高二英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法：省略

1、Unit5 GrammarEllipsis省 略在英語(yǔ)中，為了使語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)潔或避免重復(fù)，省略句中的一個(gè)或幾個(gè)句子成分，這種語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象稱為省略?！菊Z(yǔ)境展示】閱讀下面幾組句子，注意并歸納其中省略的用法。1. a. (You) Have a pleasant journey.b. (Has) Everybody gone?c. (You) Show me your essay please.I'll show you (my essay) later.d. (He is) A nice man, isn't he?e. George isn't coming.Why (i

2、sn't he coming)?2. a. I work in a factory and my sister (works) on a farm.b. She can't speak French and I can't (speak French) either.3. a. The letter (that / which) I received from him yesterday is very important.b. The man (that / who / whom) I saw just now is called Smith.4. a. When (

3、he was) rescued, he was almost dead.b. If (you are) in doubt, you can ask at your local library.c. Although (he is) still young, he is going very grey.d. Ring me at home if (it is) necessary.5. a. I don't believe (that) he ever said such a thing.  b. The passengers were told (that) the

4、ir plane was about to take off and that they should fasten their seatbelts.【自我歸納】一、簡(jiǎn)單句中的省略             在簡(jiǎn)單句中，可省略主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)的一部分、賓語(yǔ)等，有時(shí)甚至同時(shí)省略若干成分（第1組例句）。二、并列句中的省略             

5、;在并列句中，如果后面的分句與前面的分句中有相同的成分，則該成分常被省略，以避免重復(fù)（第2組例句）。三、復(fù)合句中的省略             定語(yǔ)從句中的省略限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，可省略在從句中作_的關(guān)系代詞that, which, whom, who（第3組例句）。狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略在狀語(yǔ)從句中，如從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)一致，謂語(yǔ)中又包含動(dòng)詞be時(shí)，可以省略主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞be；狀語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)的代詞it以及動(dòng)詞be也可以省略（第4組例句）。賓語(yǔ)從句中的省略在賓語(yǔ)從句中，連

6、詞that一般可以省略；但賓語(yǔ)從句中包含that引導(dǎo)的兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，通常只有第_個(gè)that可以省略（第5組例句）?！咀⒁狻慨?dāng)先行詞為the way時(shí)，從句可用that或in which引導(dǎo)，that或in which也常被省略。如：I love to watch the way (that / in which) she plays with the children.關(guān)系代詞作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，且介詞置于關(guān)系代詞之前時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞不可省略。如：The friend with whom I was traveling spoke Spanish.有時(shí)可用so或not代替上文的內(nèi)容，

7、這并不構(gòu)成省略，但也起到省略的作用。如：Will we get paid this week?      I certainly hope so! (I certainly hope we will get paid this week!)I think I can fix it tomorrow. If not (If I can't fix it tomorrow), you'll have to wait till Friday.【拓展】動(dòng)詞不定式中為了避免重復(fù)，常省去前文出現(xiàn)過(guò)的相同部分，只保留不定式符號(hào)to；

8、但如果不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中含有be, have, have been時(shí)，這些詞也要保留。如：You can drive today if you want to (drive).Are you a teacher now?No, but I used to be (a teacher).【即學(xué)即練】將下面句子改寫為省略句。1. George will take the course and Bob might take the course too._2. While he was in college, he was an excellent athlete._3. She couldn't believe that it was all happening again._4. I met a man whom I used to work with._5. I'd like to do it but I don't know how to do it._答案【自我歸納】賓語(yǔ)；一【即學(xué)即練】1. George will take the course and Bob might too.2. While in college, he was an excellent athlete.3.