主謂一致精講

1、主謂一致精講主謂一致是歷年來(lái)命題的熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題，這部分知識(shí)在以往的教學(xué)中講法過(guò)于死 板，造成學(xué)生雖然容易理解但是不容易記憶， 老師在講解這部分知識(shí)時(shí)采用了一 種獨(dú)特的視角來(lái)進(jìn)行講解。其中有許多編輯的口訣，學(xué)生可以學(xué)習(xí)這種巧計(jì)知識(shí) 的思維和習(xí)慣，便于自己日后學(xué)習(xí)和深造。一詞作為主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致（一）名詞1。單數(shù)名詞（1）兩重性（整體抽象概念用單數(shù)，指代成員時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)形式）如;family,compa ny ,party,governmen t,orga ni zatio n, army public class crowd crew union team pers onnel staff巧記憶：成家立

2、業(yè) 建黨（搞分裂）政府組織軍隊(duì)公開(kāi)（去鎮(zhèn)壓）各階級(jí)群眾觀眾聯(lián)合各小組單位職員（去支持）（2）兩必須：A:必須用單 machinery fruit clothing luggage furniture equipment jewelry traffic 巧記憶：一個(gè)離異女子把衣服水果珠寶放到行李里，塞到家俱里，通過(guò)機(jī)械 設(shè)備交通工具運(yùn)走，過(guò)單身生活。B必須用復(fù)：folk youth people police cattle poultry militia巧記憶老百姓說(shuō)年輕人民警察軍士不好，是家禽又是家畜2復(fù)數(shù)名詞（1）人為孤單,自然恢復(fù)。Roots,Arabian Nights,Rocky Mo

3、untains,The philppnes（2）學(xué)科簡(jiǎn)單，內(nèi)容復(fù)雜。表示學(xué)科和某些疾病名稱的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)形式，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)候謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式 econo mics,electr oni cs,politics physics,statistics Lin guistics is a branch of study on huma n Ian guage（3）奧運(yùn)會(huì)內(nèi)容繁復(fù)，包括商品作品和衣物。（二）:代詞不定代詞巧記憶：不定代詞易傳染，單身組合多用單，（三）：名詞化的形容詞：巧記憶：具有兩重性，整體為單，復(fù)數(shù)員二短語(yǔ)（一）數(shù)量詞短語(yǔ)巧記憶：重金買單，時(shí)空長(zhǎng)價(jià)（二）名詞或代詞加介詞短語(yǔ)插入無(wú)效原則；

4、 （together/along） with, such as, accompanied by, as well as, no less tha n, except, besides, comb ined with, in additi on to , in cludi ng, like等等附加成分，謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)不受附加成分的影響仍然與主語(yǔ)保持一致（三）and類短語(yǔ)1： 一加等于二的原則2:兼指為單，雙指為復(fù)law and order法制soap and water 肥皂水a(chǎn) cup and saucer 茶杯碟子 fork and knife 刀叉the needle and thread 針線

5、trial and error反復(fù)嘗試，不斷摸索horse and carriage 馬車time and tide 歲月bread and butter奶油面包the ebb and flow盛衰，潮漲潮落女口：If law and ordernot preserved, n either the citize n nor his property is safe.A. is B. are C. was d. were（四）of類1:種屬程度分前后，程度；a lot of /lots of; plenty of/heaps of; half of; two-third （three-four

6、th ）of; eighty（ten, twenty ）percent; part of; rest of ; none of the greater part of a large proportion of 50% of one third of plenty of the rest of 謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)與 of后面的名詞一致種屬；a ki nd of,this ki nd of,ma ny kin ds of 名詞加 of this ki nd 以及由 type ,sort, form,part,piece,section等構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該與of前面的一致（五）動(dòng)詞不定式，動(dòng)名詞

7、短語(yǔ)兼單雙復(fù)動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)、不定式短語(yǔ)、名詞性從句做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。如：Buying clothes is often a time-cconsuming job because those clothes that a person likes are rarely the cones that fit him or her.三句子（一）名詞性從句what類系表結(jié)構(gòu)要看后（二）定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句看先行關(guān)系代詞做主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)要與先行詞一致。如：Despite much research, there are still certa in eleme nts in the life c

8、ycle of the in sect that are not fully un derstood.There are many valuable services which the public are willi ng to pay for, but which do not bring a retur n in money to the com muni ty.（三）強(qiáng)調(diào)句。此處最好記下。（四）倒裝句。在倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與后面的第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)一致Blocking the open-sided porch, framed by the enveloping fog, stands a

9、tall grave-faced policeman. Just outside the ruins is a magnificent build ing surro un ded by tall trees.Although a great number of houses in that area are still in need of repair, there has been improvement in the facility四其它(一)巧記憶：剛正不阿才孤單 其他情況都用復(fù)A large amounts of +不可數(shù)名詞 ：?jiǎn)巍arge amounts of+不可數(shù)名詞

10、：復(fù)。a large quantity of+ 不可數(shù)名詞 ： 單。a large quantity of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞： 復(fù)。large quantities of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞：復(fù)。a good/great deabf+不可數(shù)名詞：?jiǎn)?。這種情況下，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)取決于最靠近該動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)，存在這種情況的主要由以下幾種可能：1) 由連詞 eitheror;neither nor ;whether or;not only but (also) ;or 等連接的并 列主語(yǔ)Neither money nor fame has in flue nce on meNot only you but also he is wrong（二）某些固定結(jié)構(gòu)中主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)的數(shù): 第一組：a great ma ny +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)a number of +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)the majority of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)第二組；the number of +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)