _ useful than before.A, farB, mostC, moreD, very16.Rose caught a _ cold and has been _ ill for days.A, bad, badB, bad, badlyC, badly, badD, badly, badly17.Supermarkets are necessary. People can spend _ time finding things they want, but they

49、usually spend _ money than they want.A, less, lessB, less, moreC, fewer, lessD, fewer, more18.Of all the actresses, she speaks English _.A, the most fluent B, most fluently C, better D, the most beautiful19.The green tea smells _. I like it.A, wonderfullyB, wonderfulC, wellD, beautifully20.It is not easy to learn English well. We need to p ractise as _ as possible.A,