一般現(xiàn)在時,現(xiàn)在進行時,一般過去時講解

1、（1）基本用法1. 一般過去時通常用來表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀況。如：Where were you last week?上周你在哪兒？-I was at my uncle's home in the countryside.（上周）我在鄉(xiāng)下的叔叔家。2.有些情況，發(fā)生時間沒有明確標明，但實際上是過去發(fā)生的，應(yīng)用過去時態(tài)；另外，在談到已故 去的人時，也多用過去時。如：He bought a cat, and now they are good friends.他買了一只貓，現(xiàn)在他們是好朋友了。Lu Xun was a great writer. 魯迅是位偉大的作家。（2）時間狀語與一

2、般過去時連用的時間狀語有： yesterday （昨天），last night （昨晚），last week（上個星期）， four days ago （四天前），in 2002 （在 2002 年），just now （剛才），the day before yesterday （前 天）等。如：He went to the park yesterday.她昨天去了花園。I was ten years old in 2001.我 2001 年才 10 歲。（3）動詞的過去式在一般過去時態(tài)中會涉及到動詞的過去式，大家要掌握規(guī)則動詞的過去式的變化規(guī)則。其基本的變化 規(guī)則如下： 一般情況下，在動詞原

3、形后直接edo如：play played , look looked 。 以e結(jié)尾的動詞在其后加 do如：like liked, use-used。 與輔音字母加 y結(jié)尾的動詞，把y變成i 再加edo如：carry- carried, marry - married 。 以重讀閉音節(jié)（或r音節(jié)）結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母時，雙寫這個輔音字母，再加ed。如：stop -stopped, prefer - preferred 。當然，剛才提到的都是規(guī)則動詞的構(gòu)成，我們還學過許多不規(guī)則動詞的過去式形式。如：am was,are - were, put - put, see - saw, eat -

4、ate等，這些可需要我們在課下牢牢記住喲！一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)一、 定義與講解一般現(xiàn)在時：表示經(jīng)常性的事情，經(jīng)常性的動作或一般性事實。二、一般現(xiàn)在時的用法表示經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作或存在的狀態(tài)；表示客觀事實或普遍真理；在時間、條件等狀語從句中，用現(xiàn)在時表示將來；在某些以here, there開頭的句子中，用一般現(xiàn)在時表示正在發(fā)生的動作三、時間狀語：often 經(jīng)常，usually 通常，always 總是，every 每個，sometimes 有時,at在幾點鐘只有在第三人稱單數(shù)用動詞的“三單變化”，其他用動詞的原形。動詞三單變化規(guī)則：1.多數(shù)在動詞后+ s play plays like likes(

5、1)直接在動詞詞尾加-s.ask-asks work-works get-gets stay-stays(2)以字母s, x, ch, sh 或。結(jié)尾的動詞，在詞尾直接加-es.watch-watches wish-wishes fix-fixes do-doesgo-goes pass-passes(3)以“輔音字母加-y ”結(jié)尾的動詞，要先變 y為i再加-es.try-tries study-studies cry-cries fly-flies情況構(gòu)成方法塊日例詞一般情況加-s清輔首后讀/s/濁輔音和元音后讀/z/swim-swims ; help-helps ;like-likes以輔

6、音字母尾的詞+o結(jié)加-es讀/z/goes,does以 s,sh,ch,x結(jié)尾的詞等加-es讀/iz/watches,washes以輔音字母尾的詞+y結(jié)變y為i再加es讀/z/study-studies不規(guī)則變化 和be動詞have變 have 為 has 變 be為 am,is,arehave-has be-am,is,are2.不規(guī)則變化：beis are havehas四、一般現(xiàn)在時的結(jié)構(gòu)疑問式一般現(xiàn)在時的結(jié)構(gòu)否定式否定疑問式I work.Do you work?I don't work.Don't you work?You work.Do you work?You do

7、n't work.Don't you work?We work.Do you work?We don't work.Don't you work?They work.Do they work?They don't work.Don't they work?He(She,It)Does he(she,it)He(She,It) doesn'tDoesn't he(she it)works.work?work.work?現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)一"、概念、現(xiàn)在進行時表說話時正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進

8、行的動作.結(jié)構(gòu)：助動詞 be ( am / is / are ) +現(xiàn)在分詞.二、現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成：1 .大多數(shù)動詞后可在動詞后直接加-ing .Eg: carry-carrying,catch-catching,drink-drinking, enjoy-enjoying hurry-hurrying ,do-doing , read-reading , think-thinking2 .如果動詞以-e結(jié)尾，則去掉-e,再加-ing,如 come-coming , have-having , make-making,ride-riding,write-writing,take-takin g,

9、use-using3 .如果動詞只有一個元音字母，而其后跟有一個輔音字母時，將此輔音字母雙寫，再加-ing如：hit-hitting,let-letting, put-putting,run-running,sit-sitting4 .如果動詞有兩個音節(jié)，且重音在第二個音節(jié)上，則末尾的輔音字母須雙寫，再加-ing,如 : for get-forgetting, pre fer-preferring,up set-upsetting 試比較 b enefit/benfiting, differ/differing, profit/profiting, 這些詞的重音在第一個音節(jié)上 , 因此其末尾的

10、輔音字母不雙寫5 . 以 -ic 結(jié)尾的動詞 , 應(yīng)先把 -ic 變?yōu)?-ick, 再加 -ing, eg: panic/panicking,picnic /picnicking, 但 lie/lying ,die/dying,tie/tying是特殊變化要記住三、句型結(jié)構(gòu)：1.現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定形式、否定形式、疑問形式及其回答 , 所有變化都體現(xiàn)在助動詞 be ( is / am / are ) 上1)現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定形式：主語+be(am/ is/are)+doing+ 其他成分I am singing . They are writing .2) 現(xiàn)在進行時的否定形式: 主語 +be(am

11、/ is/are)+not +doing+ 其他成分I am not singing . They aren t writing .3)一般疑問句及回答：be(am/ is/are)+ 主語 +doing+ 其他成分Am I singing ? Yes ,you are . / No ,you aren t .Are they writing ? Yes ,they are . / No ,they aren t .4)特殊疑問句及回答: 特殊疑問詞 +be(am/ is/are)+ 主語 +doing+ 其他成分What are you doing ? We are playing ( 要求

12、就提問內(nèi)容具體回答).3) 說明 : 不是所有動詞都能用現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)的 , 如： see 、 like 、 want 、 know 等動詞往往都不用進行時態(tài)四用法：1. 表示現(xiàn)在 ( 指說話人說話時) 正在發(fā)生的事情 往往與 now,at the moment,just 等副詞連用 , 以示強調(diào) We are waiting for you ？ What are you doing?Some one s knocking at the door 2. 正在進行著的動作可視為未完成的動作。He s talking to his friends in the classroom.可用 still

13、一詞強調(diào)動作的持續(xù)性He s still talking to his friends in theclassroom.3. 表示長期的或重復性的動作, 說話時動作未必正在進行Mr. Black is writing another article. Don t take that book away. Your father s using it. She is learning piano under Mr. Black.4. 現(xiàn)在進行時可用來表示不會長期發(fā)生的動作或情況, 或被認為在短期內(nèi)正在進行的動作或存在的情況：What s your brother doing these days

14、? He s studying English at Oxford Uni versity.5. 現(xiàn)在進行時也可以用來表示當前的動向:People are becoming more and more beautiful these days.6. 表示漸變的動詞有：become,turn,get,grow,run,go,begin 等.The leaves are turning brow.It' s getting colder and colder.7 .與always,constantly,forever等詞連用，表反復發(fā)生的動作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩.Yo

15、u are always changing your mind.g next winter in China.8 .現(xiàn)在進行時（以及be going to ）可以表示為將來安排好的活動和事件We' re spendin用arrive,come,go,leave等動詞的現(xiàn)在進行時描寫行程安排，也通常有“將到達”和“將離去”的意思:He ' s arriving tomorrow morning.9.當現(xiàn)在進行時表示某事發(fā)生的次數(shù)過多時,則有時含有抱怨，討厭，贊揚等的意思:'t fall asleep late at night.He is always singing a

16、t night,and we can一、寫出下列動詞的過去式：2. enjoy 5. have(am) 8. want 9. talk12. take 13. do 14. get 15. catch二、用所給動詞正確形式填空。1. My mother(buy) a lot of postcards yesterday.2. The twins(be) thirteen years old two years ago.3. I(get) up at half past six this morning.4. Jim(help) an old man carry his bag just now

17、.5. There(be) a King many years ago.6. Did you(have) a test yesterday?7. I(come) to school at seven yesterday.8. Once he(be) a shop assistant.9. The bat (like) sleeping in the day and(fly) out for food at night.does Mr. Lin(live)? -He(live) in the USA.11. Mother always(do) some washing after meals.t

18、wins(wear) a pair of glasses every day.13. A plane always(fly) high in the sky.usually(get) up early in the morning.15. The two writers(visit) each other once a year.(play) football every day.三、選擇填空。()1. My parents were having supper when I back home.A. come B. came C. coming D. comes()2. My sister

19、the Youth League last year.A. join B. joins C. joined D. joining()3. Father his coat and went out.A. put on B. puts on C. putted on D. puted on()4. The teacher me a question just now.A. ask B. asked C. asking D. asks()5. This is my ninth birthday and I eight years old last year.A. was B. were C. is D. are()6. Did you a letter to me last month?A. write B. writes C. writing D. wrote()7. Mother a story about a hungry wolf yesterday.A. tell