八年級(jí)下Unit7單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納

1、Unit7 what s the highest mountain in the world?Section A一、重點(diǎn)詞組、短語(yǔ)1.9,600,000 square kilometers in size 9,600,000平方公里2.1,025meters deep1,025米深3.6,671 kilometers long 6,671千米長(zhǎng)4.8,844,43 meters high8,844,43米高5.has the biggest population人口最多6.as far as與一樣遠(yuǎn)7. one of the oldest countries最古老的國(guó)家之一8. feel fr

2、ee to do sth.隨意地做某事9.anything on todays Great Wall tour關(guān)于今天長(zhǎng)城之行的任何情況10.ancient emperors古代的皇帝11.build the wall修墻12.protect China保衛(wèi)中國(guó)13.as you can see如你所見(jiàn)14. as far as I know據(jù)我所知15.as far as I can remember/ see據(jù)我所記得 / 依我所見(jiàn)16. man-made objects人造物體17.Paragraph 1段落 118.the southwestern part of China中國(guó)的西南

3、部分19.thick clouds厚厚的云層20.fall very hard下得很大21.freezing weather conditions凍冰的天氣條件22. part of. .的組成部分23. the highest mountain最高的山脈24. in the world在世界上25. any other mountain其他任何一座山26. of all the salt lakes在所有的咸水湖中27. run along跨越 28. take in air呼吸空氣29.cover the top覆蓋住頂部30.get near the top靠近頂部31.reach th

4、e top到達(dá)頂部32.risk their lives冒著他們的生命危險(xiǎn)33. the first woman to succeed.第一個(gè)做某事的人34. in the face of difficulties面臨危險(xiǎn)35. give up doing sth.放棄做某事36. achieve one s dream = one s dream come true 實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的夢(mèng)想37.the spirit of the climber攀登者的精神38.serious mountain climbers認(rèn)真的登山者39. reach the top到達(dá)頂峰40. even though= e

5、ven if雖然 ; 盡管二重點(diǎn)單詞1.population n.人口（ 1）問(wèn)人口和敘述人口Whats the population of?It s /The population of國(guó)家 / 城市 is （ 2）人口的比較： The population of China is larger/ bigger than that of Japan.= The population of Japan is smaller than that of China.=China has the larger population than Japan.2. protect vt.保護(hù)，防護(hù)prot

6、ect sb./sth. from 保護(hù)某人 / 某物使其不受 . Wearing dark glasses can protect your eyes from the sun.戴墨鏡能避免你的眼睛受到太陽(yáng)光的傷害。3.be famous for因而著名指由于某個(gè)與眾不同的特征而出名Hangzhou is famous for its beautiful scenery.杭州以它美麗的風(fēng)景而著名。be famous as作為而著名指作為某種身份而為眾人所知Sun Yang is famous as a swimmer.孫楊作為一名游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員而出名。4.include v.包含；包括The p

7、rice includes both your shirt and your trousers.這個(gè)價(jià)格包含了你的襯衫和褲子。including prep.包括Many middle school students like reading Harry Potter, including me.許多中學(xué)生喜歡讀 ?哈利 . 波特 ?，包括我在內(nèi)。5. succeed v.成功（ 1） succeed (in) doing sth.成功做成某事He didn t succeed in passing the test.（ 2） n. successConfidence is the key to

8、 success.信心是成功的關(guān)鍵。(3) adj. successfulEveryone wants to be successful.每個(gè)人都想成功。6. the forces of nature 自然界的力量 譯為“影響力”，是可數(shù)名詞。一般來(lái)說(shuō)， force 是不可數(shù)名詞“力氣；力量”force v. “強(qiáng)迫” force sb. to do sth. 強(qiáng)迫某人做某事 Dont force the kid to what he dislikes.nature不可數(shù)名詞，“自然界；大自然”by nature生性；生來(lái)就He is strong by nature.他本性剛強(qiáng)。natura

9、l adj.自然的三、重點(diǎn)句型1. It is -adj. + (for sb. ) to do sth.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.當(dāng)你接近山頂時(shí)，連呼吸都會(huì)困難。2. . . . is because. Oneof the main reasons is because people want to challengethemselves in the face of difficulties.其中的一個(gè)主要的原因是人們想要在面臨困難時(shí)挑戰(zhàn)自己。3. . . . show(s) that. The

10、spirit of these climbers shows us that we shouldnever give up trying to achieve our dreams.這些登山者的精神向我們證明：我們永遠(yuǎn)都不應(yīng)該放棄實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢(mèng)想。4. （1） How high / deep / long / wide / tall/ . . . +is+主語(yǔ)?（2）It s + 數(shù)量 + high / deep / long / wide / tall.Qomolangma is 8,844,43 meters high.How high is Qomolangma?珠穆朗瑪峰有多高？How

11、big is the Sahara?- Its about 8,000,000 square kilometers in size.(3) 數(shù)詞 - 名詞 - 形容詞 作定語(yǔ)This room is 8 meters wide.= this is an 8-meter-wide room.5. Although. Although Japan is older than Canada， it is much smaller.雖然日本比加拿大有更悠久的歷史，但是日本比加拿大小多了。三語(yǔ)法句型原級(jí)：A = B.用“ A + 謂語(yǔ) + as +原級(jí) + as + B ” A B.用“A +謂語(yǔ)+ n

12、ot as(so) +原級(jí) + as + B”比較級(jí)：最高級(jí)：A + 主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ)形副比較級(jí)+ than+ the +形副最高級(jí)+ +B.比較范圍（of +人物， in +地方）形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)一 形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成規(guī)則：1一般情況加-er, -esttall taller tallestgreat greater greate2以不發(fā)音 e 結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)加-r ， -stlarge larger largestnice nicer nicest詞3在重讀閉音節(jié)（即：輔音先雙寫末尾的輔big bigger biggest元音輔音）中，音字母 再加hot hott

13、er hottest-er, -est4 以“輔音字母 y”結(jié)尾的把 y 改為 ieasyeasier easiest雙音節(jié)詞，再加 -er, -estheavyheavier heaviest5其他雙音節(jié)詞（副詞）和多比較級(jí)在前面加beautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful音節(jié)詞，more，最高級(jí)在differentmore differentmost different前面加 mosteasily more easily most easilyfriendly more friendly; common more commonhelpfulmore help

14、ful ，more careful, more nervous, more relaxed, mornormal ， modern- more modernunhappymore unhappy, lucky-luckierunlucky more unlucky注：最高級(jí)前要加the , 不加表示“非?！?， a most important meeting副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí) 1大多數(shù)以 ly 結(jié)尾的副詞前加 more 和 most 來(lái)構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。2 少數(shù)單音節(jié)副詞，加 er,est 構(gòu)成其比較級(jí)和最高級(jí) 。幾個(gè)特殊的形容詞和副詞原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good ,wellbetterbes

15、tbad, ill, badlyworseworstmany ,muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther距離 , further程度f(wàn)arthest,further( 提高進(jìn)一步)oldOlder 時(shí)間 , elder 順序oldest, eldest二、形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)的用法名結(jié)構(gòu)可放在前例句稱的修飾詞一1“甲 +be+(倍數(shù) )+as+ 形容詞原級(jí)almost,Tom is as old as Kate.湯姆和凱特年齡、+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”nearly,一樣大。原或“甲是乙的幾倍”just,Tom is twice as old as K

16、ate.湯姆級(jí)exactly,的年齡是凱特的二倍。的2“甲 +實(shí)意動(dòng)詞 +( 倍數(shù) )+as+ 副詞原quite,Tom runs as fast as Mike.湯姆和邁克用級(jí)+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相rather,跑得一樣快。 Tom runs twice as fast as法同”或“甲是乙的幾倍”very,Mike. 湯姆跑得速度是邁克的二倍。3“甲 +be+not+as/so+ 形容詞原級(jí)half ,This room is not as/sobig as thatone.+as+乙”甲不如乙twice,th這個(gè)房間不如那個(gè)大。4 甲+助動(dòng)詞 +not+ 動(dòng)詞原形 +as/so+

17、reeHe doesnt walk as slowly as you.他副詞原級(jí) +as+乙”甲不如乙times , a走路不像你那樣慢。third,so，too名結(jié)構(gòu)可放在前例句稱的修飾詞二1 甲+be+(倍數(shù) )+ 形容詞比較級(jí)a lot,Tomis taller than Kate. 湯姆比凱特高。、+than+ 乙”表示“甲比乙”或much ,This room is three times bigger than比“甲比乙?guī)妆丁盿 bit,that one.這個(gè)房間比那個(gè)大三倍。較2“甲 +實(shí)意動(dòng)詞 +( 倍數(shù) )+ 副詞比較even,I got up earlier than my

18、 mother this級(jí)級(jí)+than+ 乙”表示“甲比乙”或amorning. 我今天早晨起床比我媽媽還早。的“甲比乙?guī)妆丁眑ittle ,He runs three times faster than his用far,brother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。法3“甲 +be+形容詞比較級(jí) +than+anyLessonThe Yangtze River is longer than anyother+ 單數(shù)名詞 (+ 介詞短語(yǔ) ) ”表示One isother river in China.=The Yangtze“甲比同一范圍的任何一個(gè)人 / 物都”，含義是“甲最”。注意： The Y

19、angtze Riveris longerthan any river in Japan.長(zhǎng)江比日本的任何一條河都長(zhǎng)。4“甲 +實(shí)意動(dòng)詞 +副詞比較級(jí) +than+anyother+ 單數(shù)名詞 (+ 介詞短語(yǔ)) ”表示“甲比同一范圍的任何一個(gè)人 / 物都”，含義是“甲最”。5“甲 +be+the+形容詞比較級(jí) +ofthetwo+ ”表示“甲是兩者中較的”6“比較級(jí) +and+比較級(jí)”表示“越來(lái)越”。7“the+ 比較級(jí)， the+ 比較級(jí)”表示“越，越”。8“特殊疑問(wèn)詞 +be+形容詞比較級(jí)，甲 or 乙？”“特殊疑問(wèn)詞 +實(shí)意動(dòng)詞 +副詞比較級(jí)，甲 or 乙？”mucheasierthan

20、Lesson Two.第一課比第二課容易得多。Tomlooksevenyounger thanbefore. 湯姆甚至比以前更年輕。Thistrainruns muchfasterthan thatone. 這輛火車比那輛跑地快。River is longer than any of the other rivers in China. 長(zhǎng)江比中國(guó)的任何一條其他的河都長(zhǎng)。=The Yangtze River islongerthanthe other rivers in China. 長(zhǎng)江比中國(guó)的其他所有的河都長(zhǎng)。 =The Yangtze River is the longest river

21、 in China.長(zhǎng)江是中國(guó)最長(zhǎng)的河流。Mike gets to school earlier than anyotherstudentin his class.=Mike getsto school earlierthan any of the otherstudentsin his class.注意：Mike getsto school earlier than any student in Toms class. 邁克比湯姆班上任何一個(gè)學(xué)生到校都早。 ( 邁克和湯姆不是同一個(gè)班 )Look at the two boys.My brother is the taller of the

22、two.He is getting taller and taller.The more careful you are ，the fewer mistakes you ll make. 你越認(rèn)真，犯的錯(cuò)誤越少Which is bigger ，the earth or the moon？Who draws better ，Jenny or Danny ？誰(shuí)畫得比較好，詹妮還是丹尼？Section B一、重點(diǎn)詞組、短語(yǔ)1.10 kilos of food10公斤的食物2.weigh many times more重許多倍3.weigh much more/ less重得多得多 / 少得多4.ea

23、t much more/ less吃得多得多 / 少得多5.stand on two legs兩條腿站立6.150cm tall 150厘米高7.live up to活到8.an adult panda成年熊9.a baby panda小熊10. be awake 醒著11. run over with excitement興奮地跑過(guò)去（還有“壓過(guò)去；碾過(guò)”的意思）12. walk into sb.撞到某人13. fall over摔倒 強(qiáng)調(diào)向前摔倒 fall down 倒下 強(qiáng)調(diào)滑到fall off跌落 強(qiáng)調(diào)從某處跌落；從某處掉下來(lái)。14. take care of照顧; 照料15.die

24、from illness死于疾病16.less bamboo更少的竹子17.live in the remaining forests居住在剩余的森林18.another 200另外 20019. every two years每?jī)赡?0. cut down the forests砍伐林木21. endangered animals瀕危動(dòng)物22. be in danger處于危險(xiǎn)之中23. the importance of saving these animals拯救這些動(dòng)物的重要性24.make artwork about pandas and other wild animals制作關(guān)于

25、熊貓和其他野生動(dòng)物的插圖25.fewer and fewer pandas越來(lái)越少的熊貓26.catch whales for meat, fat and oil撲捉鯨魚取其肉，脂肪和油27.jump high out of the water高高的從水中躍出28.stop putting rubbish into the sea停止向海里倒垃圾29.another interesting fact另外一個(gè)有趣的事實(shí)二考點(diǎn)單詞或短語(yǔ)1.weigh v.有重，weight n.重量The box weighs 20kg. weigh是連系動(dòng)詞，=The box is 20kg in weight

26、.=The box is 20kg heavy.2. at birth在出生的時(shí)候The baby weighed three kilos at birth.give birth to sb./ sth.生孩子；產(chǎn)仔Mary gave birth to a healthy girl.3.research n.“調(diào)查；研究”research o 研究He is researching into the causes of H9N9.20kg 是表語(yǔ)那個(gè)嬰兒出生時(shí)的體重為三公斤。他正在研究 H9N9的起因。4. prepare for 為準(zhǔn)備I will prepare some foo

27、d for you.prepare to do sth.準(zhǔn)備做某事They re busy preparing to go on vacation.prepare for sth.為某事做準(zhǔn)備The students are busy preparing for the exam.5.awake adj.醒著的（ 1）作表語(yǔ)對(duì)應(yīng)詞 asleepThey aren t awake yet.The noise was keeping everyone awake.(2) 作定語(yǔ)，放在被修飾的詞之后，即后置定語(yǔ)He was the only person awake at the moment.他是

28、那時(shí)唯一醒著的人。wake v. woke woken 醒來(lái)wake up 把弄醒please wake me up at 6:006.exciement不可數(shù)名詞，激動(dòng)；興奮he ran over with excitement.excited/exciting adj.激動(dòng)的；令人興奮的he told me an exciting story./ we all excited about the good news.excite v.興奮the news excited everyone.7.die from+外因死于事故等外因The old man died from a car acc

29、ident.die of+ 內(nèi)因 . 死于疾病 . 衰老等自身的內(nèi)因The man died of sadness.dead adj.死的death n.死；死亡8. remain v.(1)連系動(dòng)詞 指某人或某物仍保持某種狀態(tài)， “仍然；依舊”，“留；呆；??；待” + n./pron./adj./介詞短語(yǔ) / 分詞作表語(yǔ)。Peter became a manager, but Jack remained a worker. (接名詞作表語(yǔ) )Whatever achievements you have made, you should remain modest.(接形容詞作表語(yǔ) )無(wú)論你取

30、得多么大的成就，你都應(yīng)該保持謙虛。He had to remain in hospital until he was better.(接介詞短語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ))他不得不一直住院直到身體好些。The guess came in, but she remained sitting at the desk reading.(接現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)，表示正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)動(dòng)作； ) 客人們都來(lái)了，但她還坐著在寫字臺(tái)旁讀書。 As before, he remained unmoved.( 接過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作； )他和以往一樣無(wú)動(dòng)于衷。（ 2）用作不及物動(dòng)詞，意識(shí)是“剩下；剩余；遺留

31、” 。此時(shí)不能用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，也沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。After the fire, very little remained of his house.火災(zāi)過(guò)后，他家所剩無(wú)幾。(3) 指某事“尚待，有待于以后被處置” ，后面常接不定式的被動(dòng)形式，表示主語(yǔ)是不定式的承受著。Many problems remain to be solved.有好多問(wèn)題尚待解決。It remains to be seen whether you are right. “剩余的”，常作前置定語(yǔ)；而（ 4） remaining adj.你是否正確，以后見(jiàn)分曉。left則只能作后置定語(yǔ)。大的；反義 small ，與模大。There are still some apples left.還剩余一些蘋果。I bought a gift for her with the remaining money.我用剩余的錢給她買了一件禮物。9. huge adj.大的；極多的The elephant is a huge animal.大象是體型龐大的動(dòng)物。huge強(qiáng)調(diào)尺寸、體積和數(shù)量的巨大，指體積時(shí)，比lar