2021-2022學(xué)年廣東省廣州市荔灣區(qū)四中聚賢中學(xué)八年級（上）開學(xué)英語試卷（附答案詳解）

1、2021-2022學(xué)年廣東省廣州市荔灣區(qū)四中聚賢中學(xué)八年級（上）開學(xué)英語試卷一、單選題（本大題共5小題，共5.0分）1. 找出下列單詞中劃線部分的發(fā)音與其他不同的一項(xiàng)。（）a. h ostb. h otc. h obbyd. h oliday2. 找出下列單詞中劃線部分的發(fā)音與其他不同的一項(xiàng)。（）a. m anyb. anybodyc. fr eshd. actually3. 找出下列單詞中劃線部分的發(fā)音與其他不同的一項(xiàng)。（）a. le ssb. tenni sc. ourselve sd. nervou s4. 找出下列單詞中劃線部分的發(fā)音與其他不同的一項(xiàng)。（）a. disc ussb. u

2、sualc. comp uterde uniform5. 找出下列單詞中劃線部分的發(fā)音與其他不同的一項(xiàng)。（）a. achiev edb. mov edc. enjoy edd. check ed二、完形填空（本大題共20小題，共20.0分）my family spent a few weeks in london last year.we went there autumn.we think it is (7) the best season to visit england.the weather is usually quite good(8) there are too many tra

3、velers in october.we stayed in(9) small hotel in the west end.we(lo) most of our sightseeing on foot.we went to look at the places which all travelers would like(l l).we went shopping and spent too much money(12) a lot of things. what we liked most was going to the theatres.we didn't have the ch

4、ance to see such(13) plays at home.a lot of people say english food is very bad.we didn't think so.it is true that most of the restaurants(14) french,italian,or chinese,but britain has some very delicious meals.in fact,we enjoyed(15) there,so we have already decided to go there again next year.b

5、ut we are going to take our umbrellas.i'm sure well need them sometimes.6.a. onb. atc. ford. in7.a. seldomb. neverc. alwaysd. only8.a. andb. orc. ford. but9.a. anb. ac. thed./10.a. dob. doingc. didd. does11.a. to seeb. seec. sawd. seeing12.a. buyb. buyingc- boughtd. to buy13.a. interestb. intere

6、stsc. interestedd. interesting14.a. isb. werec. ared. be15.a. web. usc. ourd. ourselveson my way home i knocked into (撞上)a stranger as he passed by. "oh i'm terribly sorry.u i said,"that's right.please excuse me too； i wasn't even(16) you.i wish i didn't hurt you." we

7、were very( 17) we said goodbye and went on our way.but at home we often( 18)our loved ones in a different way.later that day,while i was cooking the evening meal,my daughter stood beside me very quietly.when i turned,! nearly(19) her down, "move out of the way," i shouted.she walked(20), w

8、ith tears in her eyes.while i lay in bed,i kept on thinking about that thing before supper.i felt that i shouldn't be so rude to my daughter.so i decided to(21) to say sorry to my daughter.on the way to her bedroom,to my surprise,! found some(22) by the door of the kitchen. at that time my tears

9、 began to fall.i quietly went and got down on my knees by her(23).she woke up and put her arms around my neck when kissed her.then i asked, "did you(24) these flowers for me?" she smiled,ni found them out by the tree.i picked them because they're pretty like you.i knew you'd like t

10、hem.i stood quietly in order to give you a surprise." "oh dear,fm really sorry for the way i acted today； i shouldn't have(25) at you'1."that's okay.mom,! love you anyway.'1i suddenly realized what a clever way it is to explain the word "family" like this： (f

11、) ather.16.a. savingb. helpingc. callingd. noticing17.a. sadb. angryc. polited. proud18.a. helpb. treatc. welcomed. tell19.a. putb. tookc. turnedd. knocked20.a. onb. awayc. throughd. into21.a. get onb. get upc. turn ond. turn up22.a. booksb. clothesc. flowersd. vegetables23.a. bedb. tablec. chaird.

12、sofa24.a. putb. pickc. buyd. borrow25.a. laughedb. shoutedc. shotd. aimed三、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）athe colorful worldi can see a rainbow,glowing （發(fā)光） through the rain.i can see the people in a speeding train.i can see quite close,and i can see quite far.i can see forever when i see a star.i can hear t

13、he wind blow,trying to get in.i can hear a hungry cat,climbing on our bin.i can hear a whisper,and i can hear a scream.i can hear supporters,cheering for their team.i can smell the raindrops,falling on the grass.i can smell the paints and paper in my art class.i can smell a bad smell,also something

14、good.i can smell my parents cooking lovely food.i can taste an ice cream,creamy and so sweet.i can taste some strong cheese.i can taste a sour lime （酸橙）,also bitter tea.i can taste the salty air when i'm near the sea.26. when there is a game,the writer canpeople cheering for their team.a. seeb.

15、hearc. smelld. taste27. what can the writer smell in the art class? a. something bad and good.b. the lovely food.c. the raindrops.d. the paints and paper.28. what does the article mainly tell us? a. it mainly tells us four kinds of feelings.b. it mainly tells us the happy things in life.c. it mainly

16、 tells us the colorful worlds.d. it mainly tells us how to have a happy life.bchina's highly-respected translator and writer yang jiang passes away on may 25 in beijing,aged 105.yang graduated from dongwu university in suzhou,jiangsu,in 1932.she went to uk and france to study in 1935 and returne

17、d to china in 1938.yang wrote lots of works and most of them are still popular now.whafs more,yang finished a translation of "don quixote”.this made her first chinese t translate a whole book from spanish.her translation has been given as national gifts to visiting leaders of other countries.in

18、 2001, yang gave away royalties （版稅）from books written by her husband qian zhongshu and herself worth 10 million yuan,to set up a scholarship fund （獎學(xué)金） to help poor students.bill gates is the former chairman of microsoft corporation,a worldwide leader in software and internet technologies.with his

19、friend paul allen,he founded microsoft in the 1970s.with the development of microsoft,he becomes one of the richest men in the world.in 1999 gates wrote a book named business the speed of thought.the book shows how computers can solve business problems in new ways.the book published in 25 languages

20、and is welcome in more than 60 countries.bill gates has made great contributions to education and health all over the world.he has given away about 21 billion dollars for education and health.when china was struck by co vid-19（新冠肺炎），he has also offered millions of dollars.29. where did yang jiang pa

21、ssed away? a. in shanghai. b. in jiangsu.c. in beijing.d. in zhejiang.30.a. english.b. spanish.c. french.d. german.in which language is don qiuxote written?31.a. in 1969.b. in 1965.c. in 1985.d. in 1975.when was microsoft corporation set up?32. what was the book business the speed of thought about ?

22、 a. how to solve business problems with computers differently.b. how to earn money.c. how to increase the speed of thought.d. how to be a successful person.chave you ever seen a solar panel （太陽能電池板）in your neighborhood? solar panels take energy from the sun and turn it into electricity.over the past

23、 ten years,the price of solar panels has gone down greatly.in many parts of the world,solar energy is now the cheapest form of electricity.more and more people have started using solar energy to power their homes.however,solar panels also have their problems.they stop working at night and on rainy d

24、ays.is it possible to make them produce electricity all of the time?scientists at suzhou university,china,have invented a new solar panel now.it can produce electricity not only from solar energy but also from falling rain.when a raindrop falls on the solar panel and then rolls down,it creates frict

25、ion （摩擦力）on the surface of the panel,which can then be turned into electricity.sun baoquan is one of the inventors. "our new invention can produce electricity in any weather during the day," he says. "it can even provide electricity at night if there is rain/'the solar panel,howev

26、er,does not take much electricity from falling rain.so sun baoquan is still working hard to improve it.the scientist also wants to make solar panels more flexible, which are as soft as clothing.the field of solar energy is developing fast.scientists around the world have been improving solar panels.

27、some have been working on ways to join solar panels and wind power together.some have been trying to use sunlight to produce liquid and gas fuels.33. what is one of the problems of the common solar panels? a. the price of them is rising.b. they can't work all of the time.c. they can hardly power

28、 people's homes.d. they only stop working at nights.34. why is the new solar panel more scientific and useful ? a. it has a large size and smoother surface.b. it can make much electricity from falling rain.c. in can provide electricity even in rainy conditions.d. the new solar panels are as soft

29、 as clothing.35. what does she underline word "flexible" mean in paragraph 5? a. 柔軟的.b. 光滑的.c. 堅(jiān)硬的.d. 粗糙的.36. we can infer （推斷）from this text that.a. there is no room for developing solar energyb. "there is no end to research in the field of solar energyc. solar energy has completely

30、taken the place of other kinds of energyd. some have been working on ways to join solar panels and water energy together.dnot long ago,a senior high school student caught much attention at the second world laureates forum （世界頂尖科學(xué)家論壇）in shanghai.she is tan fanglin,a senior high school student from sh

31、anghai.the forum brought nearly 70 world's top scientists together to discuss important issues about science.besides the world's top scientists,the forum also invited many young scientists.tan fanglin was among them,and as a 15-year-old girl,she was the youngest member in the meeting.her res

32、earch has improved people's understanding of the connection between the fibonacci sequence and bezout number（斐波那契數(shù)列與貝祖數(shù)）.the findings have won her many prizes in youth innovation competition in shanghai and elsewhere in china.from a very young age,tan has always been crazy about math.this is lar

33、gely because of the influence of her father,who is a math teacher in east china normal university. according to tan's head teacher,she never takes after-school classes or too many exercises.her achievements come from her strong interest in math and the right study method.talking about her experi

34、ence,tan said "taking part in the wlf and communicating with great scientists face-to-face have further encouraged me to do scientific research.i like math and i dream of achieving good research results like the top scientists.to make my dream come true,i'll have to keep learning.'*37.

35、who has influences tan's interest in math largely ? a. her head teacher.b. her mother.c. her father.d. her friends.38. tan fanglin's achievements come from.a. taking after school classesb. a large number of extra exercisesc. her strong interest in math and the right study methodd. her father

36、's influence39. from the last paragraph,we can infer that.a. tan fanglin will keep doing scientific researchb. tan fanglin's findings haven't won prizesc. tan fanglin has no chance to communicate with top scientistsd. tan fanglin will take part in wlf40. what is the best title for the pa

37、ssage? a. a young scientist in china.b. the second world laureates forum.c. the youth innovation competition.d. the beauty of math.四、信息匹配(本大題共5小題，共5.0分)you have lots of things you*d like to do.but sometimes it's hard to get to the finish line just like your goal.how can you break your bad habits

38、 and develop good ones? here are a few opinions we often get from kids,followed by ideas that might help. i can't get away from screens.(2) if you usually spend time lying on the sofa and watching tv programs or a video when you're bored,go somewhere else instead.take a book to your room or

39、your violin to the backyard.or ask if you can help cook in the kitchen.(31start with "showing uph.then take one small step or do one tiny task,followed by another and another.for example,how do i practice playing the piano? first sit at it.then play one note at a time.starting with a super-simp

40、le step often helps.why? it's easy,quick,and gets you in action (4). i have no time.take a look at the choices you make about how you spend time.do those choices show what's important to you? can you spare 10 minutes a day to work on a goal? let's suppose you want to be a singer. (5) tal

41、k with a parent about why your goal counts.discuss whether you can let go of something less important to free up time to achieve it.a. then keep taking steps.b. i can't start such a huge goal.c. and how can you try to reach your goal?d. to change a habit,try changing where you spend your time.e.

42、 is it more important to practice singing than play video games?41.a. aeb. bc.cd. de.42.a. ab.bc. cd. de.e43.a. ab.bc.cd. de.e44.a. ab. bc.cd. de.e45.a. ab. bc.cd. de.e五、單詞拼寫/單詞釋義(本大題共6小題，共15.0分)46. there are three workers in the park now.they are working (1) h.one worker is(2) pa tree in a hole.the

43、 other two are (3) dholes in the ground,theyalso need to (4) wthe trees and clean the area for visitors.although the work isvery hard,they still feel very happy.they hope the whole city will (5) bgreener.so we should respect all the workers.47. 多么現(xiàn)代化的一棟建筑??！the building is!48. 我不能同意你的觀點(diǎn)。i cannotyou.4

44、9. 我曾經(jīng)常常和我媽媽出門去看夜晚的星星。iwith my mom to look at stars at night.50 .她變得對科學(xué)感興越。she becomesscience.51.從那天起，她每天早上都起的很早。, she gets up early every day.答案和解析1. 【答案】a【解析】h osthou st； h othd t； h obby' hd bi； h olidayf' hd lodei .根據(jù)各項(xiàng)中單詞 的音標(biāo)可知，劃線部分在b, c, d選項(xiàng)中的發(fā)音是d,而在a選項(xiàng)中的發(fā)音是oul.a 項(xiàng)中劃線部分讀音與其余三個讀音不同。故選：a

45、ohost主辦；hqt熱的；h obby愛好；h oliday假期。首先要掌握這兒個詞的發(fā)音，然后根據(jù)具體的題目，就可以做正確選擇.2. 【答案】d【解析】many' meni； anybody' enibodi； freshfref ； actually'缶ktj uoli.根據(jù)各 項(xiàng)中單詞的音標(biāo)可知，劃線部分在a, b, c選項(xiàng)中的發(fā)音是e,而在d選項(xiàng)中的發(fā)音 是叫.d項(xiàng)中劃線部分讀音與其余三個讀音不同。故選：dom any許多；anybody任何人；fr esh新鮮的；actually事實(shí)上。首先要掌握這幾個詞的發(fā)音，然后根據(jù)具體的題目，就可以做正確選擇.3. 【

46、答案】c【解析】le ssles； tennis' teni s； ourselve s' auo' selvzj； nervou s' n3 : vos.根據(jù) 各項(xiàng)中單詞的音標(biāo)可知，劃線部分在a, b, d選項(xiàng)中的發(fā)音是s,而在c選項(xiàng)中的發(fā) 音是z.c項(xiàng)中劃線部分讀音與其余三個讀音不同。故選：cole她較少的；tenni s_網(wǎng)球；ourselve宣我們自己；nervou s_緊張的。首先要掌握這幾個詞的發(fā)音，然后根據(jù)具體的題目，就可以做正確選擇.4. 【答案】a【解析】disc ussdi ' ska s； usual' ju： 3 uol；

47、 comp uterk9m' pju： to （r）；uniform' ju： ni fo : m.根據(jù)各項(xiàng)中單詞的音標(biāo)可知，劃線部分在b, c, d選項(xiàng)中的發(fā) 音是uu：,而在a選項(xiàng)中的發(fā)音是a.a項(xiàng)中劃線部分讀音與其余三個讀音不同。 故選：aodisc qss 討論；usual 通常；comp uter 電腦；uniform 制服。首先要掌握這幾個詞的發(fā)音，然后根據(jù)具體的題目，就可以做正確選擇.5. 【答案】d【解析】achieved。tj i： vd； movedmu： vdl： enjoy edi n' dj i d； checkedftf ektl. 根據(jù)各項(xiàng)

48、中單詞的音標(biāo)可知，劃線部分在a, b, c選項(xiàng)中的發(fā)音是d,而在d選項(xiàng)中 的發(fā)音是t.d項(xiàng)中劃線部分讀音與其余三個讀音不同。故選：doachiev ed_達(dá)到；mov ed 移動；enjoy ed 享受；check ed 檢查。首先要掌握這幾個詞的發(fā)音，然后根據(jù)具體的題目，就可以做正確選擇.6.【答案】【小題1】d【小題2】c【小題3】a【小題4】b【小題5】c【小題6】a【小題7】b【小題8】d【小題9】c【小題10 d【解析】（1） d介詞辨析。a在上，b在，c為，d在里，根據(jù)in autumn在秋天, 是固定短語，故答案是d。（2）c副詞辨析。a很少，b從不，c總是,d只，僅僅，根據(jù)we

49、 think it is （2）the best season to visit england.應(yīng)該是我們認(rèn)為這總是訪問英格蘭的最佳季節(jié)，故答案是co（3）a連詞辨析。a和，b或者，c由于，d但是，根據(jù)。月份的天氣通常都很好，旅 客太多了。表并列，故答案是a。（4）b冠詞辨析。a（個），用于以輔音音素開頭的單詞前表示泛指；an -（個）， 用于以元音音素開頭的單詞前表示泛指；the定冠詞，表示特指；/不填。根據(jù)語境：我 住在倫敦西區(qū)的一家小旅館里。泛指，small首字母發(fā)音/s/是輔音音素，故答案是b。（5）c動詞辨析。根據(jù)全文時態(tài)是一般過去時，動詞要用過去式，故答案是c。(6) a非謂語動

50、詞辨析。根據(jù)would like to do sth想做某事，是固定用法，故答案是a。(7) b動詞辨析。根據(jù)spend time doing sth花費(fèi)時間做某事，是固定短語，故答案是b。(8) d形容詞辨析。a動詞或名詞，b動詞或名詞，c形容詞，修飾人，d形容詞，修 飾物，根據(jù)plays是名詞，前面要用形容詞，修飾物，故答案是d。(9) c動詞辨析。根據(jù)后面but britain has some可知時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是復(fù)數(shù), be動詞要用are,故答案是c。(10) d代詞辨析。根據(jù)enjoyed oneself玩得開心，是固定短語，要用反身代詞，故答 案是d。本文主要介紹了作者的一

51、家在去年的秋天去倫敦旅行，這個時節(jié)氣候好、游客少，旅行 便利，他們在倫敦觀賞名勝、購物、看戲劇、吃可口的食物等，并且打算明年再來游玩?？疾橥晷翁羁铡８鶕?jù)所給的短文對意思有所了解，然后根據(jù)短文的大體意思，選擇每個 符合題意的答案，使短文更通順。16.【答案】【小題11 d【小題2】c【小題3】b【小題4】d【小題5】b【小題6】b【小題7】c【小題8】a【小題9】b【小題10 b【解析】(1) d考查動詞。saving拯救；節(jié)省；helping幫助;calling打電話；noticing 注意。根據(jù)上文 on my way home i knocked into (撞上)a stranger a

52、s he passed by.在回家 的路上，我撞到了一個路過的陌生人?？芍?，因?yàn)闆]有注意到，所以會撞到對方。句意： 我甚至沒有注意到你。故選d。(2) c考查形容詞。sad傷心的；angry生氣的；polite有禮貌的；proud驕傲的。根據(jù) 上文 oh i'm terribly sorry." i said,"that's right.please excuse me too； i wasn't even (1) youi wish i didn't hurt you.”'可知，”我”和那個陌生人都非常的有禮貌。句意:我們都很 有

53、禮貌。故選c。(3) b考查動詞。help幫助；treat對待；welcome歡迎；tell告訴。根據(jù)句意可知，這 里表示我們對待愛的人的方式不同。句意：但是在家里，我們經(jīng)常用不同的方式對待我 們所愛的人。故選b。(4) d考查動詞。put放下；安置；took帶走；turned轉(zhuǎn)身；knocked敲，撞。根據(jù)上 文”my daughter stood beside me very quietly.*'可知，”我''的女兒悄悄地站在”我”旁邊，所 以當(dāng)我轉(zhuǎn)身的時候，差點(diǎn)把她撞倒。knock-down撞倒，是固定短語。句意：當(dāng)我轉(zhuǎn)身 的時候，我差點(diǎn)把她撞倒。故選d。(5)

54、b考查副詞。on在上面；away離開；through穿過；into到里面。根據(jù)上文” 'move out of the way； i shouted.,h,可知，”我”讓女兒走開，所以這里女兒走開了。句意：她走開 了，眼睛里含著淚。故選b。(6) b考查動詞短語。get on ±車；get叩起床；turn on打開；turn叩把聲音開大；出 現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文while i lay in bed,./*可知，”我”已經(jīng)上床了，這時想去跟女兒道歉，所以 應(yīng)該是”起床”。句意：所以我決定起來對女兒道歉。故選b。(7) c考查名詞。books書；clothes衣服；flowers花；ve

55、getables蔬菜。根據(jù)下文 then i asked, "did you (9) these flowers for me? ”可知，女兒給”我”摘 了一些花兒。句意： 令我吃驚的是，在去她臥室的路上，我發(fā)現(xiàn)在廚房門口有一些花。故選c。(8) a考查名詞。bed床；table桌子；chair椅子；sofa沙發(fā)。根據(jù)語境n0n the way to her bedroom-she woke叩”可知，”我”去了女兒的臥室，而且那時候女兒已經(jīng)睡著了，所以 這里應(yīng)該是表示在床邊。句意：我悄悄地走過去，在她床邊跪下來。故選a。(9) b考查動詞。put放；pick摘；拾起；buy買；bor

56、row借。根據(jù)下文i picked them because they're pretty like you.可知，女兒給”我"摘了一些花。句意："那些 花是你摘給我的嗎？ ”故選b。(10) b考查動詞。laughed笑；shouted大喊;shot射擊;aimed目標(biāo)，目的。根據(jù)上 文“move out of the way, ”1 shouted"可知，”我”對著女兒大喊,這里向女兒道歉。句意： 我不應(yīng)該朝你大聲喊。故選b。本文主要介紹了我們平時對待陌生人很有禮貌但是我們經(jīng)常用不同的方式對待我們所 愛的人。作者講述了自己粗魯?shù)膶Υ畠旱墓适??？疾橥晷?/p>

57、填空。根據(jù)所給的短文對意思有所了解，然后根據(jù)短文的大體意思，選擇每個 符合題意的答案，使短文更通順。26.【答案】【小題11 b【小題2】d【小題3】c【解析】(1) b。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"i can hear supporters,cheering for their team'*我能聽 到支持者在為他們的球隊(duì)歡呼?？芍莃項(xiàng)符合題意。故選：b。(2) do 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"i can smell the paints and paper in my art class11 在美術(shù)課上我 能聞到顏料和紙的味道。可知d符合題意。故選：do(3) co主旨大意題。根

58、據(jù)標(biāo)題”the colorful world”五彩繽紛的世界?？芍莄項(xiàng)符合 題意。故選：co文章通過看、聽、聞、嘗四種感覺介紹了多姿多彩的世界。做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。 推理判斷也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理地分析才能得出正確的答案。29.【答案】【小題1 c【小題2】b【小題3】d【小題4】a【解析】(1)c。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) chinafs highly-respected translator and writer yang jiang passed away on may 25 in beijing,aged 105.可知 5 月 25 日，