（整理版高中英語(yǔ)）高三英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)（一）冀教

1、高三英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)一冀教版【本講教育信息】一. 教學(xué)內(nèi)容： 語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)一句子成分；簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句句子成分：一句子成分的定義：構(gòu)成句子的各個(gè)局部叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)；次要成分有表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。二主語(yǔ)：主語(yǔ)是一個(gè)句子所表達(dá)的主體，一般位于句首。但在there be結(jié)構(gòu)、疑問(wèn)句當(dāng)主語(yǔ)不是疑問(wèn)詞時(shí)和倒裝句中，主語(yǔ)位于謂語(yǔ)、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面。主語(yǔ)可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、名詞化的形容詞和主語(yǔ)從句等表示。例如：during the 1990s, american country music has become mor

2、e and more popular.名詞we often speak english in class.代詞one-third of the students in this class are girls.數(shù)詞to swim in the river is a great pleasure.不定式smoking does harm to the health.動(dòng)名詞the rich should help the poor.名詞化的形容詞when we are going to have an english test has not been decided.主語(yǔ)從句it is nece

3、ssary to master a foreign language.it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)為后面的不定式三謂語(yǔ)：謂語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)所做的動(dòng)作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動(dòng)詞在句中作謂語(yǔ)，一般放在主語(yǔ)之后。謂語(yǔ)的構(gòu)成如下：1、簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)：由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。如：he practices running every morning.2、復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)：1由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或其他助動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。如：you may keep the book for two weeks. he has caught a bad cold. 2由系動(dòng)詞加表語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。如：we are students.四表語(yǔ)：表語(yǔ)用以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、

4、特征和狀態(tài)，它一般位于系動(dòng)詞如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等之后。表語(yǔ)一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞及表語(yǔ)從句表示。例如：our teacher of english is an american.名詞is it yours?代詞the weather has turned cold.形容詞the speech is exciting.分詞three times seven is twenty one?數(shù)詞his job is to teach english.不定式his hobby愛(ài)好is playin

5、g football.動(dòng)名詞the machine must be out of order.介詞短語(yǔ)time is up. the class is over.副詞the truth is that he has never been abroad.表語(yǔ)從句五賓語(yǔ)：賓語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承受者，一般位于及物動(dòng)詞和介詞后面。例如：they went to see an exhibition展覽yesterday.名詞the heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.代詞how many dictionaries do you ha

6、ve? i have five.數(shù)詞they helped the old with their housework yesterday.名詞化形容詞he pretended not to see me.不定式短語(yǔ)i enjoy listening to popular music.動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)i thinkthathe is fit for his office.賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)種類：1雙賓語(yǔ)間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)，例如：lend me your dictionary, please.2復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)，例如：they elected him their monitor.六賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：英語(yǔ)中有些及物

7、動(dòng)詞，除有一個(gè)直接賓語(yǔ)以外，還要有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，才能使句子的意義完整。帶有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的一般句型為：某些及物動(dòng)詞如make等+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)。賓補(bǔ)可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)和從句充當(dāng)。例如：his father named him dongming.名詞they painted their boat white.形容詞let the fresh air in.副詞you mustnt force him to lend his money to you.不定式短語(yǔ)we saw her entering the room.現(xiàn)在分詞we found everything in th

8、e lab in good order.介詞短語(yǔ)we will soon make our city what your city is now.從句七定語(yǔ)：修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語(yǔ)或從句稱為定語(yǔ)。定語(yǔ)可由以下等成分表示：guilin is a beautiful city.形容詞china is a developing country; america is a developed country.分詞 there are thirty women teachers is our school.名詞his rapid progress in english made us surprise

9、d.代詞our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.不定式短語(yǔ)the teaching plan for next term has been worked out.動(dòng)名詞he is reading an article about how to learn english.介詞短語(yǔ)八狀語(yǔ)：修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子，說(shuō)明動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分，叫做狀語(yǔ)?？捎梢韵滦问奖硎荆簂ight travels most quickly.副詞及副詞性詞組he has lived in the city for ten years.介

10、詞短語(yǔ)he is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.不定式短語(yǔ)he is in the room making a model plane.分詞短語(yǔ)wait a minute.名詞once you begin, you must continue.狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)種類如下：how about meeting again at six?時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)last night she didnt go to the dance party because of the rain.原因狀語(yǔ)i shall go there

11、if it doesnt rain.條件狀語(yǔ)mr smith lives on the third floor.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)she put the eggs into the basket with great care.方式狀語(yǔ)she came in with a dictionary in her hand.伴隨狀語(yǔ)in order to catch up with the others, i must work harder.目的狀語(yǔ)he was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)she works very hard though s

12、he is old.讓步狀語(yǔ)i am taller than he is.比擬狀語(yǔ)課堂練習(xí)一、指出以下句子劃線局部是什么句子成分：1. the students got on the school bus.2. he handed me the newspaper.3. i shall answer your question after class.4. what a beautiful chinese painting!5. they went hunting together early in the morning.6. his job is to train swimmers.7.

13、he took many photos of the palaces in beijing.8. there is going to be an american film tonight.9. he is to leave for shanghai tomorrow.10. his wish is to become a scientist.11. he managed to finish the work in time.12. tom came to ask me for advice.13. he found it important to master english.14. do

14、you have anything else to say?15. to be honest; your pronunciation is not so good.16. would you please tell me your address?17. he sat there, reading a newspaper.18. it is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.19. he noticed a man enter the room.20. the apples tasted sweet.二、選擇填空：( )1. _ wil

15、l leave for beijing.a. now there the man b. the man here nowc. the man who is here now d. the man is here now( ) 2. the weather _.a. wet and cold b. is wet and coldc. not wet and coldd. were wet and cold( ) 3. the apple tasted _.a. sweets b. sweetly c. nicely d. sweet( ) 4. he got up _ yesterday mor

16、ning.a. lately b. late c. latest d. latter( )5. the actor _at the age of 70.a. dead b. died c. dyed d. deaded( )6. _ were all very tired, but none of _ would stop to take a rest.a. we, us b. us, we c. we, our d. we, we( )7. he found the street much _.a. crowd b. crowding c. crowded d. crowdedly( ) 8

17、.i think _necessary to learn english well.a. its b. it c. that d. that is( ) 9. the dog _ mad.a. looks b. is looked c. is being looked d. was looked( )10.i will never forget the day _ i joined the army.a. that b. when c. in which d. where以上答案請(qǐng)見(jiàn)名師面授！【模擬試題】(a)1. let us suppose that you are in_ positio

18、n of_ parent. would you allow your child to do such a thing? a. a; a b. a; the c. the; a d. the; the2. _ you have seen both fighters, _ will win? a. since; do you think who b. as; who you think c. when; whoever d. since; who do you think 3. you dont have to share the umbrellas. ill give you one _. a

19、. every b. each c. all d. both4. when the children heard the _ story, they were _ half to death. a. scary; frightening b. frightening; scared c. scared; scary d. frightened; frightening5. the truth, sir, is that the old man _ across the street when my car hit him. a. was to walk b. had been walking

20、c. walked d. was walking6. it is _ work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it. a. so unusual b. such unusual c. such an unusual d. so an unusual7. the rescue team _to help but failed to get there in time. a. had wanted b. have planned c. were expecting d. hoped8. he dropped the _ and broke

21、 it. a. cup of tea b. teas cup c. cup for tea d. tea cup9. the red building is where the workers live, and the white one is where the spare parts _. a. are produced b. will produce c. produced d. had been produced10. tim bemers-lee is generally considered _ the world wide web, on which all theinform

22、ation is shared by all. a. to have founded b. having founded c. founding d. to found11. - he has to finish the experiment today. he must be in the lab, _? - thats quite possible. a. mustnt he b. wont he c. doesnt he d. isnt he12. youd better choose someone_ you think _ kind and friendly to help you.

23、 a. whom; to be b. who; is c. whom; is d. which; to be13. - may i hand in the composition tomorrow? - no, you _, because i have to go through all of your compositions this evening. a. cant b. neednt c. wont d. shouldnt14. the door opened and in _. a. did he come b. came he c. he came d. did a man co

24、me15. after months of voyage, columbus arrived in _ later proved a new continent. a. where b. what c. which d. that (b)1. i smoke out of _habit, not for _ pleasure; for i have been in the habit for twenty years. a. a; the b. the; a c. /; the d. /; /2. weve published large quantities of books. this y

25、ear_ weve published three million. a. only b. just c. alone d. merely3. _ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldnt go on with the experiment. a. since b. with c. as d. for4. - would you please give him the paper the moment he _? - no problem. a. arrives b. will arrive c. arrived d. is arriving

26、5. - where will you start your work after graduation? - mmm, its not been decided yet. i _ continue my study for a higher degree. a. need b. must c. would d. might6. the number of the cattle here, _ is mentioned above, has been limited to 200. a. it b. as c. that d. which 7. “no, no, he whispered, _

27、 talking to himself. a. while b. even if c. as if d. when8. id love _ to your party last sunday if not because of the unexpected guests. a. to go b. going c. having gone d. to have gone9. i admired my classmate lisa very much. _ her prettiness, she was smart and helpful. a. except for b. but for c. apart from d. in spite of10. li ming w