(高考非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法總結(jié))名師優(yōu)質(zhì)資料

1、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法總結(jié) 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是歷年高考英語(yǔ)的重要考點(diǎn)之一，也是較難掌握的難點(diǎn)之一。它貫穿于英語(yǔ) 學(xué)習(xí)和考試過程的始終。但是，只要認(rèn)真分析、透徹理解、看透本質(zhì)、準(zhǔn)確把握，就一 定能在高考中運(yùn)籌帷幄，游刃有余。 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞區(qū)另 U簡(jiǎn)表 類別 區(qū)別 to do doing done 含義 主動(dòng)被動(dòng)同位或?qū)?lái) 主動(dòng)或（正在）進(jìn)行 被動(dòng)或完成 成分 （名詞） 主語(yǔ)、 賓語(yǔ)、 表 語(yǔ) （不定式）定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、 補(bǔ)語(yǔ) （動(dòng)名詞）主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、 定語(yǔ)（表用途） （現(xiàn)在分詞）定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ) （過去分詞） 作定語(yǔ)、狀 語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)、 表 語(yǔ) （多表狀 態(tài)） 否定 (not ) to do (not)doing

2、(not)done 時(shí)態(tài) 一般：to do 進(jìn)行：to be doing 完成：to have done 完成進(jìn)行:to have been doing 一般:doing 進(jìn)行:本身 完成:having done （只作狀 語(yǔ)） 完成進(jìn)行：無(wú) 一般：done 進(jìn)行：無(wú) 完成：本身 語(yǔ)態(tài) 一般被動(dòng)：to be done 進(jìn)行被動(dòng)：無(wú) 完成被動(dòng)：to have been done 完成進(jìn)行被動(dòng)：無(wú) 一般被動(dòng):being done 進(jìn)行被動(dòng)：本身 完 成被動(dòng):having been done 完成進(jìn)行被動(dòng)：無(wú) 本身 作用 作目的狀語(yǔ)、條件狀語(yǔ)、 原因狀語(yǔ)、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ) 作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、條件狀語(yǔ)、原因 狀語(yǔ)、

3、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)、方式狀語(yǔ)、 伴隨狀語(yǔ)、讓步狀語(yǔ) 作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、 條件狀語(yǔ)、原 因狀語(yǔ)、方式 狀語(yǔ)、伴隨狀 語(yǔ)、讓步狀語(yǔ) 二不定式的用法 不定式不可作謂語(yǔ)，但它可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ)，在句中可以作 主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)（表用途）、狀語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。高考對(duì)不定式的考查主要有不定 式的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、作用、否定、省略、連詞+不定式等。 1. 作主語(yǔ) 不定式作主語(yǔ)表示具體的動(dòng)作，通常指一件已知的事或目的。 不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 eg:To say is a thing,to do is another.（ 說(shuō)是一回事，做是另外一回事。 ） （ 2 ）不定式短語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)時(shí)，通常放在謂語(yǔ)之后，用

4、 it 作形式主語(yǔ)。 eg: It is important to learn English well.（ 學(xué)好英語(yǔ)是重要的。 ） It is necessary for us to do the job well.（ 我們做好這項(xiàng)工作是必要的。 ） It is a great honor to be invited to give a speech here.（ 被邀請(qǐng)?jiān)谶@兒發(fā)表 演講是一個(gè)極大的榮幸。 ） 2. 作賓語(yǔ) （1）常只用不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有： want,wish,hope,long,expect,desire,intend,decide,ask,promise,aim,off

5、er,ag ree,plan,learn,choose,refuse,fail,manage,pretend 等。 eg:He refused to help me.（ 他拒絕幫助我.） She has agreed to come tomorrow 他已同意明天來(lái) .） （2） 不定式較長(zhǎng)時(shí)，作賓語(yǔ)，也可用 it 代替，放在后面。 eg;I find it difficult to do the job well. （3） “特殊疑問詞+不定式 to do結(jié)構(gòu)”具有名詞特征，可作賓語(yǔ)。 eg:She didn t know whether to go or not. They haven t

6、 decided when and where to build the school. （4）不定式可作介 but,except,besides 除 . 之外”的賓語(yǔ)，介詞前有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 do 的任何一種形式，后邊的不定式就無(wú) to, 否則必帶 to 。 eg: I want to do nothing but play the computer games 。 I have no choice but to wait 。 3. 動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ) （ 1）不定式作表語(yǔ)放在 be 和其他系動(dòng)詞后，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容。同樣， “特殊疑問詞 不定式”具有名詞特征，也可作表語(yǔ)。 eg:My job is

7、to sweep the floor. His goal was to enter the key university of Beijing. The first question is how to find a better way to learn English well. （2） 不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，表語(yǔ)也必須為不定式，結(jié)構(gòu)必須保持一致。 eg:To see is to believe. （3） 如果主語(yǔ)部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 do 的某種形式，那么作表語(yǔ)的 不定式可以省去 to. eg:The first thing to do is find her. The onl

8、y thing he could do was tell the truth. 4. 不定式作定語(yǔ) 不定式作定語(yǔ)常放在所修飾的名詞或代詞后。 eg: I have something important to tell you.（ 不定式與被修飾名詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān) 系。 ） His wish to be an artist has never come true.（ 不定式與被修飾名詞構(gòu)成同 位關(guān)系。 ） He is the right man to do the job. （ 不定式與被修飾名詞構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系。 ） The little girl was unhappy because she h

9、ad no friends to play with. （ 不定 式與被修飾名詞構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系。 ） （注：若不定式為不及物動(dòng)詞，其后須加上相應(yīng)的介 詞。 ） 5. 不定式作狀語(yǔ) 不定式作狀語(yǔ)主要是表示目的、條件、原因和結(jié)果，可位于句首或句末，但句首時(shí)通 常用逗號(hào)隔開。 eg: We set off early that morning to catch the first bus. （目的） To get a good result,she worked very hard. （目的） I feel it an honor to be invited to the party.（ 條件 ） S

10、he was very happy to get the first prize.（ 原因 ） He worked hard only to fail.（ 結(jié)果 ） （ 注： 1. 不定式常用在 so as 或 in order 后 ,與它們一起作謂語(yǔ)，表示目的，但 so as 引起的不定式不可置于句首。 eg:In order to avoid mistakes,check your homework. 2. 不定式表目的常和 only 連用，往往表示出乎意料的意想不到的不愿得到的結(jié)果。 eg:He hurried to the station only to find the train

11、had left.） 3 “形容詞 enough 不定式” 和“ too 形容詞或副詞 （不表情感） 不定式” 也 可作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。 eg: He is old enough to go to school. He is too weak to raise the stone. 但“ too 表情感形容詞（ pleased,ready,glad,willing,anxious 等） to do ”表 示肯定意義， too 前面可用 only,but 等詞修飾。 eg: They were （only） too anxious to leave.（ 他們只是太急于離開了。 ） She is （on

12、ly） too pleased to go home.（ 她非常高興可以回家了。 ） 6. 不定式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ) 不定式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作的完成。賓語(yǔ)與作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的不定式之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。 （1）后接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)的常見動(dòng)詞有： want,wish,expect,prefer,like,hate,ask,beg,request,require,beg,get,advise,p ersuade,invite,order,remind,permit,allow,send,callon,wouldlike/love,arran ge for,depend on 等。 eg: She wanted me to arr

13、ive there early. Our headmaster call on us to work hard. （ 2 ） 動(dòng)詞不定式可作感官動(dòng)詞（五看二聽一感覺即： see,look at,watch,observe,notice ， hear,listen to ，feel ）和使讓動(dòng)詞 （ let,make,have 等）后面的賓補(bǔ)時(shí)， 不定式符號(hào) to 要省略， 但如果句子變被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)， 必須帶 to. 表示動(dòng)作的完成。 eg: He made them climb the hill. They were made to climb the hill. （3） 動(dòng)詞不定式可作形容詞的補(bǔ)

14、足語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞不定式可作形容詞的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，句型為： （ 一 ）主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)（ adj 為 convenient/easy/expensive/difficult/hard/impossible/pleasent 等） to do.（ 注： to do 常用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)，其中 do 為 vt, 主語(yǔ)為 to do 的賓語(yǔ)。 ） （二）主語(yǔ) find/think/consider/believe 等賓語(yǔ) adj to do.（ 注：其中 to do 常用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)，其中 do 為 vt, 主語(yǔ)為 to do 的賓語(yǔ)。 ） eg: He is easy to fool. The woman is easy

15、 to work with. He found the job is difficult to work out. （4） “特殊疑問詞+不定式 to do ”具有名詞特征，可作賓補(bǔ)。 （謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多為 show,know,teach,tell 等。 ） eg:I ll tell you how to get there 7 不定式作評(píng)注性狀語(yǔ)或插入語(yǔ) 不定式可以作評(píng)注性狀語(yǔ)或插入語(yǔ) ,放在句子前面、中間或末尾。常見的有 to be frank,to be honest,to tell the truth,to begin with ， to start with,to be short 等。

16、eg:To begin with,I think you are wrong. 三動(dòng)名詞用法 動(dòng)名詞具有動(dòng)詞和名詞的特點(diǎn)，有一般式和完成式，有主動(dòng)式和被動(dòng)式，可作主語(yǔ)、 賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ) .否定形式在其前面加 not. （ 1）動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ) 動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)表示抽象動(dòng)作，指一件已知的事或經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 eg: Driving a car on the crowded road is boring. Reading is my hobby. （ 2）常只用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有： admit,avoid,appreciate,consider,dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,finis

17、h,imagine ,keep,mind,miss,practise,risk,resist,suggest 等。 eg: I can t imagine marrying her. She managed to escape being punished. 以下動(dòng)詞詞組后面只接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)： give up,belong to,look forward to,keep on,insist on,be busy,get down to,be devoted to,have difficulty/trouble(in),have a good/wonderful time (in) 等。 eg:

18、 I m looking forward to hearing from you soon. He gave up smoking three years. (3) 動(dòng)名詞可作表語(yǔ) 動(dòng)名詞可作表語(yǔ)，一般為主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容 .表示一般性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。 在概念上可以和主 語(yǔ)劃等號(hào)。把主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)倒過來(lái)，句子的基本含義不變。 eg:His hobby is painting. (4) 動(dòng)名詞可作定語(yǔ) 動(dòng)名詞可作定語(yǔ)，表示所修飾事物的功能或用途。 eg:He often studies in the reading room. 四現(xiàn)在分詞 現(xiàn)在分詞具有動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，在句中作定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)

19、。 1 作定語(yǔ) 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)， 單個(gè) v-ing 放在被修飾的名詞前； 如果短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)， 則放在所修飾 詞的后面。 v-ing 作定語(yǔ)和被修飾詞之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系， 表示動(dòng)作正在同時(shí)進(jìn)行或經(jīng)常 性發(fā)生。 eg:the falling leaves = the leaves which are falling the rising sun =the sun which is rising I saw him go into the house facing south. 2 作狀語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞 -ing 或其短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、方式、伴隨 等。表示時(shí)間關(guān)系的動(dòng)詞 -ing

20、 短語(yǔ)可由連詞 while 或 when 引出。 eg:Hearing the news,they got excited.( 時(shí)間) Having finished his homework,she was playing on the playground.( 原 因) Studying hard,you are sure to get the first prize.( 條件) 3 作補(bǔ)語(yǔ) 現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，賓語(yǔ)與作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。 后面常接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有感官動(dòng)詞(五看二聽一感覺 see,look at,watch,observe,notice,hea

21、r,listen to,feel )使讓動(dòng)詞( have,get )以及其他類 動(dòng)詞 leave,keep,catch,set 等。表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。 eg: I saw them playing games on the playground yesterday. Don leave him waiting outside the room. 4作表語(yǔ) 現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于形容詞，常表示主語(yǔ)所具有的特征，含有主動(dòng)意味。大多數(shù)使 動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞通?？勺鞅碚Z(yǔ)，常見的有： interesting,amusing,boring,tiring,pleasing,exciting,moving,disa

22、ppointing, surpring,encouraging 等。 eg: His story was very moving. The speech is really boring. 5作評(píng)注性狀語(yǔ)或插入語(yǔ) 可以作評(píng)注性狀語(yǔ)或插入語(yǔ) ,放在句子前面、中間或末尾。 注：“連詞 +doing 短語(yǔ)”一般情況下，分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系而不能根據(jù) 語(yǔ)法特征來(lái)判定它是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、條件狀語(yǔ)或讓步狀語(yǔ)等。因此，有時(shí)會(huì)遇到很難判斷 其歸屬的情形。 但如果在其前加上 when,if,once,since 等連詞， 就會(huì)很清楚地表明狀 語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)。對(duì)于這種結(jié)構(gòu)，也可作另外的解釋，即在連詞與現(xiàn)在分詞之間省

23、略了主語(yǔ) 和 be 動(dòng)詞。 五過去分詞 過去分詞既有副詞的特征又有動(dòng)詞的特征，在句中可作定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等成 分。 （1） 作定語(yǔ) 過去分詞作定語(yǔ)，它和被修飾詞之間是被動(dòng)、完成關(guān)系，單個(gè)過去分詞作定語(yǔ)放在前， 過去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)放在后。其中及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞表示完成或被動(dòng)概念，不及物 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞只表示完成概念，沒有被動(dòng)的意味。 eg:the risen sun = the sun which has risen fallen leaves = leaves which has fallen This is the house built several years ago. = Th

24、is is the house which was built sveral years ago. （2） 作狀語(yǔ) 過去分詞在句中作狀語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情況。它和被修飾詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。 它在句中可以作時(shí)間、條件、原因、方式、讓步和伴隨狀語(yǔ)。 eg:Tired out,they stopped to have a rest.（ 原因） Taken around the city,we were impressed by the city s new look. Though warned of the danger ,he still went skating on the thin i

25、ce. （3） 作補(bǔ)語(yǔ) 及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，和賓語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系。不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作賓 補(bǔ)表狀態(tài)和完成。 （1） 可以帶過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有感官動(dòng)詞（五看二聽一感覺） ，使役動(dòng)詞 have,get,make 等，以及其他類動(dòng) keep,leave,like,want,wish 等。 eg: I can t get the car going. I had my leg broken last week. （4） 作表語(yǔ) 過去分詞作表語(yǔ)表示被動(dòng)意義，主語(yǔ)常是人，一般用來(lái)表示感受和狀態(tài)，可以用作表 語(yǔ)的常見的過去分詞有： astonished,delighted,disappoint

26、ed,excited,experienced,exhausted,frighte ned,interested,puzzled,qualitied,satisfied,upset 等 ,有些過去分詞作表語(yǔ)實(shí)際上 已經(jīng)構(gòu)成固定短語(yǔ)。如： be interested in,be satisfied with,be covered with,be dressed in,be seated,be locked 等。能用這些分詞作表語(yǔ)的系動(dòng)詞有 be,get,remain,stay 等。 eg: The door remained locked. We were greatly encouraged w

27、hen we heard the speech. 六 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu) 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)為“名詞或代詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞” 或“ with 名詞 /代詞非謂 語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞”。在語(yǔ)法上是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的短語(yǔ)，不是句子（即：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)與主句 主語(yǔ)不一致，須保留之后所構(gòu)成的結(jié)構(gòu)） ?？煞旁诰涫谆蚓湮?。 （ 一） 名詞或代詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 （1）名詞 / 代詞不定式 名詞或代詞通常為動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，與不定式構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，可位于句首或句 末。 eg:He will send me $ 100 first,the rest to follow in a year. （2） 名詞/ 代詞現(xiàn)在分詞 名詞或代詞

28、通常為現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，與現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān) 系。 eg :Time permiting,we finish the work.（ 表?xiàng)l件 ） Spring coming on,the trees turns green.（ 表時(shí)間） （3）名詞 / 代詞過去分詞 名詞或代詞通常為過去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者。與過去分詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān) 系或系表關(guān)系。 eg:The sigal given,the bus started. Their strength exhausted,they sank down one by one.（ 表原因 ） （二） with 名詞 / 代詞

29、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 （ 1 ） with 名詞 / 代詞不定式 不定式和賓語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生。 eg:With nothing to do,they went out for a walk. （表原因） （2）with 名詞 / 代詞現(xiàn)在分詞 賓語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞 -ing 之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示的動(dòng)作和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。 eg:The boy slept with the light burning. （表伴隨） （3） with 名詞 / 代詞過去分詞 不定式和賓語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。 eg:They stayed inside with the door locked.

30、（表伴隨） 七非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別問題 （一）動(dòng)詞后接 to do 不定式還是 doing 動(dòng)名詞的情況： （1）只能接 to do 不定式的動(dòng)詞有： want,wish,hope,long,expect,desire,intend,decide,ask,promise,aim,offer,ag ree,plan,learn,choose,refuse,fail,manage,pretend 等。 （2 ）常只用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有： admit,avoid,appreciate,consider dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,imagine,keep,mi

31、nd,miss,practise,risk,res ist,suggest 等。 （3）動(dòng)詞后二者都可跟，意義不同的有： remember to do sth 記起要做某事 remember doing sth 記起做過某事 forget to do sth 忘記要做某事 forget doing sth 忘記做過某事 regret to do sth 后悔要做某事 regret doing sth 后悔做過某事 go on to do sth 接著做另外一件事 go on doing sth 接著做同一件事 stop to do sth 停下來(lái)開始做另外一件某事 stop doing sth

32、 停止做正在做的某事 try to do sth 盡力做某事 try doing sth 試著做某事 mean to do sth 打算（意欲，企圖）做某事 mean doing sth 意味著做某事 can t help （ to ） do sth 不能幫忙做某事 can t help doing sth 情不自禁地做某事 （ 4 ）動(dòng)詞后二者都可跟，意義相同的有： begin,start,like,love,prefer,hate 是區(qū)別在于：后接動(dòng)名詞時(shí)表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作，后接不定式時(shí)表示的是具體的特定的 動(dòng)作。 eg:I like playing football,but I don t

33、 like play now. 重點(diǎn)提示：在下列情況下 begin 和 start 后只接不定式： I .主語(yǔ)是物不是人。 eg:Spring came on and the snow began to melt. n .二者用于進(jìn)行時(shí) eg:lt s begin to rain. 山.二者后接表示心理活動(dòng)或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。 eg:l began to realize how stupid l was. IV .二者后接不定式的被動(dòng)式。 eg:The new type of computer began to be developed in the 1980 考慮） 等。但 s. （二）“感官動(dòng)詞

34、賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)（ to do sth/doing sth ）”的區(qū)別 感官動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)（ to do sth ） 表示事實(shí)或全過程 感官動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ) （ doing sth ） 表示片段或進(jìn)行 eg:The missing boys were last seen playing near the river. Did you see a pencil-box lying on the ground just now. （三）個(gè)別“使讓動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)”的特別詞的用法 1 ） have 賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ) have +賓語(yǔ)+ do “讓做某事”，不定式作賓補(bǔ)可以指現(xiàn)在、將來(lái)或可能發(fā)生的動(dòng) 作。 eg: They h

35、ad me repeat the message. I won t have you say such things. I won t have you blame it on me. have +賓語(yǔ)+ doing “讓一直做某事”，現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)可以表示主語(yǔ)有意讓別人 去做或無(wú)意引起某人可能去做或表示遭遇。 eg:Tom tried to have her talking.But no use. I won have you speaking to your parents like that.（ 注：have +賓語(yǔ)+ doing 用于否定句， have 有容忍之意。 ） Why sho

36、uld we have the boy standing in the corner the whole morning. have +賓語(yǔ)+ done “使被做”過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)可表示主語(yǔ)有意識(shí)的行為或表示 “遭 遇”、“經(jīng)歷”（動(dòng)作違背主語(yǔ)的意愿） eg:We ought to have her examined by a doctor. The old woman had her handbag stolen. 2 ） get 賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ) get +賓語(yǔ)+ to do（ = have +賓語(yǔ)+ do） “讓做某事”有時(shí)則是“說(shuō)服 /勸說(shuō)某人做 某事” eg:I will get the pu

37、blisher to illustrate（ 加上插圖 ） the book. get +賓語(yǔ)+ doing “使（靜的物體）動(dòng)起來(lái)”，具有進(jìn)行含義。 eg:I shall soon get the machine working. 3) get +賓語(yǔ)+ done “讓被做”用法與 have +賓語(yǔ)+ done 基本相同 eg:He got his wrist broken. 習(xí)題練習(xí)：(2011 全國(guó)卷 I) 27. The next thing he saw was smoke B. rising C. to rise D. risen to the mainland by a brid

38、ge, is easy to go to. A. joining B. to join C.joined D. having joined 2011 全國(guó)卷 II ) 18Sarah pretended to be cheerful, _ nothing about the argument. A. says B: said C. to say D.saying 2011 北京卷) 25. Its important for the figures _ regularly.from behind the house. A. rose 2011 全國(guó)卷 II ) 15. The island,

39、A. to be updated B. to have been updated C. to update D. to have updated （ 2011北京卷） 33. Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, _ on your feet.A. to keep B. keeping C. having kept D. to have kept （2011 上海卷 ） 27. It s no use _ without taking action. A. complain B. complaining C. being

40、 complained D. to be complained （2011 上海卷 ） 32. The rare fish, _ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea. A. saved B. saving C. to be saved D. having saved （2011 上海卷 ） 33. At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam. Then I changed my mind, _ that he could do nothing to help. A. t

41、o realize B. realized C. realizing D. being realized （2011 上海卷）40. Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing but we seem _ the art of communicating face-to-face. A. losing B. to be losing C. to be lost D. having lost （2011山東卷） 27. Look over theretheres a very long, winding path _ up to the

42、house. A. leading B. leads C. led D. to lead （2011江西卷）32. On receiving a phone call from his wife _ she had a fall, Mr Gordon immediately rushed home from office.A. says B. said C. saying D. to say 2011 江蘇卷） 31. Recently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused he

43、ated debate among citizens. A. compared B. comparing C. compares D. being compared （2011安徽卷） 30. Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier into small pieces.A. break B. breaking C. broken D. to break （2011浙江卷） 14. Even the best writers sometimes find themselves for words. A.

44、 lose B. lost C. to lose D. having lost （2011浙江卷） 19. If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city _ by their enthusiastic supporters. A. being cheered B. be cheered C. to be cheered D. were cheered （2011福建卷） 23. Tsinghua University, _ in 1911,is home to a great number o

45、f outstanding figures.A. found B. founding C. founded D. to be founded （2011 福建卷）27.The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable _. A.held B. holding C.be held D.to hold （2011四川卷） 2. Lydia doesntfeel like _ abroad. Her parents are old. A. study B.

46、 studying C. studied D. to study （2011四川卷） 11. Simon made a big bamboo box _ the little sick bird till it could fly. A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep （2011四川卷） 16. _ an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to （2011 遼寧卷） 30. _ around the fire, the tourists danced with the local peopl

47、e. A. Gather B. To gather C. Gathering D. To be gathering （2011 天津卷）7.Passengers are permitted _ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane. A.to carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. being carried （2011 天津卷）12. _ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A. Tr

48、anslating B. Translated C. To translate D. Having translated （2011 陜西卷）14.Claire had luggage _ an hour before her plane left. A.check B. checking C. to check D. checked （2011 陜西卷）20.More highways have been built in China, _ it much easier for people to travel form one place to another. A. making B.

49、made C. to make D. having made （2011 重慶卷） 29.More TV programs, according to government to officials, will be produced _ people s concern over food safety. A.to raise B.raising C.to have raised D. having raised （2011 重慶卷）33. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself _ of his

50、 own dreams.A. reminding B. to remind C. reminded D. renmind （2011 湖南卷）21 . The ability _ an idea is as important as the idea itself. A. expressing B. expressed C. to express D. to be expressed （2011 湖南卷）23.The players _ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game .A. s

51、electing B. to select C. selected D. having selected （2011 湖南卷）29 .Do you wake up every morning _ energetic and ready to start a new day? A. feel B. to feel C. feeling D. felt 25. （10 福建）Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, _ supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake.

52、 A. sending B. to send C. having sent D. to have sent25. 34. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained _ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. A. sticking B. stuck C. to be stuck D. to have stuck 33. （ 10上海）Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues _ with her stories. A. am

53、used B. amusing C. to amuse D. to be amused 35. _ the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height. become famous. A. Offer B. Offering C. Offered D. To offer A. Approaching B. Approached C. To approach D. To be approached 40. Thai is the only way we can imagine _ the overuse of w

54、ater in students 30. （10 安徽） He had a wonderful childhood, _ with his mother to all corners of the world A. travel B. to travel C. traveled D. traveling 21. （10 湖南） Listen! Do you hear someone _ for help? A. calling B. call C. to call D. called 26. Dina, _ for months to find a job as a waitress, fin

55、ally took a position at a local advertising agency.A. struggling B. struggled C. having struggled D. to struggle 30. So far nobody has claimed the money _ in the library. A. discovered B. to be discovered C. discovering D. having discovered 24 （10 江西）The lady walked around the shops, _ an eye out fo

56、r bargains. A keep B kept C keeping D to keep 32 There were many talented actors out there just waiting _ . provinces. A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause practise the piano. A. to question B. to be questioned C. questioned D. questioning 17. The lawyer listened with full attention , _

57、 to miss any point. A. not trying B. trying not C. to try not D . not to try 27. （10 全國(guó)I） Mrs.White showed her students some old maps _from the library. A. to borrow B. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing 34. With Father s Day arcthndcorner ,1 have taken some money out of the bank _ presents for

58、 my dad. A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. to have boughtbathrooms. A. reducing B. to red C. reduced D. reduce A to discover B to be discovered C discovered D being discovered 23. （10 山 I have a lot of readings before the end of this term. A. completing B. to complete C. completed D. being completed 12.

59、 （10 天津）It rained heavily in the south _ erious flooding in several 4. （ 10四A great number of students _ said they were forced to 28. （10 江蘇） The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu , _ the students to return to their classrooms. A. enabling B. ha

60、ving enabled C. to enable D. to have enabled 16. （10 陜西） _ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees . A. Seen B. Seeing C. Having seen D. To see 19. His first book _ next month is based on a true story. A. published B. to be published C. to publish D. being publish