高考英語語法備考：介詞考點(diǎn)（典型陷阱+分析+練習(xí)）

1、介詞考點(diǎn)典型陷阱題分析1. “You went late _ the stadium yesterday evening, didnt you? “Yes, my wife was a little late _ the supper.A. to, withB. for, withC. for, forD. at, for【陷阱】容易誤選 B 或D?！痉治觥看鸢笐?yīng)選 A。第一空填to 比擬好理解，因?yàn)榇颂幍膌ate為副詞，用以修飾 go to the stadium 中的動(dòng)詞go；而第二句的 with 那么是許多同學(xué)不容易想到的，相反，更多地可能是想到 for，現(xiàn)將兩者區(qū)別如下：be late

2、 for表示做某事遲到，而be late with 表示做某事做晚了(=be late in doing sth)。比擬：We were late for dinner. 我們吃飯遲到了。We were late with dinner =in having dinner. 我們吃飯吃得遲。句中 my wife was a little late with the supper 的意思是“我妻子準(zhǔn)備晚飯稍遲了一點(diǎn)。2. We were all worried over _ you were sick.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. the fact that【陷阱】容易誤選

3、A 或 B?！痉治觥看鸢笐?yīng)選 D。按英語習(xí)慣，除except, but 等極個(gè)別介詞外，英語介詞后通常不能直接跟 that 從句作賓語。遇此情況，通常是在 that 從句前加上 the fact，此時(shí) the fact 用作介詞賓語，而其后 that 從句那么用作 the fact 的同位語。請(qǐng)看類似試題答案選均D：(1) They knew nothing about _ he was a thief.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. the fact that(2) She must face up to _ she is no longer young.A. thatB.

4、 whichC. whatD. the fact that(3) What he said at the meeting referred to _ he was interested in the project.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. the fact that(4) Their belief is proved by the fact that the death penalty prevents murder.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. the fact that(5) The writer is not satisfied with _

5、 buses are too crowded.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. the fact that3. Sometimes our opinions differ _ what we choose to observe and how we deal with what weve observedA. whichB. sinceC. becauseD. because of【陷阱】容易誤選C。因?yàn)榘从⒄Z語法習(xí)慣，because是連詞，其后接句子；而because of是復(fù)合介詞，其后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞等?！痉治觥看祟}答案選D。because 作為附屬連詞，主要用于引導(dǎo)

6、原因狀語從句，既然是引導(dǎo)一個(gè)從句，也就是說它的后面不能再連用“引導(dǎo)詞。如：He was angry because we were late. 他很生氣因?yàn)槲覀冞t到了。They cant have gone out because the light is on. 他們不可能出去了，因?yàn)闊暨€亮著。Bread is cheap in this supermarket because they bake it themselves.這家超市的面包是自制的，所以廉價(jià)。假假設(shè)，一個(gè)從句已經(jīng)有了自己的“引導(dǎo)詞，那么它前面就不宜再用 because 這個(gè)連詞了。如：She got angry becaus

7、e of what you said. 她哭是因?yàn)槟阏f的話。句中的 what 相當(dāng)于 the thing that，也就是說 what you said 相當(dāng)于 the thing that you said。其中 the thing 用作 because of 的賓語，而that you said 為修飾 the thing 的定語從句。He lost his job because of how he treated his boss. 他因?yàn)閷?duì)老板的態(tài)度(不好)而丟了工作。句中的 how 相當(dāng)于 the way in which，也就是說 how he treated his boss相

8、當(dāng)于 the way in which he treated his boss。其中 the way 用作 because of 的賓語，而in which he treated his boss 為修飾 the way 的定語從句。4. “How long have you been an actor? “_ 1995, when I graduated from college.A. AfterB. InC. FromD. Since【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選?！痉治觥孔钫_答案為D。假設(shè)僅從答句來看，四個(gè)答案都說得過去。但假設(shè)結(jié)合問句的語境以答案應(yīng)選D，因?yàn)槠溆嗳x項(xiàng)填入空格均不能答

9、復(fù)問句所提出的問題。比擬：“When did you became an actor? “_ 1995, when I graduated from college.A. AfterB. InC. FromD. Since此題選B，因?yàn)閱柧鋯柕氖莣hen(何時(shí))，所以用 in 1995 來答復(fù)便順理成章。請(qǐng)?jiān)倏磧深}：(1) “How long have you worked on the farm? “_ the end of last year.A. InB. ByC. AtD. Since答案選D，用 since the end of last year 答復(fù) how long，即問句問“

10、工作了多久，答句說“自去年年底至今。(2) “How long will you work on the farm? “_ the end of next year.A. InB. ByC. AtD. Since答案選B，問句問“將工作多久，答句說“工作明年明底。(3) “When did you leave the farm? “_ the end of last year.A. InB. ByC. AtD. Since答案選C，問句問“何時(shí)離開，答句說“去年明底離開。5. Dont be angry _ me for not having written. I was really too

11、 busy.A. aboutB. withC. toD. for【陷阱】容易誤選B。根據(jù)漢語的“對(duì)某人生氣，將其中的“對(duì)直譯為to?！痉治觥孔钫_答案為 B。按英語習(xí)慣，要表示對(duì)某人生氣，通常用 be angry with at sb，要表示對(duì)某事生氣，通常用 be angry at about sth(在美國英語中也用 be angry with sth，但不說 be angry with sb)。比擬以下表達(dá)，其中的“對(duì)也不用to來翻譯：你對(duì)這些安排感到滿意嗎?誤：Did you feel satisfied to the arrangements? 正：Did you feel sati

12、sfied with the arrangements?老師應(yīng)該對(duì)他的學(xué)生嚴(yán)格要求。誤：Teachers should be strict to their students.正：Teachers should be strict withtheir students.6. In those days, we had no phones, so we have to keep in touch _ writing often.A. withB. ofC. onD. by【陷阱】容易誤選A。根據(jù) keep in touch with (與保持聯(lián)系)這一常用搭配推出?！痉治觥空_答案是D。by 在

13、這里表示方式，by writing 意為“通過寫信，全句意為“我們通過經(jīng)常寫信保持聯(lián)系。請(qǐng)?jiān)倏磶桌?均與介詞搭配有關(guān))：(1) Weve talked a lot _ films. How _ television now?A. of, withB. with, towardsC. about, aboutD. for, about此題不要受 a lot of的影響而誤選A。假設(shè)第一空選 of，a lot of cars 即為動(dòng)詞 talk 的賓語，但實(shí)際上動(dòng)詞 talk 是不及物動(dòng)詞，不能后接賓語。最正確答案應(yīng)是C，句中的a lot是修飾動(dòng)詞 talked 的狀語，talk about才是一

14、個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語。 全句意為“我們對(duì)電影已談了不少，現(xiàn)在談?wù)勲娨曉趺礃? What about意為“怎么樣，用于征求意見。(2) We all regarded the poor old man _sympathy.A. asB. withC. ofD. by有的同學(xué)一看到句中的 regard 和選項(xiàng)中的 as，馬上就聯(lián)想到 regard as (把當(dāng)作)這一搭配，從而斷定此題應(yīng)選A。但是錯(cuò)了，原因是將此搭配套入原句，句子意思不通。正確答案是B，句意為“我們大家都很同情這位老人。精編陷阱題訓(xùn)練1. So far, several ships have been reported missing _

15、the coast of Bermuda Island.A. offB. alongC. onD. around2. “How long have you stayed in this hotel? “Not long, just _ this Monday.A. onB. sinceC. untilD. after3. The lift in that tall building went wrong and got trapped _ floors. People in it had no way to get out.A. in B. betweenC. among D. on 4. “

16、What a terrible rain we are having! “Yes. We are asked to pay more attention to the information about the rain _ flood.A. as well asB. so long asC. because ofD. in case of5. _ their inexperience, theyve done a good job. A. GivenB. SupposedC. ConsideredD. Concluded6. They promise that the work would

17、all be finished _ next week. A. untilB. inC. byD. to7. _ reading the letter, what has he done?A. Because ofB. ExceptC. BesidesD. But for8. “How did the robber get in? “_ an open window on the first floor.A. PastB. FromC. OverD. Through9. She knew nothing about his journey _ he was likely to be away

18、for three months. A. ExceptB. except forC. except thatD. in addition 9. 選 C。在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有except that 后可接句子。10. He usually goes to work by bike _ it rains.A .exceptB. except whenC. except forD. except that11. I found the island a wonderful place for our experiments _ the hot weather.A. besidesB. except f

19、orC. exceptD. except that12. _ the weather, we had a pleasant time.A. ExceptB. Except forC. ButD. Besides13. He always did well at school _ having to do part-time jobs every now and then. A. in spite ofB. instead ofC. in case ofD. in favor of14. As it was almost time for the flight, all the passenge

20、rs got _ the plane.A. aroundB. abroadC. aboardD. ahead【答案與解析】1. 選A。off 用作介詞時(shí)可表示距離，此時(shí)尤其用于指距離某一大路或靠近某海面。又如：Our house is about 20 meters off the main road. 我們家離大路大約有20米遠(yuǎn)。The ship anchored a mile off the coast. 輪船拋錨停泊在離海岸1英里的地方。2. 選B。此答句為省略句，補(bǔ)充完整為：Ive stayed in this hotel since this Monday.3. 選 B。betwee

21、n floors 指在兩層樓之間。類例地，以下各例也選between：Dont eat anything _ meals if you want to lose weight.4. 選D。復(fù)合介詞in case of有兩個(gè)意思，一是表示條件，意為“如果；二是表示目的，意為“以防。如：In case of fire, call 119. 萬一失火，就打119 。Take an umbrella with you in case of rain. 帶把雨傘，以防下雨。5. 選A，given 在此用作介詞，意為“考慮到。又如：Given the low price, I decided to buy it. 考慮到價(jià)格很低，我決定把它買下。6. 選C，by 意為“最遲到之前，到的時(shí)候已經(jīng)。類例地，下面一題也選by：The train leaves at 6:00 p.m. So I have to be at the station _5:40 p.m. at the latest.A. unti