考研英語(yǔ)(一)2016真題及答案詳細(xì)解析(跨考教育文字版)

1、 Born To Win2016考研英語(yǔ)（一）真題及答案詳細(xì)解析（跨考教育文字版）Section 1 Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one

2、for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, _1_those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can _2_ a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to _3_the marriage negotiations, or the young mans parents

3、 may take the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. _4_, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. _5_ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying _6_ a good family.The traditional wedding i

4、s a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, _7_1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and _8_

5、60;prayers of blessing. Par-ts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting,_9_cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride's and groom's wrists, and _10_a candle

6、60;around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless  the _11_.  Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife's parents and may_12_ with them up to&#

7、160;a year, _13_they can build a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to _14_, but not common. Divorced persons are _15_ with some disapproval. Each spouse retains _16_ property he or she _17_ into the marriage, an

8、d jointly-acquired property is _18_ equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice _19_up. The divorced male doesn't have a waiting period before he can remarry _20_the woman must wait ten months. 1. A. by way of  B. with 

9、;regard to  C. on behalf of  D. as well as2. A. decide on  B. provide for C. compete with D. adapt to3. A. close  B. arrange C. renew D. postpone4. A. In theory B. Above&

10、#160;all C. In time D. For example5. A. Unless B. Less C. After D. Although6. A. into B. within C. from D. through7. A. or B. since C. but D. so8. A. test B. copy C. recite D. create9. A. folding

11、 B. piling C. wrapping D. tying10. A. passing B. lighting C. hiding D. serving11. A. association B. meeting C. collection D. union12. A. deal B. part C. grow D. live13. A. whereas B. until C. for  D. if14.

12、 A. avoid B. follow C. challenge D. obtain15. A. isolated B. persuaded C. viewed D. exposed16. A. wherever B. whatever C. whenever D. however17. A. changed B. brought C. shaped D. pushed18. A. invested B. divid

13、ed C. donated D. withdrawn19. A. warms B. clears  C. shows D. breaks20. A. while B. so that C. once D. in that1. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 Das well as 考點(diǎn)分析 本題考察邏輯關(guān)系選項(xiàng)分析 因?yàn)榭疾爝壿嬯P(guān)系，所以需要我們先對(duì)填空前后的原文信息做定位分析：文章身處大環(huán)境not only.but also之中，這是一個(gè)明顯的并列關(guān)系，表

14、示“不僅而且”該空與前一句“his parents and his friends”也是并列關(guān)系，表示“與他本人以及伴侶的父母朋友相關(guān)” 所以答案只能是D. as well as. A. by way of通過(guò) B. with regard to 關(guān)于 C. on behalf of 代表2. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 A decide on 考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語(yǔ)義 選項(xiàng)分析 根據(jù)該句的主語(yǔ)a young man與賓語(yǔ)a likely spouse的關(guān)系，答案只能是A. decide on 決定。表示自己決定自己的對(duì)象。B. provide for 為提供準(zhǔn)備 C. compete

15、 with與競(jìng)爭(zhēng) D. adapt to適用3. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 Barrange 考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語(yǔ)義及動(dòng)詞辨析 選項(xiàng)分析 該句意思為，他可以自己選擇自己中意的伴侶并讓父母_相關(guān)事務(wù)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，A. close 關(guān)閉 C renew 更新；恢復(fù) D postpone“推遲”，語(yǔ)義不正確，只有B arrange安排是符合語(yǔ)境。4. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 AIn theory 考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語(yǔ)義 選項(xiàng)分析邏輯判斷題。主要是看前后兩句的含義，前面是說(shuō)“他可以自己選擇自己中意的伴侶并讓父母安排相關(guān)事務(wù)，或者幾乎不參與，完全讓父母選擇自己的對(duì)象?！?空格后面說(shuō)“女方

16、可以拒絕她父母所選擇的對(duì)象。”這兩句之間沒(méi)有舉例說(shuō)明的關(guān)系，且有一個(gè)may，更證明A. In theory的正確性。而其他選項(xiàng) B. Above all最重要的是， C. In time 準(zhǔn)時(shí) D. For example舉例，均不符合題意。5. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 CAfter 考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語(yǔ)義 選項(xiàng)分析根據(jù)下文“_a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other”知道，只有對(duì)象選擇好后，父母才會(huì)去調(diào)查研究對(duì)方的背景。所以只有after才對(duì)。其他選項(xiàng)A. Unless 除非，否則 B. Lest 以免，

17、唯恐 D. Although 盡管 都不符合題意。6標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 Ainto 考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語(yǔ)義及介詞詞義辨析 選項(xiàng)分析 這里主要是看marry與相關(guān)介詞的固定搭配。這里marry into就是指嫁到，而其他選項(xiàng)均沒(méi)有這層含義。7.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 Cbut   考點(diǎn)分析 邏輯關(guān)系題   選項(xiàng)分析根據(jù)上文，說(shuō)傳統(tǒng)的婚禮時(shí)間跨度很長(zhǎng)，但是到了1980s, 婚禮只持續(xù)一天半。所以與前文發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變。因此要選擇but轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。8標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 Crecite   考點(diǎn)分析

18、 上下文語(yǔ)義及動(dòng)詞詞義辨析   選項(xiàng)分析空格處需要填一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，和后面的prayers of blessing所搭配，C選項(xiàng)recite 為背誦的意思，與所給短語(yǔ)搭配最為合理，譯為“為祈禱者做祈?！?。9標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 Dtying   考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語(yǔ)義及動(dòng)詞詞義辨析   選項(xiàng)分析 本題需要根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)義分析，空格處需要搭配后文“棉花線(xiàn)頭”，縱觀四個(gè)選項(xiàng)A折疊B堆積 C包裹 D系上，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)含義，只有D和后文的“棉花線(xiàn)頭”

19、搭配最為合理。10標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 Apassing   考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語(yǔ)義及動(dòng)詞詞義辨析   選項(xiàng)分析 本題根據(jù)選項(xiàng)A傳遞B點(diǎn)亮 C隱藏 D服務(wù)，原文空格需要填寫(xiě)一個(gè)動(dòng)詞與后文“around a circle”來(lái)搭配，譯為“將蠟燭傳一圈”，故A傳遞為正確選項(xiàng)。11標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 Dunion考點(diǎn)分析 名詞詞義辨析選項(xiàng)分析 本題根據(jù)選項(xiàng)A協(xié)會(huì)，社團(tuán)B會(huì)議，會(huì)面 C集合 D結(jié)合。本句語(yǔ)義為“這些受尊敬的夫妻祈禱”根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，結(jié)婚是一

20、種夫妻二人的結(jié)合，因此，選項(xiàng)D結(jié)合更符合語(yǔ)境。12.  標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 Dlive考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語(yǔ)義及動(dòng)詞詞義辨析   選項(xiàng)分析 本題比較簡(jiǎn)單。根據(jù)語(yǔ)義“根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)，新婚夫婦要搬到妻子父母家，與父母_一年”根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，應(yīng)為D居住為最佳答案。13標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 Buntil    考點(diǎn)分析 時(shí)間邏輯關(guān)系    選項(xiàng)分析 根據(jù)原文，“_他們?cè)诟浇ㄔ煲粭澬路孔印?#160;A然而B(niǎo)直到 C為 D如果 結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，B直

21、到最符合原文語(yǔ)境，搭配最為合理。14標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 Dobtain 考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語(yǔ)義及動(dòng)詞詞義辨析選項(xiàng)分析 Divorce is legal and relatively easy to _14_, but not common.該句句意為離婚是合法的，且相對(duì)容易_. A.avoid 避免B.follow 跟隨C.chanllenge挑戰(zhàn)，質(zhì)疑D.obtain獲得。這里出現(xiàn)and,所以對(duì)于離婚這件事不可能是避免或是挑戰(zhàn)，但是跟隨和離婚之間語(yǔ)義不符，但是獲得離婚（的批準(zhǔn)）是可以的。選D. 15. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 D viewed考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語(yǔ)義及動(dòng)詞詞義辨析選項(xiàng)分析 Divorced persons

22、 are _15_ with some disapproval.離婚的人一些不贊同。在段首，已經(jīng)注明離婚是合法的且相對(duì)容易得到批準(zhǔn)，但是不常見(jiàn)。這說(shuō)明離婚在現(xiàn)實(shí)中肯定是不太受到人們的歡迎的。而接下來(lái)這句就說(shuō)離婚的人一些不贊同。再看選項(xiàng)：A.isolated孤立 B.persuaded勸說(shuō)C.viewed看做 D. exposed接觸，受到的影響 C選項(xiàng)固定搭配被認(rèn)為，放進(jìn)。16. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 Bwhatever 考點(diǎn)分析 語(yǔ)法 選項(xiàng)分析Each spouse retains _16_ property he or she _17_ into the marriage, 17個(gè)空對(duì)應(yīng)的都是動(dòng)詞，所

23、以該句意思為：夫婦雙方保有財(cái)產(chǎn)，這個(gè)財(cái)產(chǎn)是他或她(動(dòng)詞)進(jìn)婚姻的。 結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A whenever“無(wú)論何地；任何（地方）=any place where(定從)”。B whatever“無(wú)論什么；任何（東西）=anything that/any+N that”。C whenever無(wú)論何時(shí)；任何（時(shí)間=any time when）D however 無(wú)論如何；無(wú)論多么 。根據(jù)語(yǔ)義，這里應(yīng)該不是讓步的關(guān)系,而且填的這個(gè)詞還要能修飾property。因此，選擇B =retains any property that he or she .17. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 Bbrought 考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語(yǔ)義及動(dòng)

24、詞義辨析 選項(xiàng)分析 Each spouse retains _16_ property he or she _17_ into the marriage,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A changed“改變”。B brought “帶來(lái)”。C shaped“形成” D pushed“推，逼迫”。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境只有B符合，把財(cái)產(chǎn)帶入婚姻。18. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 Bdivided 考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語(yǔ)義及動(dòng)詞義辨析 選項(xiàng)分析 and jointly-acquired property is _18_ equally.結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A invested投資.Bdivided平分 C donated 捐贈(zèng)Dwithdrawn撤出，提取。根據(jù)

25、語(yǔ)義應(yīng)該是共同財(cái)產(chǎn)被（夫妻雙方）平分。19. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 Cshows考點(diǎn)分析 動(dòng)詞固定搭配選項(xiàng)分析 Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice _19_up. 該句語(yǔ)義為離過(guò)婚的人或許會(huì)再婚，但是性別偏見(jiàn)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A. warm（up）加熱 B.clear(up) 變晴C.show (up) 顯現(xiàn)D.break（up）分裂，分開(kāi)；，顯然C是正確選項(xiàng)。20. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 Awhile選項(xiàng)分析 上下文語(yǔ)義考點(diǎn)分析 很明顯的兩類(lèi)人的對(duì)比比較關(guān)系。只能選擇while.【真題翻譯】在柬埔寨，伴侶的選擇對(duì)于年輕男性來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的問(wèn)題。這不僅與他

26、本人以及未來(lái)伴侶的父母朋友相關(guān)，而且與媒婆也有著千絲萬(wàn)縷的關(guān)系。他可以自己選擇自己中意的伴侶并讓父母安排相關(guān)事務(wù)，或者幾乎不參與，完全讓父母選擇自己的對(duì)象。理論上來(lái)說(shuō)，女方可以拒絕她父母所選擇的對(duì)象。在選好自己的對(duì)象后，每個(gè)家庭都能會(huì)去調(diào)查對(duì)方家庭來(lái)確保他們的孩子嫁到好人家。傳統(tǒng)的婚禮是一段漫長(zhǎng)，多姿多彩的過(guò)程。從前會(huì)持續(xù)三天，但是到了20世紀(jì)80年代，一般會(huì)持續(xù)一天半。佛教徒通常會(huì)做簡(jiǎn)短誦經(jīng)，并為新人祈福。儀式通常包括剪發(fā)，在新郎新娘的胳膊上系上浸滿(mǎn)圣水的棉繩，在幸福的、受人尊敬的夫婦中傳遞蠟燭來(lái)祈禱新人的結(jié)合。通常情況下，新婚夫婦會(huì)到妻子父母家里住一年，直到他們?cè)诟浇ㄒ粭澬路孔訛橹?。離婚

27、是合法的，而且很容易獲得批準(zhǔn)，但是在實(shí)際中這種情況并不常見(jiàn)。離過(guò)婚的男女會(huì)受到一些人的詬病。夫婦雙方在離婚后可保有他或她婚前帶來(lái)的財(cái)產(chǎn)，而且可平分婚后共同取得的財(cái)產(chǎn)。離過(guò)婚的人或許會(huì)再婚，但是性別偏見(jiàn)還是很明顯。比如，離過(guò)婚的男性再婚前不需要一段等待期而女性則需要等待十個(gè)月。Section Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on

28、ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text1 France，which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin

29、models on runways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting. Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. Thats a start. And the ban on ultra-thin

30、models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth. Th

31、e bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques

32、. The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison. The

33、 fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement. In contrast

34、to Frances actions, Denmarks fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states:”We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on b

35、ody ideals, especially on young people”. The charters main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion Week (CFW), which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and -shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical p

36、ersuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry. 21. According to the first paragraph，what would happen in France?【A】Physical beauty would be redefined.【

37、B】New runways would be constructed.【C】Websites about dieting would thrive.【D】The fashion industry would decline.22. The phrase “impinging on”(Line 2，Para.2) is closest in meaning to【A】heightening the value of【B】indicating the state of【C】losing faith in【D】doing harm to23. Which of the following is tr

38、ue of the fashion industry？【A】The French measures have already failed.【B】New standards are being set in Denmark.【C】Models are no longer under peer pressure.【D】Its inherent problems are getting worse.24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for【A】pursuing perfect physical conditions【B】cari

39、ng too much about models character.【C】showing little concern for health factors【D】setting a high age threshold for models.25. Which of the following may be the best title of the text?【A】A Challenge to the Fashion Industrys Body Ideals【B】A Dilemma for the Starving models in France【C】Just Another Roun

40、d of Struggle for Beauty【D】The Great Threats to the Fashion Industry21 答案 A Physical beauty would be redefined解析：這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題，根據(jù)France定位到第一段第一句，主干成分為France has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty。此外第二段第二句They suggest beauty should not be define by looks故而A physical beauty would be redefined為

41、同義替換，即為正確答案。22 答案 D doing harm to 解析：此題為詞義題。定位到第二段第二句They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. 根據(jù)end up 可以看出beauty should not be defined by looks 和that end up impinging on health為順承關(guān)系，所以“改變?nèi)藗儗?duì)美不僅僅是外表的定義”可以結(jié)束對(duì)健康的危害。故而可以推知doing harm to是正確答案。23 答案 B New Standar

42、ds are being set in Denmark 解析：此題是正誤判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第二句話(huà) In Denmark,it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion可知B選項(xiàng) New standards are being set in Denmark是其同義替換。24 答案 C showing little concern for health factors 解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。一個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)師很可能因?yàn)槭裁丛虮籆FW拒絕，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞可回到文中定位至倒數(shù)第二段，首句說(shuō)丹麥的時(shí)尚界就有關(guān)模特的年齡，健康及其他特性的內(nèi)容達(dá)

43、成一致意見(jiàn)，切一項(xiàng)新法案也明確規(guī)定，他們已經(jīng)意識(shí)到時(shí)尚界對(duì)于人們尤其是年輕人的身體健康所帶來(lái)的影響，并且該對(duì)此負(fù)責(zé)，接著下一句就說(shuō)，這一法規(guī)的執(zhí)行方式就是拒絕一些設(shè)計(jì)師，因?yàn)榭梢酝茢嘣O(shè)計(jì)師很可能因?yàn)椴豢紤]身體健康因素而被CFW拒絕。25 答案 D A challenge to the Fashion Industrys Body Ideals 解析：主旨題。本文從首段就開(kāi)始闡述法國(guó)的觀點(diǎn)，即時(shí)尚界已經(jīng)失去了定義女性身體之美的權(quán)利，且議會(huì)也禁止網(wǎng)站通過(guò)宣傳過(guò)度節(jié)食來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)度消瘦。二段繼續(xù)說(shuō)明美麗不能只看外表更不能以犧牲健康為代價(jià)。三段說(shuō)女性不該讓他人來(lái)評(píng)判自己的美麗。以及后面的段落中也一直在不斷

44、說(shuō)明一點(diǎn)，即健康很重要，不能只看外表。所以文章最佳標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是D，對(duì)時(shí)尚界完美身材的質(zhì)疑。Text 2For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate”the countryside”alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Serivce (NHS) as what

45、 makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support. A century ago Octavia Hill Launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save“the beauty of natural places for everyone forever”. It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where th

46、ey could experience“a refreshing air .”Hills pressure later led to creation of national parks and green belts. They dont make countryside any more，and every year concrete consumes more of it . It needs constant guardianship. At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this se

47、ntiment. The conservativesplanning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation， even authorising“off-plan”building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning wher

48、e councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent. Only Ukip, sensing its chance,has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local conservative parties.The sensible place to build new ho

49、uses，factories and offices is where people are，in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area alone，with no intrusion on green belt. What is true of London is even truer of the pro

50、vinces. The idea that”housing crisis”equals“concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always，where to put them. Under lobby pressure，George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites again

51、st high streets . This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban Development should be planned, not let rip. After the Netherlands, Britain i

52、s Europes most crowed country. Half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative - the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rath

53、er than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26. Britains public sentiment about the countrysideA has brought much benefit to the NHS.B didnt start till the Shakespearean age. C is fully backed by the royal family. D is not well reflected in politics.27. According t

54、o Paragraph 2，the achievements of the National Trust are now beingA gradually destroyed.B effectively reinforced.C properly protected. D largely overshadowed. 28. which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3?A Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation. B the Conservatives may

55、abandon ”off -plan“ building.C the Liberal Democrats are losing political influence.D labour is under attack for opposing development.29. the author holds that George Osbornes preferenceA reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas.B shows his disregard for the character of rural areas.C stresses

56、 the necessity of easing the housing crisis.D highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure.30. In the last paragraph，the author shows his appreciation of A the size of population in Britain.B the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain. C the town-and-country planning in Britain.D the political life

57、 in today is Britain. 26 答案 D is not well reflected in politics 解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。精讀題干，劃出關(guān)鍵詞。根據(jù)題干回到原文精確定位到首段最后一句，該句中的polls民意調(diào)查對(duì)應(yīng)題干中的public sentiment，定位答案處為“this has limited political support”，意思為這在政治支持方面是有限的。與D選項(xiàng)“在政治上沒(méi)有得到很好的反響”為同義替換。27 答案 D largely overshadowed 解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干，題干中出現(xiàn)大寫(xiě)the National Trust，定位到第二段首句the

58、 National Trust該句。二段首句只是對(duì)Hill的該項(xiàng)目做介紹，需向后看影響。往下可以讀到Hills pressure這句，寫(xiě)到“Hill的項(xiàng)目創(chuàng)造出國(guó)家公園和綠地。他們不再制造鄉(xiāng)村了，而且每年鋼筋混凝土消耗的鄉(xiāng)村越來(lái)越多。鄉(xiāng)村需要持久的保護(hù)”。對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)，該項(xiàng)目的成就很大程度上被奪取了光輝。28 答案 A Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation 解析：推斷題。題干問(wèn)的是從第三段能推出什么，考察的是相應(yīng)段落的段落中心。觀察選項(xiàng)不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，選項(xiàng)中都是大寫(xiě)的Ukip，The Conservatives，The Liberal

59、 Democrats，Labour?？筛鶕?jù)選項(xiàng)中的大寫(xiě)回段落中尋找，發(fā)現(xiàn)Ukip所在的定位句為Only的倒裝強(qiáng)調(diào)句（倒裝強(qiáng)調(diào)句往往為答案所在處）。該句子意思是：只有Ukip意識(shí)到其機(jī)會(huì)，并支持這些人。和選項(xiàng)A對(duì)應(yīng)一下，Ukip可能能從其對(duì)農(nóng)村保護(hù)的支持中獲得好處，是同義替換。29 答案  B Shows his disregard for the character of rural areas 解析：細(xì)節(jié)題 問(wèn)的是作者對(duì)于奧斯本的偏好（觀點(diǎn)）的具體看法。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞奧斯本定位至第五段，因?yàn)閱?wèn)的是作者對(duì)于奧斯本觀點(diǎn)的看法，所以只需要看在奧斯本的觀點(diǎn)之后作者的表達(dá)內(nèi)容，第五段倒數(shù)兩句話(huà)就

60、是作者表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn)的地方，即“我們沒(méi)有破壞城市中受到保護(hù)的地方”，“你們?yōu)槭裁匆茐泥l(xiāng)村的呢？”這就說(shuō)明奧斯本一方的觀點(diǎn)是要破壞鄉(xiāng)村環(huán)境。所以可得出答案是奧斯本想法表明了他對(duì)于鄉(xiāng)村人們的忽視。30 答案  C the-town-and-country planning in Britain 解析：根據(jù)題干定位到最后一段，問(wèn)的是作者欣賞贊同什么，作者的觀點(diǎn)即是文章末段的段落中心，可定位到末段末句。末句指出，避免this會(huì)將左右黨派聯(lián)系起來(lái)，this代詞指代指代上句中所提到的內(nèi)容。Should即作者贊同的地方，也就是作者贊同的是城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)合。TEXT3 “There is on and on

61、ly one social responsibility of business,” wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economist, “That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.” But even if you accept Friedmans premise and regard corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies as a waste

62、of shareholders money, things may not be absolutely clear-cut. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies-at least when they are prosecuted for corruption. The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimat

63、e by EPG, a consulting firm. This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a “signal” that a companys products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a companys products as an indirect way to donate to the good causes it helps. And third, through a more diffuse “halo effect,” whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others. Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effec