一般現(xiàn)在時初級中學(xué)詳解版

1、 表格式一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)和語態(tài) 般現(xiàn)在時特點 要點內(nèi)容 概念 一般現(xiàn)在時是表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作存 在的狀態(tài)或習(xí)慣性的動作的時態(tài). 時態(tài)標(biāo)志語 （表示頻率的時間） 提冋一般用how often （多久一次） ofte n , sometimes , always , usually,hardly ever, never 等頻率詞連 用, every day, every week, every mon th, every term, every year, once a week , twice a year, on Sundays,（on+ 星期幾+s，“每周星期”） 謂語動詞的時態(tài)構(gòu)成 1

2、 be動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時 ： am is are （是, “在”） 2當(dāng)謂語動詞是行為動詞 的時候： （1） 當(dāng)主語不是第三人稱單數(shù)的時候， 一般現(xiàn)在時用行為動詞的原形 （2） 主語是he,she,it等第三人稱單數(shù)， 動詞要變形加s或es . 謂語動詞語態(tài)構(gòu)成形式 被動語態(tài)的判斷方法： 1. 看是否有被動語態(tài)標(biāo)志語： by+人/物 2. 看主語與動詞關(guān) 系是否為 被動情況 （主語為動詞的承受者，“被 . ”） am / is / are + 過去分詞 重要考點： 1.表示常態(tài)性，規(guī)律性和 客觀真理性的動 主將從現(xiàn)的判斷方法： 詞要用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。 1.運用成分法先看主語前面是否有 2.表示主語

3、的性格，能力，擁有，喜好要 主將從現(xiàn)的標(biāo)志語 用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。 2看從句標(biāo)志語后面的是否是 現(xiàn)在 3.在時間和條件狀語從句 中，都可用現(xiàn)在 時態(tài)（一般現(xiàn)在時，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時， 時表示將來時（即主將從現(xiàn)原則，一定要有 現(xiàn)在完成時，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時） 兩個句子）【常見主將從現(xiàn)的標(biāo)志語有if, 3再確定主句為將來時態(tài) as soon as（ 一就）uniess（女口果不 （一般將來時：will，shall+動原 when, before, until （直到才）等從句 將來進(jìn)行時：Will ， 標(biāo)志語】 shall+be+doi ng ，將來元成時： He has a dog. will， shall+h

4、ave done ） I will tell you as soon as he comes here tomorrow. The teacher said the sun is bigger tha n the moon. 動詞時態(tài)之詳解一般現(xiàn)在時 一. 定義: 一般現(xiàn)在時是表示 現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作存在的狀態(tài)或 習(xí)慣性，規(guī)律性，真理 性的動作的時態(tài). 二. 常用標(biāo)志語：（表示頻率性的時間，提問用how often “多久一次”） always,（總是，一直） often,（經(jīng)常） usually,（通常），sometimes （有 時）hardly ever （幾乎不），seldom,（

5、很少，基本沒有），never （從不，絕 不） every day （每天），every week （每周），three times a day （一天三次） on Sundays,(on+ 星期幾 +s ，“每周星期 . ” ) 等。 這些標(biāo)志語決定謂語要用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)， 動詞用原形或者變態(tài)加 s 或者 es 三. 基本的謂語動詞構(gòu)成和句型構(gòu)成及變化 謂語動詞的構(gòu)成分兩種情況： 一) be 動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時 ：am is are 三兄弟 1. am is are 用法口訣：( 是 ， “在”) be 動詞真?zhèn)ゴ?，生?am, is, are 。 我(I)用 am，你(you)用 are ,

6、Is 緊連她(she)他(he)它(it)。 其余單數(shù)用 is ，所有復(fù)數(shù)都用 are 。 2. 含 be 動詞的肯定句變否定句的方法 (否定句標(biāo)志語 not ，一般在 be ，情態(tài)動詞或者助動詞后加 +not ) 否定句 很簡單， not 加在 be 后邊。 1. 含 be 動詞的肯定句變一般疑問句的口訣： (一般疑問句標(biāo)志語就是用 Yes,No 回答的疑問句) 若要變?yōu)?疑問句 ，be 移到 主語前 。 主語變化很簡單： “ 一二互變?nèi)蛔?”， (主語是 I,We 變 you ； you 變 I .we ； my ， our 變 your ； he,she.it 不變。) 句首大寫 莫遲

7、疑， 句末問號 別忘記。 肯定回答用 Yes, 否定回答要用 No 。 構(gòu)成： Be+ 主語 +其他的 +問號？ Can + 主語 +動詞原形 +其他的？ 助動詞 +主語+ 動詞+其他的？ Are you a student? Can you swim? Do you like apples? Does he sing well? 4.特殊疑問句 ：特殊疑問詞 +一般疑問句？回答用：主語 + 動詞+其他的 回答特殊疑問句的方法： where is your mother? ( 1 )先找特殊疑問句中的主語 (位置：在 be ，情態(tài)動詞或者助動詞后面，一般是人或者物體) ( 2 )再找特殊疑問句

8、中的動詞 ( 3 )再找動詞后面的其他成分。 ( 4 )加上答案。 (二) 當(dāng)謂語動詞是行為動詞 的時候： 1.當(dāng) 主語不是第三人稱單數(shù) (非三單)的時候，一般現(xiàn)在時用 行為動詞的原形 ( 1 )肯定句：主語 + 動詞原形 (+ 其它 ) 溫馨提示 1：謂語動詞用 原形，請 do 幫忙 構(gòu)成否定句和疑問句 We (l,You,They ) often play basketball after school. 主語 標(biāo)志語 謂語（動詞原形） 賓語 其他的 （2）否定句：主語+ dont+動詞原形（+其它）。 We don t play basketball after school. 主語 謂

9、語 賓語 其他的 （3）般疑冋句：Do +主語+動詞原形+其它? Do you have a pen? Do +主語 謂語（動詞原形） 賓語？ 肯定回答： Yes, I do. 否定回答： / No, I dont （4）特殊疑問句：疑問詞+以do開頭的一般疑問句? 回答：主語+動詞+其他的+答案。 特殊疑冋詞 一般疑問句 When do they ofte n go to school ? 2.主語是he,she,it和單數(shù)名詞等第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞要變形加 s或es . （溫馨提示 1 :動詞變形要符合兩個條件： 1，主語是三單，2，句子是肯定句 溫馨提示2 :變形的謂語動詞，請does

10、幫忙構(gòu)成否定句和疑問句） （1）肯定句：主語+變形動詞加s或者es+其他的 He swims 他游泳游得非常好。（主語的能力） well. My mother likes apples. 我媽媽喜歡我。 （主語的性格） The boy has some books. 這個男孩有一些書。（主語所有） 否定句：主語 + doesn t +動詞原形 （+其它）。 He doesn t(=does not ) swim 他游泳游得不好。 （主語的能力） well. My mother doesn t(=does not ) 我媽媽不喜歡我。 （主語的性格） like me. The boy doesn

11、 t(=does not ) have any books. 這個男孩沒有一些書。 （主語所有） （3）一般疑問句：Does +主語 +動詞原形 +其它？（用Yes.No回答的句 子） Does he swim well ? 肯定回答：Yes, he does. 否定回答： No, he does nt. Does he swim well? 他游泳游得不好。 （主語的能力） Does your mother like you? 我媽媽不喜歡我。 （主語的性格） Does the boy have any books. 這個男孩沒有一些書。 （主語所有） （4）特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+以doe

12、s+主語+動原+其他的（一般疑問句）？ 回答用肯定句：主語+謂語動詞+其他的。 How does your father go to work? 回答用肯定句回答：My father goes to work by bike. （三） 主語單復(fù)數(shù)形式和謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式在一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)中的對應(yīng)關(guān)系 the boy （名詞單數(shù)） the boys （名詞復(fù)數(shù)） 名 詞 buys （動詞單數(shù)） buy （名詞復(fù)數(shù)） 動 詞 （四） 一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)謂語動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)的變化規(guī)則 1 .第三人稱單數(shù)的動詞變化規(guī)則多數(shù)動詞直接加 s: runs gets plays 2. 結(jié)尾是s, x, sh, ch,

13、 o，前為輔音字母,結(jié)尾加es : cross - crosses mix - mixes wash - washes _ do - does _ teach - teaches _ go - goes _ 3 .動詞末尾以輔音+y結(jié)尾的，將y改為i加es: study （學(xué)習(xí)）stud ies fly （放飛，飛）flies 溫馨提示：元音aeiou +y 不變y,直接加s: buy - buys say - says 4.特殊單詞的第三人稱單數(shù)：havehas 四 初中一般現(xiàn)在時的重要考點： 1. 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性 的動作，常與時間標(biāo)志語連用： eg: We always help each

14、 other. It ofte n snows in win ter. 2表示主語現(xiàn)在的特征、性格、能力等。（能力，心理，擁有都用一般現(xiàn)在時） eg: He loves sports. Jane is an outgoing girl. We want to buy a bike. Tom and Tim both have medium height. The boy has some books. 3. 表示客觀、普遍真理（考點：在賓語從句中，只要是客觀真理，不管主句用 什么時態(tài)，從句都要“堅持真理”用 一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。 The teacher said the sun _is bigger

15、 tha n the moon. ） Two and four makes six. The moon moves round the earth 。 My teacher said that the earth moves around the sun. 4. 表示格言或警句 中。Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必敗。 溫馨提示之重要考點： 5. 主將從現(xiàn)原則。（主將從現(xiàn)原則：主句用一般將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來 ） （1 ）在時間和條件狀語從句 中，都可用現(xiàn)在時表示將來時。 （2）常見主將從現(xiàn)的標(biāo)志語：if, as soon as（ 就），uniess（女口果

16、不），when, before, un til （直到才）等從句標(biāo)志語。 I will tell you as soon as he _ （come ） here tomorrow. I _ （give ） it to him as soon as I see him. 我一看見他就交給他。 Suppose he doesn t agree ，what shall we do ?假如他不同意，那怎么辦 ？ I shall do as I please .我高興怎么做就怎么做。 五.一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的判斷方法: 1.1. 看是否有常態(tài)性，規(guī)律性的時態(tài)標(biāo)志語 定時態(tài) 2.2. 看主語 m是否是第三人稱

17、單數(shù)或者非第三人稱單數(shù) 3.3. 動詞變態(tài) m （1 1 ）當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，（簡稱 三單）謂語要變形加 s s 或者 eses （肯定句） 請 doesdoes 幫忙構(gòu)成否定句和疑問句，動詞打回原形。 （2 2）當(dāng)主語不是第三人稱單數(shù)，（簡稱非三單）謂語動詞不變用原形。 請do幫忙構(gòu)成否定句和疑問句，動詞用原形 一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí) 一、寫出單詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式 read cook use like bring miss watch fin ish fix go teach wash have say play cry match guess study carry 二、完成下列任務(wù)。

18、 （一 ）用所給單詞正確形式填空 1. 在下面的短文中填上恰當(dāng)be動詞。 I _a girl. My n ame _ Mary. I _ in Class 2, Grade 7. I _ 12 years old. Here _ my family photo. Look! These _ my parents and those _ my grandparents. This boy _ my brother. He _ 15 years old now. That _ my cat, Mimi. It _ very lovely. 2. 用 be 動詞的正確形式完成下列句子。 1. I _

19、 a stude nt. 6. You _ stude nts. 2Sh _ a student. 7. We _ _ students. 3. He _ _ a student. 8. You and I _ _ students. 4. It _ _ a country. 9. They _ _ students. 5 You _ a student. 10. Jim and Tom _ in Americ (二 ) 用所給單詞正確形式填空 go have live love take talk 1.I _ in a flat in Beijing. 2.I _ breakfast at

20、7 a.m. 3.I _ to school with my classmate. 4.I _ my cousin Andy very much. 5.I _ to my classmates at lunchtime. 6.I _ my dog for a walk every day. (三) 用所給的人稱改寫句子 1.I take photos on Sunday. ( Mike) 2. We grow beautiful flowers. (she) 3. They like collecting stamps. (Ben) 4.I listen to music carefully.

21、 (my aunt) 5. You like making a model ship. (Helen) 6. We clean the classroom every day. (he) 7. They look after the pandas. (Mr Wang) 8.I draw a tree and some flowers. (Nancy) 9.We go to bed at eight. ( my sister) (四) 用括號里面的單詞的正確形式填空。 1. This is my father. He _ (play) tennis every day. 2. This is m

22、y mother. She _ (not play) tennis on Sundays. 3. These are my grandparents. They _ (like) watching TV. 4. I usually _ (go) running for half an hour at the weekend. 5. My gran dpare nts _ (like) watch ing TV very much. 6. This _ (be) my cat. It _ (love) me. 7. _ (be) your sister a member of the Read

23、ing Club? 8. She ofte n _ (fini sh) her homework at 9:00 in the eve ning. 9. Cats like _ (eat) fish. 10. We_ (not have) a Music less on on Thursdays. 11. His uncle _ (not get) up early on Saturdays. 三、 根據(jù)上下文完成對話。 Millie: Dani el, do you play tennis after school? Daniel: No, I_ _ tennis after school.

24、 Millie: Does Sim on play football after school? Dan iel: Yes, he always_ football after school. Millie: Does Amy walk h ome after school? Daniel; No, she _ _ home after school. Millie: Does she take the bus? Dani el: Yes, she _ the bus every day. Millie: Do you like watching TV? Dan iel: No, I _ _

25、watchi ng TV. 四、 根據(jù)括號單詞完成文章。 Hi , I _ (be) Tom. I am 12 years old. My birthday _ (be) on 8th October. I was born in Changzhou. I _ (have) a little brother. He _(be) 11. He _ (like) readi ng .but he _ (not do) work hard .I _ (be) very tall. My hair is black. I have black eyes and I _ (wear) glasses .

26、I enjoy maths and En glish very much. They _ (be) in terest ing.l love swimmi ngam in the Swimmi ng Club .I _ (not do ) like play ing football. 五、單選 1 Jenny _ in an office. Her pare nts _ in a hospital. A work works B works work C work are worki ng D is worki ng work 2 One of the boys _ a black hat.

27、A have B there is C there are D has 10. David has got a goal. （改為一般疑問句） 3 We will go shopp ing if it _ tomorrow. 4 He said the sun _ in the east and _ in the west. A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets 5 Wang Mei _ music and ofte n _ to music. A like; liste n B likes; liste ns C like;

28、are liste ning 6 Jenny _ En glish every eve ning. A has study B studies C study D studied 六. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換： 1.He often flies a kite in the park.（ 改為否定句）He _often _ a kite in the park. 2.She always misses the early bus in the morni ng. （改為一般疑問句） _ she always _ the early bus in the morning? 3. Her mother usual

29、ly watches TV in the eve ning. （提問） _ _ her mother usually _ in the evening? 4.She walks home after school every day. （主語改為復(fù)數(shù) they ） They _ home after school every day. 提問： 5. Boys like playing computer games.（ 改為否定句） Boys _ playi ng computer games. 6. Do you often play football after school?（ 肯定回答和

30、否定回答） 7. I have many books. （改為否定句） 8. Tom has some books. （改為否定句） 9 . I watch TV every day. （改為一般疑問句）A dont rain B did nt rain C does nt rain D isnt rain D liking ; listen 11. We have four lesso ns. (否定句) 12. Nancy does nt run fast (肯定句) 13. My dog runs fast. 否定句： 一般疑問句： 14. I usually play football

31、 on Friday afternoon. _ 一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的提升練習(xí) 一、用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.1 like _ (swim). 2.He _ (read) En glish every 3. We _ (go)to school at seve n in the morni ng. 4. Mike _ (go)to school at seve n in the morni ng. 5. My mother _ (like) _(go) shopp ing. 6.1 can _ (draw) many beautiful pictures. 7.She _ (make) a model

32、 pla ne. 8. Do you _ (like) _ (run)? 9. Does he _ (like) _ (jump) ? 10. Does Nancy _ (grow)flowers on Saturday ? 11. The teachers _ (like) _ (dan ce). 12. The teacher _ (like) _ (dan ce). 13. The students _ (speak) En glish in class. 14. The student _ (speak) Chin ese after class. 15. Lets _ and pla

33、y football . ( go ) 16. He _ like swim ming . ( not )day. 17. Im sorry _ that . ( hear ) 18. Wang Bing is _ ( write ) an E-mail to his frie nd . 19. He has _ a headache . ( get ) 20. _ you study En glish at school ? Yes , I _ . ( do ) 21. _ your sister study En glish at school ? No , she _ . ( do )

34、22. Im _ better . ( feel ) 23 . I _ (write) to you as soon as I _ (get) to London. 24. He does nt feel well and _ (not eat) any food this morning. 25. He _ ( not see) me come in, for he _ (read) someth ing with great in terest. 26. I _ (let) you _ ( have) the book as soon as I _ (finish) it. 27. Whi

35、le we _ (wait) for our teacher, a little boy _ (run) up to us. 28. Dont make a ni ose. Gran dpa _ (sleep). 29.I ts seve n now, Toms family _ (watch) TV. 30. It _ (take) me two hours to fin ish my homework last ni ght. 31. What _ your mother _ (do) at eight yesterday eve ning? -She _ (wash) clothes.

36、32. _ it _ (rai n) whe n school was over yesterday? 33. What _ you (do) _ tomorrow? - We _ (play) football. 34. There _ (be) a football match on TV this eve ning. 35. They said they _ (visit) the Great Wall the next summer holiday. 36. Who _ (da nee) the best in your class? 37. Will you come if he _

37、 (not come)? 38. The teacher told us the earth _ (move) round the sun. 39 She _ (buy) a sweater yesterday. 40. They _ (have) a party in the garden if it _ (not rain) tomorrow. 41.1 dont know if Mr.Wa ng _ (go) to Shan ghai tomorrow. If he _ (go), I _ (ask) him _ (take) some books to my daughter, bec

38、ause she _ (study) there. 42 . _ your sister _ (know)English? 43 . Her home _ (遠(yuǎn)離 )her school. 44 . The pot _ (not look) like yours very much. 45 .Where _ you _ (have)l unch every day? 46 . Who _ (想要)to go swimming? 47 . _ she _ (do) the housework every day? 48 . Jenny and Danny usually _ (play) gam

39、es in the after noon . 49. He _ (play) football very well. 50 . Danny _ (go) to school at 7:10. 51. _ Jenny _ (has) a good friend? 52. Brian _ ( not live) in Chi na. 53. We _ (not do) our homework in the after noon. 54. Li Mi ng with me _ (be) in Beiji ng.55. If it (not rai n) tomorrow,I will go to

40、the park. 56.0ur teacher said that the earth yesterday. 三、單項選擇: 1. The students will go to the Summer Palace if it to be got to 6. We shall go to Shan ghai on bus in ess before you come 7. Dont smoke un til the pla ne takeA.d ont rain B. does nt rain C. wont rain 2. There an En glish film n ext week

41、. A. will have B. is going to have C. is going to be D. was going A. wil come B. came C. would come D. A.takes B.took C.was taken D.is (go)around the sun tomorrow. 3. The picture n A.looks B.is looked C.look D.is look 4. She dow n and A. live B. lain C. laid D. lay 5. They the office at nine yesterday morni ng. A. reached to