湖北南漳縣2016高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解和單項(xiàng)選擇選練(12)答案

1、閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文, 從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng) (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng)。The Renaissance，considered by modern scholars to have been the time between 1,300 and 1,600，was a period of European history when many new inventions and beliefs came into being.The Renaissance is traced back to rich Italian cities such as Florence，Milan，and

2、Venice.In these cities businessmen started to spend their extra money on things like painting and education，and to consider new techniques of banking and systems of government.A new type of scholar，the humanist(人文主義者)arose.Humanism was concerned with humankind and culture.Latin and Greek，literature

3、and philosophy，music and mathematics were among the subjects humanists studied.The Renaissance gave rise to new forms of painting and sculpture.During the Renaissance，artists were no longer regarded as mere artisans(工匠)Many artists drew on mathematics in order to become more accurate in their measur

4、ements(度量)and to make sure an object was presented in realistic proportions.They also studied the way light hits objects and the ways our eyes perceive it.A new kind of paint，called oil paint，was invented.The Renaissance affected all of the society.Many people became interested in politics，and the w

5、orld outside their towns.They became explorers，businessmen，etc.The effect on religion was especially strong.In the Middle Ages people were primarily concerned with serving the church and getting to heaven.But the increase in arts and education gave people things to look forward to in life，and made t

6、hem lose interest in the church.The Renaissance produced many great minds.Leonardo da Vinci was one of the greatest，although he was not regarded that way at the time.Among his many works of art were Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.He is also regarded as a great inventor，and is credited for coming up w

7、ith the idea of the helicopter.1. According to the second paragraph，the Renaissance_.Aoccurred all over EuropeBstarted in ItalyCinfluenced art，finance，and physical educationDwas the most popular in Florence答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“The Renaissance is traced back to rich Italian cities such as Florence，Milan

8、 and Venice.”可知，文藝復(fù)興運(yùn)動(dòng)始于意大利，所以正確答案為B項(xiàng)。2Which of the followings took place during the Renaissance?APeople stopped going to church.BNew forms of painting emerged.COil paint became very popular.DThe humanists disappeared.答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“The Renaissance gave rise to new forms of painting and sculpture

9、.”及“A new kind of paint，called oil paint，was invented.”可知，油畫(huà)這種新的繪畫(huà)形式在文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期出現(xiàn)了，所以正確答案為B項(xiàng)。3We can learn from the passage that_.Aduring the Renaissance many explorers and map­makers appearedBbusinessmen started the RenaissanceC people's interest in education declinedDthe humanists took power

10、during the Renaissance答案：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段及第四段的“Many peopole became interested in politics，and the world outside their towns.They became explorers，businessmen，etc.”可知，在文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期出現(xiàn)了許多探險(xiǎn)家、商人和制圖師，所以正確答案為A項(xiàng)。4Which of the following statements about Leonardo da Vinci is NOT true?AHe created The Last Supper.BHe wa

11、s a great inventor.CHe was the first to imagine the helicopter.DMany people of his time considered him a genius.答案：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的“Leonardo da Vinci was one of the greatest，although he was not regarded that way at the time.”可知，萊奧納多·達(dá)·芬奇在他所生活的時(shí)代并沒(méi)有被認(rèn)為是天才，所以正確答案為D項(xiàng)。5What does the author mai

12、nly talk about in this passage?AThe Renaissance in Europe.BThe birthplace of the Renaissance.CThe effects of the Renaissance.DSome famous artists in Europe.答案：C主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了文藝復(fù)興給整個(gè)社會(huì)所帶來(lái)的影響，以及這個(gè)時(shí)期社會(huì)上所出現(xiàn)的新現(xiàn)象。閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。We already know the fastest, least expensive way to slow

13、climate change:Use less energy. With a little effort, and not much money, most of us could reduce our energy diets by 25 percent or moredoing the Earth a favor while also helping our wallets. Not long ago, my wife, PJ, and I tried a new dietnot to lose a little weight but to answer an annoying quest

14、ion about climate change. Scientists have reported recently that the world is heating up even faster than predicted only a few years ago, and that the consequences could be severe if we dont keep reducing emissions(排放) of carbon dioxide(CO2) and other greenhouse gases that are trapping heat in our a

15、tmosphere. We decided to try an experiment. For one month we recorded our personal emissions of CO2. We wanted to see how much we could cut back, so we went on a strict diet. The average US household(家庭) produces about 150 pounds of CO2 a day by doing common-place things like turning on air-conditio

16、ning or driving cars. Thats more than twice the European average and almost five times the global average, mostly because Americans drive more and have bigger houses. But how much should we try to reduce? For an answer, I checked with Tim Flannery, author of The Weather Makers: How Man Is Changing t

17、he Climate and What It Means for Life on Earth. In his book, he had challenged readers to make deep cuts in personal emissions to keep the world from reaching extremely important tipping points, such as the melting(融化) of the ice sheets in Greenland or West Antarctica. “To stay below that point, we

18、need to reduce CO2 emissions by 80 percent, “ he said. Good advice, I thought. Id opened our bedroom windows to let in the wind. Wed gotten so used to keeping our air-conditioning going around the clock. Id almost forgotten the windows even opened. We should not let this happen again. Its time for u

19、s to change our habits if necessary. 1. Why did the author and his wife try a new diet? A. To take special kinds of food. B. To respond to climate change. C. To lose weight. D. To improve their health. 2. The underlined words “tipping points” most probably refer to “”.A. freezing pointsB. burning po

20、intsC. melting pointsD. boiling points3. It can be inferred from the passage that.A. it is necessary to keep the air-conditioning on all the timeB. it seems possible for every household to cut emissions of CO2C. the average US household produces about 3, 000 pounds of CO2 a monthD. the average Europ

21、ean household produces about 1, 000 pounds of CO2 a month4. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A. Saving Energy Starts at HomeB. Changing Our Habits Begins at WorkC. Changing Climate Sounds ReasonableD. Reducing Emissions of CO2 Proves Difficult【參考答案】1-4 BCBA 閱讀下列短文，從每題

22、所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Across the planet there are millions of people who engage in some type of meditation, the practice of concentrating and clearing the mind to bring the body into a state of peace, at least a semi-regular basis. For some, particularly among practitioners of Eastern religions s

23、uch as Buddhism and Hinduism, this is part and parcel of their religious practice. For others, particularly in Western cultures, meditation tends to be a response to stress. With the world economy approaching meltdown and people worried about their job or their ability to keep their home, its a way

24、for people to attain a state of peace of mind and well-being. For those interested in taking up the practice, instruction in meditation for beginners can be found in literally thousands of sources. ww w.x kb1.c omOne of the most popular styles of mediation in the West, with classes offered in most m

25、ajor cities, is called Transcendental Meditation. TM, as it is known among its practitioners, first came to worldwide attention when the Beatles began practicing it in 1967. For direct, guided, personal instruction in meditation for the beginner, TM may be the hallmark. Part of the confusion about h

26、ow to practice meditation effectively is due to the fact that there are literally hundreds of techniques championed by various groups and individuals. As a general principle, it might be said that all meditation techniques seek to have the practitioner attain a state of consciousness that is differe

27、nt to our ordinary state of awareness. They attempt to train people to clear their minds and achieve a sense of inner peace. It sounds simple enough, but of the huge number of people experiment with meditation, very few are able to maintain its practice over the long haul. In most cases, this is due

28、 to frustration over the inability to experience any dramatic, instantly recognizable effects. This is quite a sad state of affairs, that so few these days are willing or equipped to persist in something that doesnt provide immediate life-changing results. It reflects a culture in which demands for

29、discipline and sustained effort are considered unnecessary or even unfair. It is no surprise therefore that many people abandon their efforts at meditation before they have a chance to bear fruit. But for anyone who does decide to take up this worthwhile practice, please remember. You must clear you

30、r mind, relax and “take it as it comes”. Maintain the practice with a sense of discipline and devotion, and eventually benefits of inner peace and calm will be yours. 41. The underlined part “part and parcel of” in paragraph 1 is nearest in meaning to _. A. closely associated with   B. ver

31、y different to C. usually sent from    D. an important element of 【答案】D【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。因?yàn)橼は胧亲诮叹毩?xí)的一個(gè)重要元素。故選D。42. The goal of meditation is _. A. to clear the mind   B. to practice a religion C. to develop a technique  D. to carry out an experiment 【答案】A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由“meditation,

32、the practice of concentrating and clearing the mind to bring the body into a state of peace,”可知選A。43. What can we infer about meditation from the passage? A. It has two main types. B. It is practiced by many famous artists. C. Its benefits are not immediately obvious. D. Most people find it a very g

33、ood way to relax.  【答案】C【解析】推理判斷題。由“very few are able to maintain its practice over the long haul. In most cases, this is due to frustration over the inability to experience any dramatic, instantly recognizable effects. ”可知冥想的益處不是直接顯著的。故選C。44. According to the writer, what has attracted many We

34、stern people to meditation practices in recent years? A. Their improved understanding of foreign culture. B. The need to fill in their growing free time. C. Increasing employment instability. D. Migration from countries in which meditation is traditional. 【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段“particularly in Western

35、cultures, meditation tends to be a response to stress. With the world economy approaching meltdown and people worried about their job or their ability to keep their home,”可知，是職業(yè)不穩(wěn)定性的日益增加，使冥想練習(xí)吸引了西方人。故選C。45. Who is the probable audience for this article? A. Experienced meditation practitioners. B. Pe

36、ople interested in starting to learn meditation. C. Buddhists and Hindus. D. People who are very religious. 【答案】B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由“But for anyone who does decide to take up this worthwhile practice, please remember. You must clear your mind, relax and “take it as it comes”.”可知，這篇文章的讀者是那些對(duì)開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)冥想感性趣的人。故選B。2

37、015高考英語(yǔ)（附解析答案）.單項(xiàng)填空1Those who suffer from headache will find they get_ from this medicine.AreliefBsafetyCdefense Dshelter解析 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那些頭痛患者會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們會(huì)通過(guò)這種藥減輕疼痛。relief緩解，減輕；safety安全；defense保護(hù)；shelter庇護(hù)。答案 A2This special school accepts all disabled students，_educational level and background.Aaccording t

38、o Bregardless ofCin addition to Din terms of解析 選項(xiàng)A意為“根據(jù)”；選項(xiàng)B意為“不顧；拋開(kāi)不說(shuō)”；選項(xiàng)C意為“除之外(還有)”；選項(xiàng)D意為“就來(lái)說(shuō)”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境知道，選項(xiàng)B合適。答案 B3As there is less and less coal and oil，scientists are exploring new ways of making use of_ energy，such as sunlight，wind and water for power and fuel.Aprimary BalternativeCinstant Duniq

39、ue解析 考查形容詞詞義辨析。語(yǔ)意表示“煤炭與石油”之外的可供替代的能源如陽(yáng)光、風(fēng)和水，alternative表示“供替代的；兩者擇一的”。答案 B4Look at the trouble I am in！If only I _your advice.Afollowed Bwould followChad followed Dshould follow解析 if only表示“如果就好了”，表示與事實(shí)相反，條件意味強(qiáng)烈，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。此句表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，須選用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。答案 C5_ that you are chosen to be monitor of our class，wha

40、t will you do?AAssumed BTo assumeCAssuming DTo be assumed解析 根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知前半部分為狀語(yǔ)，assuming that表示“假設(shè)”。答案 C6Im afraid I have no _ but to ask you to leave school.A substitute BalternativeCopportunity Dobjective解析 alternative在此處是名詞“可能的選擇”。句意：恐怕我別無(wú)選擇，只有讓你離開(kāi)學(xué)校。答案 B7The bell _ the end of the period rang _ our h

41、eated discussion.Aindicating；interrupting Bindicated；interruptingCindicating；interrupted Dindicated；interrupted解析 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法。句中謂語(yǔ)為rang；indicating作定語(yǔ)修飾bell；interrupting是現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。答案 A8A society was set up to _the endangered animal and plant life from dying out in this area.Areserve BpreserveCobserve Dde