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1、一般過去式及練習(xí)一i、基本概念一般過去時(simple past tense)表示過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài);過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為;過去主語所具備的能力和性格。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)主語+動詞過去式+ 其他否定形式was/were+not;在行為動詞前加didn't ,同時還原行為動詞一般疑問句Did+主語+do+其他例句 She often came to help us in those days.I didn't know youwere so busy.般過去式的構(gòu)成形式肯7E式疑問式否定式疑問否定式I workedDid I work?I did not work

2、Did I not work?He(she,it) workedDid he(she,it) work?He (she,it)did not workDid he(she,it)not work?We workedDid we work?We did not workDid we not work?You workedDid you work?You did not workDid you not work?They workedDid they work?They did not workDid they not work?三、一般過去時的用法1、帶有確定的過去時間狀語時,要用過去時 如:y

3、esterday (昨天)、two days ago(兩天前 )、last year (去年)、the other day (前幾天)、onceupon a time (很久以前)、just now (剛才)、in the old days (過去的日子 里)、before liberation(解放前)、 When I was 8 years old (當(dāng)我八歲時)、at+個時間點(diǎn)Did you have a party the other day前幾天,你們開了晚會了嗎Lei Feng was a good soldier.雷鋒是個好戰(zhàn)士。另外,在談到已死去的人的情況時,多用過去時。2、表

4、示過去連續(xù)發(fā)生的動作時,要用過去時這種情況下,往往沒有表示過去的時間狀語,而通過上下文來表示。The boy opened his eyes for amoment looked at the captain , and then died. 那男孩把眼睛張開了會 兒,看看船長,然后就去世了。3、表示過去一段時間內(nèi)經(jīng)常或反復(fù)的動作,常與 always , never等連用。Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太過去老是帶著一把傘。(只是說明她過去的動作,不表明她現(xiàn)在是否常帶著傘。)比較 Mrs.Peter always carries an umb

5、rella,彼得太太老是帶著傘。(說明這是她的習(xí)慣,表明她現(xiàn)在仍然還習(xí)慣總帶著一把傘)Mrs. Peter is alwayscarrying an umbrella,彼得太太 總是帶著一把傘。(表示說話者對這一動作或行為厭煩)I never drank wine.我以前從不喝酒。(不涉及到現(xiàn)在,不說明現(xiàn)在是否喝酒)4、如果強(qiáng)調(diào)已經(jīng)終止的習(xí)慣時要用used to do (過去常常做,而現(xiàn)在不那樣做了 )He used to drink.他過去喝酒。(意味著他現(xiàn)在不喝酒了。喝酒這個動作終止了) I used to take a walk in the morning.我過去是在早晨散步。(意味著

6、現(xiàn)在不在早晨散步了)比較: I took a walk in the morning.我曾經(jīng)在早晨散過步。(只是說明過去這一動作)5 、有些句子,雖然沒有表示過去確定時間的狀語,但實際上是指過去發(fā)生的動作 或存在的狀態(tài)的話,也要用過去時,這一點(diǎn),我們中國學(xué)生往往出錯,要特別注意! I don't know you were in Paris.我不知道你在巴黎。(因為在說話時,我已經(jīng)知道你在巴黎了。這句話指的是說話之前,所以只能用過去時表示。實際上, 這句話暗指: But now I know you are here. ) I think you were ill.我以為你病了呢。(這

7、句話應(yīng)是在說話之前,我以為你病了。但是現(xiàn)在我知道你沒?。┧?、一般過去時謂語部分的構(gòu)成1 . Be動詞的一般過去時態(tài).在沒有實義動詞的句子中使用 be動詞,am is的過去式為was; are的過去式為 were.構(gòu)成:肯定句:主語+was (were) +表語。如:I was late yesterday.(昨天我遲到了。)否定句:主語+was (were) +not+ 表語。如: We weren't late yesterday.( 我們 昨天沒遲到)疑問句:Was (Were) +主語+表語。如: Were you ill yesterday?(你昨天病了嗎) 肯定回答:Yes,

8、 I was.( 是的,我病了。) 否定句:No, I wasn't.(不,我沒病。)特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+was (were) +主語+表語如:When were youborn?你是什么時候出生的2 .實義動詞的一般過去時態(tài)肯定句要使用動詞的過去式,否定句和疑問句要使用助動詞do和does的過去式did.肯定句為:主語+動詞過去式+賓語。如:I went home at nine o'clock yesterday.(我昨天九點(diǎn)鐘回的家。)否定句:主語+didn't + 動詞原形+賓語。如:I didn't go home yesterday.( 我 昨天

9、沒回家。)疑問句:Did +主語+動詞原形+賓語。如:Did you go home yesterday?( 你昨 天回家了嗎)肯定回答:Yes, I did.( 是的,我回了。)否定回答:No, Ididn't.( 不,我沒回家。)3 .助動詞和情態(tài)動詞過去式如下:shall should (將要)用于第一人稱單數(shù);will would (將要)用于所有人稱;cancould (能, 會) maymight (可以) must must (必須); have to had to (不得不);助動詞和情態(tài)動詞的過去時態(tài)要使用他們的過去式,后面的動詞 還使用原形。 如:I had to

10、do my homework yesterday.(昨天我不得不做作業(yè)。)一般過去時最明顯的現(xiàn)象就是常由表達(dá)過去之時間的副詞或副詞短語來修飾它 (如各例句的斜體字部分)。這些常用于修飾一般過去時的副詞有 :yesterday, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening ) , just now(岡U才),before(以前),then (atthat time ) (當(dāng)時),last + 時間 (如 last week, month, year, Monday, January, spring, ,etc. ) , that + 時間 (如 that day,

11、 afternoon, summer,,etc. ), 時間 + ago (如 a few minutes ago, two weeks ago , years ago, etc.)另外:“過去”的概念并不是只指如ayesterday, last week, ”等,實際上”與現(xiàn)在對立的過去”,亦即“非現(xiàn)在的以前",哪怕是“過了說話時間的幾分鐘 之前”,只要所要表達(dá)的時間與說話時的“現(xiàn)在”形成對立,就必須使用一般過去時 來表達(dá)。例如:He was here only a few minutes ago.(僅僅幾分鐘前他還在這里。) I came home just now.(我剛回至U

12、家。)五、特殊疑問句:疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形如: What did Jim do yesterday?疑問詞當(dāng)主語時:疑問詞+動詞過去式如:Who went to home yesterday?六、動詞過去式變化規(guī)則:1 . 一般在動詞末尾加-ed ,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked2 .結(jié)尾是 e 力口 d,如:taste-tasted3 .末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再 力口-ed ,如:stop-stopped4 .以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾白變y為i ,再加-ed,如:study-studied5 .不規(guī)則動詞過去式(詳

13、見書本)一般過去時練習(xí)一、寫出下列動詞(??紗卧~)的過去式isam?fly?plant?are?drinkplay?go?make does?danceworry?ask?taste?eat drawput?throw kick?pass?do二、用be動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. I an English teacher now.2. She happy yesterday.3. They glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy good friends.5. The little dog two years old this y

14、ear.6. Look, there lots of grapes here.7. There a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today the second of June. Yesterday the first of June. ItChildren ' s Day. All the students very excited.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句:一般疑問句:肯定回答:否定回答:2 They played football in the playgr

15、ound.否定句:一般疑問句:肯定回答:否定回答:三、用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. I(watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father(read) a newspaper last night.3. We to zoo yesterday, we(go) to the park.4. you(visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. he(fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he.6. Gao Shan(pull) up carrots last National Day holida

16、y.7. I(sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother.8. "What she(find) in the garden last morning?”“ She(find) a beautiful butterfly.”9. It(be) Ben ' s birthday last Friday10. 10. We all(have) a good time last night.11. He(jump) high on last Sports Day.12. She likes newspapers, but she a book

17、yesterday. (read)13. He football now, but they basketball just now. (play)14. Jim ' s mother(plant) trees just now.15. "they(sweep) the floor on Sunday? ”No, they16. I(watch) a cartoon on Monday.17. We(go) to school on Sunday.18. It(be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White(go) to his off

18、ice by car.20. Gao Shan(put) the book on his head a moment ago.21. Don ' t the house. Mum it yesterday. (clean)22. What you just now? I some housework. (do)23. They(make) a kite a week ago.24. I want to apples. But my dad all of them last month.(pick)25. “he the flowers this morning? "“Yes, he. (water) ”26. She(be) a pretty girl. Look, she(do) Chinese dances.27. The students often(draw) some pictures in the art room. 四、句型

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