職高英語基礎(chǔ)模塊下冊Unit 8 and Unit 9Grammar 動詞-ing形式的應(yīng)用

1、Unit 8構(gòu)構(gòu) 成成由動詞原形加-ing構(gòu)成時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化主動形式主動形式被動形式被動形式一般式一般式doingbeing done完成式完成式having donehaving been done功能功能動詞的-ing形式及其短語可以在句中作主主語，賓語，表語，定語，補足語和狀語語，賓語，表語，定語，補足語和狀語。否定式否定式由not加動名詞組成Learning is difficult but interesting.Waving ones hand is to say “Hi” or “Goodbye”.Learning how to apologize is imp

2、ortant in international communication.Walking is good for health.Seeing is believing.Reading aloud is very important in learning English.【注】【注】在下面結(jié)構(gòu)中，可用在下面結(jié)構(gòu)中，可用it作形式主語，把作形式主語，把真正的主語即動名詞放在句末。真正的主語即動名詞放在句末。Its no good talking about it. 談也無用。Its no good helping him. He doesnt help himself.Its no use a

3、rguing with Tom. He is stubborn.Its no use crying over spilt milk.It is no gooduse + 動詞動詞ing 干干沒有沒有用用一、作直接賓語一、作直接賓語eg. Gesture is a way to express meaning and feeling without words. Taking nodding the head for example.只可接動詞的只可接動詞的-ing形式作賓語的動詞：形式作賓語的動詞：avoid, 避免；appreciate,欣賞；admit, 承認；consider, 考慮；d

4、elay, 拖延，推遲；dislike；enjoy；escape, 逃避；excuse, 原諒，寬恕；finish, complete；forgive,原諒 ；imagine, 想象；keep,保持 ；mind, 介意；prevent, 阻止；miss,錯過，想念；practice, 練習(xí)；suggest, advise, 介意；risk，冒險。eg. I have to delay answering the letter. All of us enjoy playing football. Excuse my coming late. Can you imagine him becomin

5、g famous as an actor? Would you mind my smoking here? Do you mind giving me a glass of water? Of course, I cant prevent your coming. We should practice reading English every day. He suggested going for a walk. I advise waiting till the proper time. I miss living in the country. I dont want to miss s

6、eeing that play on TV tonight. 后接動詞的后接動詞的-ing形式作賓語的短語動詞：形式作賓語的短語動詞：feel like, 喜歡，想要.; give up, 放棄；put off, 推遲；be fond of,喜歡；be interested in, 感興趣；look forward to, 期望；cant help, 禁不住; spend in, 花費；devoteto, 奉獻；contribute to,有助于； refer to, 指的是；lead to,通向；Prefer doing A to doing B,寧愿A不愿B; insist on,堅持；

7、object to, 反對。eg. We are fond of swimming.I dont feel like going to work today. Im looking forward to getting another job.I prefer walking to riding.I dont think his words contribute to solving the hard problem.二、作介詞賓語二、作介詞賓語1. One cannot use English well by knowing only the words and grammar.2. Whe

8、never you come across new words in your reading, look them up in the dictionary.3. Nothing can be learned without giving time and effort to it.4. We are tired of having the same kind of food every day.5. He earns his living by teaching.6. Instead of going to Zhongshan Park, they went to the Zoo. to

9、do sty. doing sth.forgetrememberregretmeango onstop try忘記忘記去做去做某事某事忘記忘記已經(jīng)做過已經(jīng)做過某事某事記住記住去做去做某事某事記住記住曾做過曾做過某事某事遺憾遺憾去做去做某事某事后悔后悔做過做過某事某事打算打算/想做某事想做某事意味著做某事意味著做某事（做完某事）接著去（做完某事）接著去做另一件事做另一件事繼續(xù)做同一件事繼續(xù)做同一件事停下來去做另一件事停下來去做另一件事停止做一件事停止做一件事努力去做某事努力去做某事試著做某事試著做某事stop stop to do 停下來去做另一件事（兩件事） stop doing 停止正在做的

10、事（一件）eg. We are too tired, we stop _. A. have a rest B. to have a rest C. having a rest D. had a rest Seeing the teacher come in, all students stop_. A. talk B. to talk C. talking D. talkedtryeg. The young man tries _her husband not to go out. A. persuade B. persuading C. to persuade D. persuaded He

11、 tries doing the job by himself.forget, rememberforget to do忘記去做（還沒有做） forget doing忘記做過（已做）remember to do記得去做（還沒有做） remember doing 記得做過（已做）eg. Dont forget_ the windows when you leave the house. A. close B. to close C. closed D. closingI remember _ the old man some day, but I forgot about his name. A

12、. see B. to see C. seeing D. seenregreteg. I regret to inform you: you are arrested. The old man regrets beating his grandson.go oneg. The little girl has a rest and goes on _. A. study B. studying C. to study D. studiedAlthough it is dark, Mary goes on _. A. study B. studying C. to study D. studied

13、meaneg. I dont mean _ him to take part in my party, but my words mean _. A. to invite; to invite B. to invite; inviting C. inviting; to invite D. inviting; invitingHis favorite sport is skating.What she likes best is singing pop songs.The story is very moving.The news is surprising.Her job was looki

14、ng after the pigs.His hobbies is collecting stamps.【注】動名詞作表語時，不可與進行時態(tài)相混淆。試比較：She was washing clothes.（現(xiàn)在進行時）Her job was washing clothes.（動名詞）tips動名詞：籠統(tǒng)、泛指的意思；抽象或經(jīng)常性的動作。動詞不定式：具體或特定的動作.eg. The students like playing football. 這些學(xué)生喜歡踢足球。（經(jīng)常性的愛好） Would you like to play football this afternoon. 你今天下午愿意踢球嗎

15、？（指一次的動作）動詞的-ing形式以以單詞形式單詞形式作定語時作定語時，放在所修飾的名詞放在所修飾的名詞之前之前eg. a reading room閱覽室 writing paper信紙 a walking stick 拐杖 building materials建筑材料 a sleeping boy睡著的男孩 a flying kite飛著的風箏This reminds me of Italy, when it was still a developing country.My father works in a printing shop.Our school built a swimmi

16、ng pool last summer.Our teacher uses a very good teaching method.以以短語形式短語形式作定語時作定語時，置于所修飾的名詞置于所修飾的名詞之后之后。The woman coming to dinner this evening is a friend of my mothers.-ing分詞作定語可以表示分詞作定語可以表示 (1) 所修飾名詞的用途。如：所修飾名詞的用途。如： a waiting room(=a room for waiting) 候車室候車室 a walking stick(=a stick for walking

17、) 手杖手杖 a sleeping car (= a car for sleeping) 臥車臥車（2）所修飾詞的性質(zhì)特征。如：）所修飾詞的性質(zhì)特征。如： exciting news 令人激動的消息令人激動的消息 a moving story 一個令人感動的故事一個令人感動的故事所修飾名詞正在進行的動作，可以換成定語所修飾名詞正在進行的動作，可以換成定語從句形式。如：從句形式。如：a sleeping child (=a child who is sleeping)正睡覺的孩子正睡覺的孩子a walking man (= a man who is walking)正散步的男人正散步的男人the

18、 man standing at the gate=the man who is standing at the gate在在see, hear, feel, watch, notice， listen to, observe等感等感官動詞以及官動詞以及find, look at, smell, get, leave, have等后可等后可以用以用-ing 形式做賓語補足語，表示賓語進行的動作，形式做賓語補足語，表示賓語進行的動作，具有具有“主動主動”和和“進行進行”的含義。的含義。eg. Sometime in the night Bill woke and found Joe sittin

19、g up in bed, crying.His son felt unhappy when he saw his classmates wearing brand clothes.It is quite rude to talk with a person in your native language and leave your American friends standing there.1.時間，原因，方式，條件，伴隨，結(jié)果狀語等；2.表“主動”和“進行”的含義，其動作與句動作與句子的謂語時子的謂語時同時同時的的；3.若本身沒有自己的邏輯主語，則其動作的邏輯主語應(yīng)是句子的主語。1.

20、Doing a lot of listening in English, you can increase your vocabulary.（方式）2. Try to tell your classmates a story using those phrases you have learned.（方式）3. He wandered the streets, trying to find a way to make some money.（結(jié)果）如果動詞的-ing形式表示的動作出現(xiàn)在句子的謂語之前，則用動詞-ing形式的完成式“having + 動詞的過去分詞”。eg. Having finished their work, they had a rest.引導(dǎo)狀語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞 if, when, how, where等等， 可以直接用于動詞的-ing形式之前。eg. If being able to speak another language, one will be qualified for many jobs today.(1)-ing分詞在句中可