八年級上unit6-廣州新版

1、 教學(xué)目標(biāo)Unit6重難點(diǎn)知識梳理重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法 ,for 和Since的用法考點(diǎn)及考試要求教學(xué)內(nèi)容 Unit 6 Ancient stories 【知識要點(diǎn)】 Key words：1. ancient adj. 古代的 in ancient times 在古代 ancient buildings 古代的建筑物 【拓展】近義詞：old adj. 老的，舊的；反義詞：modern adj. 現(xiàn)代的2. war n. 戰(zhàn)爭，可數(shù)名詞 the First World War 第一次世界大戰(zhàn) the Second World War 第二次世界大戰(zhàn) The two countries ha

2、ve been at war for five years . 這兩個(gè)國家打了五年的戰(zhàn)。 【拓展】反義詞：peace n. 和平 People are against the war and for the peace. 人們反對戰(zhàn)爭，支持和平。3. understand v. 懂，理解 注意：understand的過去式和過去分詞都是understood. I dont what the teacher said. 我不理解老師說的話。4. difference n差別；不同 <可數(shù)> different adj. 不同的；有差別的 differ v. 區(qū)分 Can you fi

3、nd out the differences between the two pictures? 常用搭配：be different from 與.不同 反義詞：similarity n. 相像處;相似點(diǎn) similar adj.相似的 be similar to 與.相似5. *Greek n. 希臘人 Greek n. 希臘語 Greece n. 希臘 Ancient Greeks were often great thinkers 古希臘人是偉大的思想家 6. soldier n. 士兵 Some people think they look like soldiers, and oth

4、ers think they look like animals . 有人認(rèn)為它們看起來像士兵，有的人認(rèn)為它們像動(dòng)物。7. huge adj. 巨大的，只能指體積的巨大或超過標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的巨大，相當(dāng)于very large They live in a huge house. 他們住在一所巨大的房子。8. pull v.（向某方向）拖，拉動(dòng) She pulled the drawer open. 她把抽屜拉開了。 固定搭配：pull down 把某物拉下，拆毀；pull out 拉出，拔出 【拓展】反義詞：push vt. 推9. main adj. 主要的 mainly adv. 大部分地，大體上，主

5、要地 My main reason for learning English is to get a better job. 我學(xué)英語主要是想找一份更好的工作。10. celebrate v. 慶祝；慶賀 celebration n. 慶祝；慶祝會(huì)（儀式） Tom celebrated his 24th birthday with his friends two days ago. The company will celebrate its tenth anniversary this year11. stupid adj. 笨的，傻的 foolish adj . 傻的；silly adj.

6、 愚蠢的 Dont be so stupid ! 別太傻了！12. midnight n. 午夜；子夜 at midnight 在午夜；在半夜 by midnight 在午夜前 They had to leave at midnight 13. empty adj. 空的 反義詞：full adj. 滿的 My glass is empty. 我的玻璃杯是空的。14. except prep. 除之外 The museum is open every day except Monday I can answer all of the questions except the last one

7、【辨析】except, except for和besides (1)except介詞“除.之外”，表示將一個(gè)或幾個(gè)人或物從同一類人或物中排除。 All came except Tom<說明：Tom和all都指人，同類。> We go to library every day except Sunday. (2)except for “除.之外”，“在說明整個(gè)基本情況后，對細(xì)節(jié)加以糾正”，基本情況 和細(xì)節(jié)不屬于同一范疇。 He is a good man except for hot temper他是個(gè)好人，只是脾氣暴躁。 <說明：temper和man非同一范疇，temper只

8、是man的一個(gè)側(cè)面。> Your composition is good except for some spelling mistakes. <說明：mistake和composition不是同一范疇。> (3)besides “除.之外還有” “其中所指的事物并沒有被排除，而是先后包含在內(nèi)” We all went shopping besides her.15. secret adj. 秘密的 n. 秘密 The soldiers are training at a secret place The police are trying to keep the docum

9、ents secret This is a secret between you and me 【拓展】secretly adv秘密地；機(jī)密地 He wore a hidden microphone to secretly record the conversations. 他身上藏了一個(gè)傳聲器，打算偷偷錄下談話內(nèi)容。16. quietly adv. 安靜地 quiet adj. 安靜的The boy walked into the room quietly in order not to wake up his parents. All students must keep quiet wh

10、en they listen to the speech 17. army n. 陸軍部隊(duì) 固定搭配：join the army 參軍 He joined the army when he was 17 . 他十七歲的時(shí)候加入了陸軍。18. succeed v. 達(dá)到目的；實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo) succeed in doing sth 成功做某事 People have succeeded in sending astronauts onto the Moon. 【反義】fail v. 失敗 failure n. 失敗 Failure is the mother of success. 失敗乃成功之母 【

11、鏈接】success n. 成功；勝利 successful adj. 獲得成功的 successfully adv. 成功地19. trick n. 計(jì)謀 v. 哄騙；使上當(dāng) 常用搭配：play a trick/tricks on sb. 捉弄某人 The thieves used a trick to get past the security guards 竊賊們使計(jì)從安保人員身邊溜走了。 They tricked me and I felt like a fool他們欺騙了我，我覺得自己像個(gè)傻瓜。 【提示】trick 一詞還有如下的常見含義： a. 把戲；戲法 The magician

12、 performed a trick and the rabbit disappeared 魔術(shù)師變了一個(gè)戲法，結(jié)果兔子消失了。 b. 要領(lǐng)；竅門 Jack picked up this trick from his elder brother. 杰克從他哥哥那里學(xué)會(huì)了這個(gè)竅門。20. steal v. 偷；竊取 （steal-stole-stolen） Her money has been stolen. 她的錢讓人給偷了。21. punish v. 處罰；懲罰 punishment n. 懲罰；處罰 The children were punished for telling lies.

13、孩子們因?yàn)檎f謊而受懲罰。 Key structures:1. Because they didnt need to study so much history.(1) need 需要；必須 作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，其后賓語可以是名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)詞不定式。有人 稱和數(shù)的變化，助動(dòng)詞是does/do/did。 A.其后接名詞或代詞 We need a great deal of money now. 我們需要和多錢。 B. need doing 與 need to be done，接動(dòng)名詞表示被動(dòng)含義 The door needs painting. = The door needs to be pa

14、inted. 那扇門需要油漆一下。 C. need to do sth. You need to take good care of your mother. 你要好好照料你媽媽。 用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 A.沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。 B.不能單獨(dú)充當(dāng)謂語。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞必須與一個(gè)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語，并且 這個(gè)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞始終是動(dòng)詞原形。 C.變?yōu)榉穸ň鋾r(shí)只需在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后加not。 D.變?yōu)橐蓡柧鋾r(shí)只需將need提到主語的前面。 You needn't worry. 你不必?fù)?dān)心。 (2)so much “這么多”，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；so many 同義，修飾可數(shù)名詞 so much money 這么多錢

15、 so much homework 這么多作業(yè) so many friends 這么多朋友 so many people 這么多人2. Now they've given up and sailed away! 現(xiàn)在, 他們放棄了，駕船走了！ (1) give up意為“放棄；認(rèn)輸” give in 投降;屈服 My uncle was seriously ill, but the doctor didn't give up They have to give in. (2) sail away是指“（人）駕船而走”。3. “But look over there，”a sol

16、dier said“They've left a huge wooden horse.” (1) look over意為“從（某物上面）看過去”。 look 的其他短語: look for look after _ look up _ look around _ (2) leave是及物動(dòng)詞，leave-left-left a. leave v. 遺留，留下 She left some food for her husband. leave sb./sth + 地點(diǎn)介詞短語: 把某人（物）遺忘在. Mary has left her wallet on the underground

17、train. Ive left my umbrella on the bus. 【復(fù)習(xí)拓展：】a) leave v. 離開 When did you leave London?b) leave for + 地點(diǎn) 動(dòng)身去某地 Im leaving for Beijing next month.c) 表示“放置，聽人，使處于某種狀態(tài)” Dont leave the door open. / Leave him alone.d) 作名詞，“許可，準(zhǔn)假” ask for sick leave a three weeks leavee) “還剩.” Dont worry! There is still

18、5 minutes left. / There is only one apple left.4. They sang and danced around the horse, and made jokes about the stupid Greeks. joke n. 玩笑 【常用搭配】make jokes about =laugh at =make fun of 拿開玩笑；以為笑柄 You shouldnt make jokes about the poor girl. have a joke with sb. 與某人一起說笑話 play a joke/jokes on sb 戲弄某人=

19、make fun of= laugh at tell jokes 講笑話 5. I havent laughed like this since my childhood.(1) since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)= for+時(shí)間段 e.g. He has lived in Shenzhen since 2010. =He has lived in Shenzhen for 4 years.(2) childhood 童年 child 孩子 children 復(fù)數(shù)6. They locked all the gates of the city and then all went to sleep.(1) go

20、 to sleep = go to bed 上床睡覺，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作(2) fall asleep = be asleep 睡著了，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài) (3) sleepy adj. 欲睡的;困乏的 She was still tired and sleepy when he woke her. 他叫醒她的時(shí)候，她仍然又累又困。7. By midnight, the main square was empty, except for the huge horse.(1)by prep. 不遲于；到時(shí)（為止） Can you finish the work by tomorrow? 你能在明天以前完成工作嗎？(

21、2) empty adj. 空的 反義詞：full adj. 滿的(3) except for 除之外，但是for后面接的賓語與句子的主語屬于同一類 辨析：except, besides, but與except for besides except except for (包括其后的內(nèi)容) （排除其后的內(nèi)容） （對前文內(nèi)容的修正說明）8. The horse was full of Greek soldiers! They quietly climbed out of the horse one by one.(1) be full of = be filled with 充滿 e.g.The

22、 glass is filled with milk. = The glass is full of milk.(2) one by one 一個(gè)接著一個(gè) step by step一步步9. In one night, they succeeded in capturing it through a clever trick. succeed in doing sth = do sth successfully 成功地做了某事 【拓展】(1) success 不可數(shù)名詞,“成功;成就”；可數(shù)名詞,“成功的人或事” Both plans have been tried without succe

23、ss. 兩個(gè)計(jì)劃都已試過，但未獲成功。 The plan was a great success. 這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃極為成功。 (2) successful adj. 成功的 a successful teacher 一個(gè)成功的老師Grammar現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Since和for的用法Since 和 for 的用法表示過去已經(jīng)開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)常用的時(shí)間狀語有：for, since, how long, so far, these days等。Since+過去點(diǎn)的時(shí)間，for+一段時(shí)間(數(shù)詞+量詞)，此劃線部分用how long提問。一、since短語或從句表示過去的動(dòng)作延續(xù)至今，since之后的時(shí)

24、間為一點(diǎn)。 如：Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. 1984年以來，史密斯先生一直在這工作。Hes learned about 5,000 English words since he went to college. 他上大學(xué)以來大約學(xué)了五千個(gè)英語單詞。二、for短語表示動(dòng)作延續(xù)多長時(shí)間，for的賓語為時(shí)間段。 如：We have known each other for twenty years. 我們認(rèn)識有二十年了。I havent seen her for a long time. 我好久沒有見到她了。練習(xí)：用since和for填空1) _ tw

25、o years 2) _ two years ago 3) _ last month4) _ 1999 5) _ yesterday 6) _ 4 oclock7) _ 4 hours 8) _ an hour ago 9) _ we were children10) _ lunch time 11) _ she left here.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)都表示在過去完成的動(dòng)作。但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是這一動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。如對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響等，而一般過去時(shí)只表示動(dòng)作在過去某一時(shí)刻發(fā)生，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。試比較： I have lost my new book

26、. 我把新書丟了。（現(xiàn)在還未找到）I lost my new book yesterday. 我昨天把新書丟了。（昨天丟的，現(xiàn)在找到與否沒說明）針對性訓(xùn)練1、 Mike _ (become )a worker in the factory in 1998. He _ （work） there since then.2、 It _ (take) me two hours to finish my work yesterday.3、 Li Yuchun _ (win )the first prise in the Super Voice Girls Competition in 2005.4、 H

27、e _ (sleep )very late yesterday.5、 Mrs Green _ (teach )in No.14 Middle School for ten years.【實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練】一、強(qiáng)化詞匯。1. Can you tell the （不同）betweenthe two pictures?2. Janes father speaks English well. He can make himself (理解) when he travels all over the world.3. His uncle died in the World (戰(zhàn)爭) II.4. We will

28、all have a course in (古代的) history this term.5. He wants to be a (士兵) when he grows up.6. The ants were (拖) pieces of corn.7. The (主要的) thing is to have a good balance.8. There are lots of hbuilding in Beijing.9. The villages (慶祝) the Dragon Boat Festival by having a dragon boat race last Wednesday

29、.10. The concert last night wasnt very good. Before it ended, the theatre was almost e.11. All the question are easy ethe last one .12. It was (愚蠢) of me to do that. 13. An old man was sitting on the (側(cè)面) of the road.14. Ive hidden (藏)the letter in a s place .15. Please e the house by the back door.

30、16. There they formed an (軍隊(duì)) of about two thousand men.17. So far, weve (成功) in saving thousands of people in danger.18. The teacher (處罰) her students for cheating in the exam.19. Elizabeth II is the (女王) of England.20. I think someone has (偷) my jacket.21. Excuse me, (先生），can you tell me the time?

31、22. The classroom (場，一段情節(jié)) in the play made us laugh a lot it reminded us of our school .二、根據(jù)首字母或括號提示完成單詞。1. People in China c_ the Dragon Boat Festival to remember Qu Yuan.2. Can you figure out the d_ between these two hairstyles?3. He is a _（希臘人），but he lives in London all the time.4. The whale is

32、 a very h_ animal.5. There is nobody in the room. It is e_.6. It is a s_. Don't let another person know.7. The Japanese want to c_ our country in 1937.8. Did you notice Meimei e_ her room at two o'clock?9. I'm very upset because everyone else in my class was invited to the party e_ me. I

33、 feel so lonely.10. The boy likes reading stories about a history.三、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. It is necessary for us_ (understand) the importance of health care.2. Doing lots of listening practice is one of the_ (secret) of becoming a good English learner. 3. If you want to get the best score, try _ (work) har

34、d.4. Your pen is green; mine is _ (difference) from yours.5. He needed (lie) down and rest.四、選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~組完成句子。 每個(gè)詞組僅使用一次。(注意詞形)give up pull . . . into make jokes about except forone by one take . with be full of look over1. Would you please help me_ the heavy wooden case_ the room?2. The beach was very c

35、rowded. It _ people from all over the world.3. Jackie wore a strange pair of shoes to school today, and the boys all_ him.4. She dressed all in black_ a pair of white earrings.5. Many people _ iPads _ them everywhere today.6. Alice is a strong girl. She never_ easily.7. The teacher asked the student

36、s to come into the classroom _to check if they dressed neatly.8. When I stood on the top and _ the mountains, I felt so happy and just wanted to spread my wings across the sky.五、單項(xiàng)選擇：1. I usually go there by train.Why not_ by boat for a change? A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try

37、 going2. When you speak English, you must make yourself _. A. understand B. understood C. to understand D. understanding3. There are many_ between these two books. A. different B. difference C. differences D. differents4. My school is_ my sister's school. A. different B. difference C. different

38、from D. difference from5. Try your best_ the best scores. A. get B. got C. to get D. gets6. Every year I _the garden competition too, and I always win a little prize for the worse garden in the town! A. enter B. entered C. entered for D. enter for7. -All the workers went home yesterday_ Mr. Black. W

39、hy?-Because he was on duty. A. except B. besides C. except for D. beside8. The room is too crowed. It is_ people. A. empty B. full C. full of D. filled9. The suit fitted him well_ the color was a little brighter. A. except for B. except that C. except when D. besides10. Does John know any other fore

40、ign language_ French? A. except B. but C. besides D. beside 11. He_ finished his homework yet. A. doesn't B. haven't C. hasn't D. doesn't have12. -Have you_ travelled on the train? -Yes, I have. A. never B. ever C. just D. yet13. We haven't finished our homework_. A. already B. ever C. yet D. never14. My mother has worked in this factory_ 2 years. A.