高考英語--虛擬語氣用法總結(jié)ppt課件

1、虛虛 擬擬 語語 氣氣;概念：謂語概念：謂語v用不同的方式表示說話人的不贊同圖，這用不同的方式表示說話人的不贊同圖，這種方式稱為語氣。語氣分三種：種方式稱為語氣。語氣分三種：1.陳說語氣：用來陳說一個現(xiàn)實，或提出一種看法，有陳說語氣：用來陳說一個現(xiàn)實，或提出一種看法，有一定、否認、疑問、感慨等方式。一定、否認、疑問、感慨等方式。He is late for class. What fun!He is not interested in classical music.2.祈使語氣：用來表示懇求、約請、命令、警告或勸告祈使語氣：用來表示懇求、約請、命令、警告或勸告等動詞常用原形等動詞常用原形Do

2、nt be late！3.虛擬語氣：表示說話人所說的不是現(xiàn)實，而是一種假虛擬語氣：表示說話人所說的不是現(xiàn)實，而是一種假設、愿望、疑心或推測。設、愿望、疑心或推測。;一、虛擬語氣在一、虛擬語氣在 if非真實條件句中非真實條件句中虛擬條件虛擬條件從句從句(If)主主 句句與與現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在事實相事實相反的假設反的假設與與過去過去事實相事實相反的假設反的假設與與將來將來事實相事實相反的假設反的假設主語主語+did/were主語主語+should / would/could / might + do主語主語+ had done主語主語+ should / would/ could / might + hav

3、e done 主語主語+1.did2.should do3.were to do主語主語+should / would/could / might + do;If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam.1.1.假設我是他，我會接受他的建議。假設我是他，我會接受他的建議。3.3.假設明天下雨，我會待在家里。假設明天下雨，我會待在家里。2.2.假設他以前好好學習，假設他以前好好學習， 他會經(jīng)過考試的。他會經(jīng)過考試的。If I were you, I would accept his advice.If it rain

4、ed/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.;You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired.drove; didnt getdrove; wouldnt getwere driving; wouldnt gethad driven; wouldnt have got;留意：留意：1.錯綜時間虛擬語氣錯綜時間虛擬語氣當從句主句所表示的行為所發(fā)生的時間不當從句主句所表示的行為所發(fā)生的時間不一致時，動詞的方式要根據(jù)它所表示的時一致時，動詞的方式要根據(jù)它所表示的時

5、間作出相應的調(diào)整。間作出相應的調(diào)整。If you _(follow)my advice just now, you _(be)better now.If you _(study)hard before, you _(be)a college student now.had followedwould behad studiedwould be;If you _ with George earlier, you _ so angry now.talked; would not behad talked; would not bewould talk; would not behad talked

6、; would not have been;If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river _ so seriously now.is not pollutedwould not be pollutedhad not been pollutedwould not have been polluted;2. if從句中，從句中，were，had完成時態(tài)標志，完成時態(tài)標志，should可可以放在句首，用于倒裝構(gòu)造，以放在句首，用于倒裝構(gòu)造，if必需省略。否認詞必需省略。否認詞not不能放在前面。不能放在前面。1.Had

7、 I not seen him then(Hadnt I seen him then), I wouldnt have been very happy.2.If I were you, I would accept his advice.3.If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.4.If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam.Had you studied hard before,Were I you,Should

8、 it rained tomorrow/ Were it to rain tomorrow,;_ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yang Pu Bridge.Were B. Should C.Would D. Will ;3 3、含蓄虛擬語氣、含蓄虛擬語氣 有時為了表達的需求，在虛擬語氣中，并不總有時為了表達的需求，在虛擬語氣中，并不總是出現(xiàn)是出現(xiàn)ifif引導的條件句，而經(jīng)過其它手段來替代引導的條件句，而經(jīng)過其它手段來替代條件句。條件句。常用的有介詞常用的有介詞withwith，withoutwithou

9、t，but forbut for倘沒有，倘沒有，要不是；連詞要不是；連詞oror，butbut；副詞；副詞otherwiseotherwise等。等。1.I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.=If I hadnt been ill that day, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.;2.He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known

10、 nothing about it.3.I should have given you more help, but I was too busy.4.What would you do with a million dollars? 5.Without / But for your help, we couldnt have finished the work ahead of time.=If it had not been for your help, ;Without electricity, human being life _ quite different today.iswil

11、l bewould have beenwould be;But for his help, I _.should not have succeededhave not succeededdid not succeedhad not succeeded;He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _ a goal.had scoredscoredwould scorewould have scored;二、虛擬語氣的其他用法二、虛擬語氣的其他用法1.as if / as though好似好似+從句從句與如今相反與

12、如今相反 did/were與過去相反與過去相反 had done與未來相反與未來相反 would/could/might+ do He looks as if he were an artist.He talked about the accident as if he had seen it.;留意：假設表示確實有某種能夠留意：假設表示確實有某種能夠(尤指天氣，尤指天氣，也可不用虛擬語氣。也可不用虛擬語氣。Eg. Look! The clouds are gathering.It looks as if its going to rain .When a pencil is partly i

13、n a glass of water, it looks as if it _. A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken;2.It is (high / about) time (that) sb did/ sb should不可省略不可省略 + do該是某人做某事的時候了。該是某人做某事的時候了。It is high time that you got up/should get up.;Im getting tired; its time we _ home. A. go B. are going C. went

14、D. should be going;3.wish/if only(3.wish/if only(要是要是就好了就好了+ +從句從句 與如今現(xiàn)實相反與如今現(xiàn)實相反 did/were did/were 與過去現(xiàn)實相反與過去現(xiàn)實相反 had done had done或用或用could could have donehave done 與未來現(xiàn)實相反與未來現(xiàn)實相反 could/would/might + could/would/might + dodo I wish (that)he_(visit) us I wish (that)he_(visit) us tomorrow.tomorrow.I

15、 wish (that) he_(visit)us today.I wish (that) he_(visit)us today.I wish I wish he_(visit) us he_(visit) us yesterday. yesterday. had visited us/ could have visited us would /could /might visitvisitedIf only you _ listen)to our advice!If only I _ (be)a bird!had listenedwere;4.在在would rather+賓語從句中賓語從句

16、中與如今或未來現(xiàn)實相反與如今或未來現(xiàn)實相反 did/were與過去現(xiàn)實相反與過去現(xiàn)實相反 had done即：即：would rather sb did/ had doneI would rather you _(come) here tomorrow.I would rather you _ (not tell)me the truth.camehadnt told;5.用于表示用于表示建議建議advise/ suggest/ propose/recommend命令命令(order/ command)要求要求(demand/require/ request/ desire)堅持要求堅持要求(

17、insist) 等詞相連的從句中需用虛擬語氣：等詞相連的從句中需用虛擬語氣：sb should+ do1.I suggested that he (should) go there at once. (賓賓語從句語從句)2.My advice is that we (should) tell him the news.3.I made a suggestion that he-(同位語從句同位語從句)4.It is suggested that he-(主語從句主語從句)5.My suggestion was that he-(表語從句表語從句);The officer gave the or

18、der that nothing _ until the people arrived. A. didnt touch B. touched C. be touched D. touch;留意：留意：suggest:闡明，暗示闡明，暗示 陳說語氣陳說語氣 建議建議 虛擬語氣虛擬語氣Her pale face suggested that she _be)ill and that she _(send) to hospital immediately.Insist：堅持說，堅持以為：堅持說，堅持以為 陳說語氣陳說語氣 堅持主張，堅持要求堅持主張，堅持要求 虛擬語氣虛擬語氣He insisted that he _(not steal) the money and insisted that he _(set) free.was(should) be