針灸教學(xué)中怎樣對醫(yī)學(xué)生進(jìn)行心理指導(dǎo)

1、針灸教學(xué)中怎樣對醫(yī)學(xué)生進(jìn)行心理指導(dǎo) 針灸臨床教學(xué)是高等醫(yī)學(xué)教育過程的重要組成部分,針灸是一種特殊的治療方法,醫(yī)生有危險(xiǎn)性,病人有恐懼心理,而醫(yī)學(xué)生在初次接觸臨床實(shí)習(xí)中,也有很大的恐懼心理。所以,在臨床帶教中,除培養(yǎng)綜合素質(zhì)外,實(shí)習(xí)針刺技術(shù)、對醫(yī)學(xué)生的心理安撫疏導(dǎo)是絕對不能忽視的。 針對醫(yī)學(xué)生在初次接觸針灸治療的恐懼心理,首先,老師要使學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)到作為一名醫(yī)生的職責(zé)與使命,有了繼承和發(fā)揚(yáng)針灸醫(yī)學(xué)的強(qiáng)烈愿望,讓學(xué)生感受到臨床實(shí)踐 中針灸治療神奇的療效,以及在國內(nèi)外的影響力,激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)熱情,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生完成角色的轉(zhuǎn)換,以醫(yī)生的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)衡量自己。其次,人科時(shí)先讓學(xué)生觀察、適應(yīng),不要急于動(dòng)手,老師多演示、講解

2、,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)和運(yùn)用針灸的興趣,消除學(xué)生對針灸的畏懼性,讓學(xué)生體會(huì)針灸的療效,增強(qiáng)學(xué)生對針灸治療疾病的信心。 積極引導(dǎo)。激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣臨床醫(yī)學(xué)系的學(xué)生開始上針灸課時(shí),都已學(xué)完了中醫(yī)基礎(chǔ)、中醫(yī)診斷等中醫(yī)基礎(chǔ)理論,由于課時(shí)少,理論抽象,很多學(xué)生一知半解,又因其獨(dú)特的理論體系而難以引起眾多西醫(yī)學(xué)生的興趣,通過講解針灸臨床實(shí)例,使學(xué)生真正了解針灸療效可靠,方便實(shí)用,消除學(xué)生對中醫(yī)的偏見,堅(jiān)定學(xué)生學(xué)好針灸的信念。與此同時(shí),在課堂講授理論的同時(shí),特別注重介紹一些經(jīng)典的針灸著作、針灸歌賦,既啟發(fā)學(xué)生的針灸學(xué)習(xí)興趣,也提高了學(xué)生的針 灸自學(xué)能力。適當(dāng)介紹一些現(xiàn)代針灸實(shí)驗(yàn)研究成果及新動(dòng)向,使學(xué)生真正了解到中醫(yī)

3、針灸的科學(xué)性,激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)針灸的興趣。 注重理論課教學(xué)效果,確保示教課教學(xué)質(zhì)量針灸學(xué)的教材更新很快,近幾年幾乎是一年一新。隨著教材的不斷更新,相應(yīng)教學(xué)大綱也不斷得到修訂、完善,根據(jù)最新版本教學(xué)大綱,針灸學(xué)基礎(chǔ)理論仍占到全課時(shí)的近半。對于經(jīng)絡(luò)、腧穴的基礎(chǔ)理論學(xué)習(xí),我們采用教師課堂講授與劃經(jīng)點(diǎn)穴示教相結(jié)合的方法。在腧穴內(nèi)容中重點(diǎn)突出那些療效好臨床使用率高的穴位講解,并突出腧穴定位準(zhǔn)確性與操作規(guī)范化。帶教老師在同學(xué)的身上比量出腧穴的定位,這樣才能真正給學(xué)生一個(gè)感性認(rèn)識(shí),避免了“紙上談兵”,使得學(xué)生真正能掌握經(jīng)脈循行以及腧穴的定位方法。定期舉辦劃經(jīng)點(diǎn)穴公開課,供全校師生觀摩、學(xué)習(xí),對教學(xué)中的重、難點(diǎn)詳

4、細(xì)講解,確保劃經(jīng)點(diǎn)穴課的教學(xué)質(zhì)量。 教學(xué)互動(dòng),提高教學(xué)質(zhì)量被動(dòng)參與自然要遜于主動(dòng)參與治療的效果。怎樣令學(xué)生主動(dòng)地納入針灸醫(yī)療軌道,需要心理學(xué)技巧。針灸教學(xué)長期以來基本采用教師傳授為主,以灌輸、記憶、強(qiáng)制為特點(diǎn),重知識(shí)傳授,質(zhì)和能力培養(yǎng),學(xué)生處于教學(xué)被動(dòng)地位,未能成為學(xué)習(xí)過程的決策者及主體,制約了學(xué)生主動(dòng)性及創(chuàng)造性的發(fā)揮。在重點(diǎn)講解臨床應(yīng)用與腧穴作用機(jī)制的同 時(shí),注意結(jié)合臨床實(shí)例及現(xiàn)代實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,幫助學(xué)生加強(qiáng)記憶與理解。 改革教學(xué)手段,傳統(tǒng)教學(xué)與多媒體教學(xué)用結(jié)合隨著現(xiàn)代教育技術(shù)的發(fā)展,多媒體的廣泛應(yīng)用,醫(yī)學(xué)教育也有了重大改革。多媒體教學(xué)的優(yōu)勢在于不僅信息量大而且形象、直觀,既節(jié)約課時(shí)又不至于刪減內(nèi)

5、容,更重要的是它能使一些“口下難言,心中明了”的針刺手法變得一目了然。近年來,我們不僅積極開展教師針灸學(xué)課件比賽,還鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生課余時(shí)間自己動(dòng)手制作針灸學(xué)課件。多次成功舉辦針灸學(xué)學(xué)生課件大獎(jiǎng)賽。充分利用學(xué)生的計(jì)算機(jī)知識(shí),合理利用學(xué)生業(yè)余時(shí)間,利用角色的互換大大提高了學(xué)生對針灸專業(yè)知識(shí)的興趣,可謂一舉兩得,得到了廣大同學(xué)的踴躍參與。qcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7

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