初中英語必背單詞、詞組和語法總結(jié)

1、初中最常用必須會拼寫的單詞（777詞）1 . 衣月勿（37） clothes, skirt, T-shirt, shi rt, shoes, boot, running shoes, Ieather shoes, tie, sIipper, cap, hat, pants （褲子），trousers （長褲），shorts （短褲）,dress, jacket, coat,bIouse, scarf, jeans, overcoat, sportswear （運動裝），sneakers （運動鞋）,socks, glove, uniform, suit （一套衣服），plainc I othe

2、s （簡 才卜 的衣月艮），un i form, ra i ncoat, sweater, handbag, stocking （長襪）2 .不爾呼 （26） fami Iy, grandparents, grandfather, grandpa, grandmother, grandma, granny, grandson, granddaughter, parents, father, dad, mother, mom, mum, husband, wife, son, daughter, uncIe, aunt, cousin （堂兄弟，堂姐妹；表兄弟，表姐 妹），nephew （侄子，

3、外甥），niece （侄女，甥女）brother, sister.3 .以頁色（16） red, white, brown, b I ack, ye I I ow, pink, b I ue, gray/grey, green, orange, purpIe, gold, Iight, dark, co Iored, co IourfuI4 . 職業(yè)（68） capta i n, cha i rman, cha i rwoman, f i sherman, postman, actor, doctor, educator, sa iI or, d i rector, hunter, Ieade

4、r, teacher, worker, driver, farmer, cleaner, pIayer, dancer, runner, s i nger, engi neer, i nterpreter, speaker, reporter, exp Iorer, server, gatekeeper, officer, headmaster, soldier, f i refighter, manager, programmer （節(jié) 目制作者）,programmer （程 序1殳計員），carver, gardener, painter, waiter, barber （理發(fā)師）， ph

5、otographer （攝影師）,p i I ot, police, mode I, nurse, servant, athIete, off i c i a I, boss, art i st, dent i st, journaIi st, scienti st, host, coach, astronaut, cIerk, secretary, voIunteer, musician, cook, pupil, student, principal, president, peasant, ass i stant, customer5 . 公共場所（35） schooI , zoo, p

6、ark, bedroom, I iving room, sitting room, cIassroom, waiting room, lab, schooI, home, I i brary, kitchen, doorbeI I, pIayground, hill, mounta i n, desert, forest, plain, bookshop/bookstore, bu iId i ng, bus stop, rai Iway/train station, cinema, hospitaI, market, museum, office, park, garden, post of

7、fice, shop/store, toilet6 . 動 詞 （37） 持 續(xù) 性 動 詞 I i ve, run, stay, c I ean, p I ay, ho I d, watch, teach, read, study, teach, eat, dr ink, wr ite, dance, sing, smoke 等。瞬間I生動詞 begin, arr i ve, borrow, buy, break, c Iose, come, fall, f in ish, go, I eave, lend, marry, reach, receive, open, sell, start,

8、 stop, take off 等7 . 動力勿（40） sheep, bear, ant, wo I f, I amb, horse, worm （蠕蟲），cat, chicken, dog, eIephant, lion, monkey, mouse, panda, pig, tiger, butterfIy, cow, duck, fox, goose, snake, came I, fIy, giraffe, hare, rabbit, tortoise, bird, hen, frog, bee, rabbit, dragon, fish, phoenix, turkey, inse

9、ct, whaIe.8 . 科目（14） Chinese, Math, English, Pol itics, Geography, History, Biology, Physics, Chemistry, Science, Art, Computer,. Music.9 . 天氣（20） rain, rainy; snow, snowy; wind, windy; sun, sunny; ice, icy; fog, foggy; cIoud, cIoudy; hot; cold; warm; dry; wet, coo I10 .疾病 co Id, cough, headache, ba

10、ckache, toothache, fever, fIu, sore throat, cancer, near-sighted11 .身體部位（31） hair, head, eye, ear, nose, mouth, tooth, neck, throat, face, shou I der, hand, arm, e I bow, I eg, foot, chest, finger, fingernai I, stomach, back, knee, lap, heart, Iung, bIood, bone, skin, toe, thumb, tongue.12 .交通工具（12）

11、bus, train, boat, ship, jeep, motorbike, plane, car, train, truck, bicycle, bike13 .生活用品（27） bag, basket, bed, brush, cha i r, cand I e, c I ock, cup, desk, fi replace, fr idge, glass, handbag, knife, I adder, key, I ight, line, mi r ror, pan, phone, p I ate, pot, tab I e, teapot, bowl, TV14 .情緒情感(9

12、) happy, sad, excited, t i red, bored, unhappy, angry, worr i ed, pI eased15 . 信 息 (22) computer, emai I, network, password,message,on Ii ne,enter, member,news, i nformat ion, article, wr it ing, text, passage, title, topic, idea, view, opinion, suggestion, question, weather report16 .水果 app I e, pe

13、ar, banana, strawberry, tomato, waterme I on, grape, orange17 .學(xué) 習(xí)用品(11) penci I-box, pen, penci I, eraser/rubber, schooI bag, i nk, notebook, book, knife, dictionary, ruI er18 .體育項目(8) basketbaI I, tennis, surfing, swimming, skating, tab Ie-tenni s, footbaII, ski ing19 . 不定 d弋i可(29) some (something

14、, somebody, someone), any (anything, anybody, anyone), no (nothing, nobody, no one),every (everything, everybody, everyone), all, each, both, much, many, (a) I ittle, (a) few, other (s), another, none, one, either, neither20 . 飲食（45） honey, biscuit, f I our, cheese, pie, cook i e, curry,por r i dge,

15、 coke （可 樂），pizza, pork, ham, butter, potato, tofu, salad, egg, honey, cocoa, sugar, sa It, ch i ps, candy, icecream, sandwich, bread, cake, chicken, fish, hamburger, noodIe, chocoI ate, dump I ing, beef, steak, Roast Duck, breakfast, I unch, supper/dinner, tea, dr ink, wine, water, d iet21 .世紀、年、月、

16、日（25） century, year, month, day, yesterday, the day before yesterday, today, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, morn i ng, afternoon, evening, night, midnight, January, February, March, Apr iI, May, June, Ju Iy, August, October, November, December.22 .星期（7） Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Fr id

17、ay, Saturday, Sunday.23 .四季及時刻（9） Spr i ng, Summer, Fa I I/Autumn, Wi nter, hour, quarter, minute, second,24方位（33） east, south, west, north, northeast, northwest, southwest, southeast, up, down, upon, between, among, under, bes ide, near, above, by, behind, before, r ight, I eft, cIose to, across fr

18、om, next to, i n the middle of, i n the center of, i n the front of, in front of, at the back of, on, at, i n25 .基數(shù)詞(31) 1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 e i ght 9 nine 10 ten 11 e I even 12 twe I ve 13 th i rteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 ninetee

19、n 20 twenty 30 th i rty 40 forty 50 fifty 60 s i xty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety 100 a hundred 1000 a thousand 1, 000, 000 a mi I I ion 10, 000, 000 ten mi I I ion 100, 000, 000 a hundred million 1, 000, 000, 000 a billion26 .序數(shù)詞(30) f i rst second th i rd fourth f i fth s i xth seventh eighth ni

20、nth tenth eIeventh tweIfth thi rteenth fourteenth s i xteenth seventeenth e i ghteenth n i neteenth twent i eth twenty-fi rst thi rtieth fort ieth fiftieth sixtieth sevent i eth e i ght i eth n i net i eth hundredth thousandth27 . 蔬 菜 (6) carrot tomato potato onion cabbage eggplant28 .國家，首都(32) Ch i

21、 na, Amer i ca, Austra I i a, Br i ta i n, Canada, England, France, Germany, India, Japan, London, New York, New Zea I and, Par i s, PRC. Russ i a, Sydeny, Tokyo, Toronto, Washington, the United States, the Un i ted Nat ions (聯(lián)合國， Macao, Mexico, Hong Kong, Egypt, Korea, Italy, Asia, Afr ica29 .民族/語言

22、(18) Chinese, Amer ican, AustraI ian, Canadian,Engli shman,Eng Ii shmen,Engl ish,French,Frenchman, Frenchmen, German, I nd ian, Japanese, Russian, Korean, ItaIian, As i an, Afr ican30 .材料（6） wood, cotton, silk, p I ast i c, meta I, glass,31 .不規(guī)則形容詞或副詞（28） good/we I I 好 better best ; bad/bad I y 壞 的

23、worse worst ;many/much 多（形容 不可數(shù) 名詞） more most ; I i tt Ie 少 I ess I east ;many 多 （形 容可數(shù)名詞）more most ;far farther farthest 遠（具體）;far further furthest 深 遠的（抽象），比如further education高等教育;old老，年紀較 長 oIder/eIder oIdest/eIdest32 .沒有比較和最高級的形容詞（12） empty , wrong , perfect , unique , extreme , exce I I ent , f

24、avour i te （GB） / favor i te （GA）, true , r ight , correct , extreme Iy33 .最常用的形容詞（36） smaII ; big ; hungry; full; little; high; short; tall; Iong; oId （老的，舊的）；new; young; beaut ifu I ; nice; ear Iy; I ate; r i ght ; wrong; busy; free; Iazy; bored; heavy;I ight; blind ;special （特別的）;kind （善良的）;happy

25、; sad; fast; fun （有趣的）；scary （嚇人的）；different （不同的）；the same （同樣的）;round （圓的）;great （偉 大的），cheap; expensi ve初中英語重要詞組1 （see > hear notice > find 、 fee I、I i sten to、 I ook at （感 官動詞）+do eg: I I ike watching monkeys jump2 （比較級and比較級）表示越來越怎么樣3 a p i ece of cake =easy小菜一碟（容易）4 agree with sb.贅成某人5 a

26、ll kinds of各種各樣 a k i nd of 一樣6 a I I over the wor I d = the who I e wor I d 整個世界7 a I ong with 同一道，伴隨eg : I will go a I ong w i thyou我將和你一起去the students planted trees a Iong with thei r teachers 學(xué) 生同老師們一起種樹8 As soon as 一怎么樣就怎 么樣9 as you can see你是知道的10 ask for 求助 向要（直接接想要的東西）11 ask sb for sth 向某人什 么

27、12 ask sb to do sth 詢問某 人某事ask sb not todo 叫某人不要做某事13 at the age of 在歲時14 at the beginningof 的起初；的開始15 at the end of + 地點/+時間24 be angry with （at） sb for最后；盡頭；末尾16 at this time of year每年的這個時候doingsth 為什么而生某人的25 be as原級as和什么一17 be /feeI confident of sth/that cIause + 從句 感覺/樣 eg : She i s as ta I I as

28、 me她和我一樣高對什么有信心，自信26 be ashamed to34 be famous for 以著名18 be + doing 表：1現(xiàn)在進 行時2將來時19 be ab I e to （+ v 原）=can （+V原） 能夠21 be afra i d to do （of sth 恐懼，害怕22 be a I I owed to do 被允許 做什么23 be angry with sb 生某人 的氣27 be away from 遠離28 be away from從離開29 be bad for 對什么有害30 be born 出生于31 be busy doing sth 忙于做

29、 什么事 be busy with sth 忙于32 be carefuI 當(dāng)心；小心33 be d i fferent from 和什么不一樣35 be f r i end I y to sb 對某 人友好36 be from = come from 來自37 be ful I of 裝滿的 befi I led with 充滿 eg: the glass is fulI of water the glass is filled with water38 be g I ad+to+do/從句39 be going to + v(原) 將 來時40 be good at (+doing) =

30、do we I Iin在某方面善長，善于41 be good for 對什么有好處42 be happy to do 很高興 做某事43 be he I pfu I to sb 對某人 有好處44 be i n good heaI th 身 體健康45 be i n troub I e 處于困難 中46 be interested in 對某方 面感興趣47 be I ate for = come I ate to 遲至eg: Be I ate for c I ass 上課遲到48 be I ike 像 eg :I'm like my mother49 be mad at生某人的氣50

31、 be made from 由制成（制成以后看不見原材料）51 be made of 由制成（制成以后還看得見原材料）52 be not sure表不確定 53 be on a visit to 參觀54 be popuI ar with sb受某 64 be supposed to do被要人歡迎求干什么55 be quiet 安靜65 be sure表確定69 be sure to do sth一定會做56 be short for 表*的縮寫 eg:陶 is short for 陶俊杰57 be sick in bed生病在床58 be sorry to do sth be sorry

32、for sbeg : I amsorry for you59 be sorry to hear that60 be sorry to troubIe sb61 be str ict in doing sth 嚴于做某事62 be strict with sb 對某 人要求嚴格63 be str ict with sb i n sth 某方面對某人嚴格66 be sure of doing sth 對做 某事有信心67 be sure of sth 對做某事 有信心68 be sure that sth 對做某 事有信心某事 We are sure to I earnEngl i sh we I

33、 I我們一定能學(xué)好英70 be terr if ied of + 名/動doing 害怕71 be terr i f ied to do sth害怕做某事72 be the same as 和什 startwith=beginwith么一樣以什么開始什么73 be used to doing sth 習(xí)慣 做某事 My father is used to getting up ear ly 我爸爸習(xí)慣 早74 be worth doing 值得做什 么75 be (feeI) afraid to do sth 害 怕做某事be afraid of sth害怕 某物be afra i d tha

34、t叢句76 because+句子 because of + 短語78 betweenand兩者之間79 borrow sth from sb 向借 I end sth to sb(I end sb sth 借給什么東西80 both = the same(as)二 not different (from) 表相同81 bother 打擾 bother sbto do stheg : I'm sorry to botheryou , but can you te I I me to wayeg : He was late because he hadto the stat i ona h

35、eadache He wasbecause of hi s headache77 begin to do = start to doI ate我十分道歉打擾你，但是你能告訴我怎么去車站開82 by the end of事隨著跳舞83 caI I sb sth eg : We call 92 dance tohim oId wang85 catch up with sb 趕上某 人86 chat with sb 和某人閑談 take sb to +地點 帶某人去 某地87 come i n 進88 come over to過來89 come up with 提出 eg:93 decide to

36、do sth 決定做某 事94 do a survey of 做某方面 的調(diào)查95 do better in 在方面做得更好96 do wrong 做錯97 Don' t forget to do sth 不 要忘了做某事Can you come up with a good idea你能想出一個好辦法嗎98 Don*t mind +doing /從句名詞不要介意90 communicate with sb 和某人 交流91 cons i der + doing 考慮做 什么 eg : Why not cons i der going to Iu zhou 為什么不考 慮去瀘州99 e

37、ach +名（單）每一個eg : Each student has many books 每一個學(xué)生都有一些書100 end up +doi ng101 enjoy +doing 喜歡102 escape from 從逃跑103 expect to do sth期待做112 fromto從某某到某某某事eg: From me for her118 get sb in to troubIe 給某人帶來麻煩104 fall down 摔下來 fall off從哪摔下來105 fall in Iove with sb /sth 愛上什么106 far from 離某地遠107 find +it +a

38、dj +to do 發(fā)現(xiàn) 做某事怎么樣108 find sb/sth +adj 發(fā)現(xiàn)什么 怎么樣 eg : I find the book i nterest i ng109 finish 完成+doing （名詞）110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 適合某人111 forget to do沒有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了113 get /have sth down 做完， 被（別人）做eg: I have my hai r cut我理了發(fā)（頭發(fā)被剪了）Tom got h i s bad tooth pul led out 湯母把他的 壞牙拔掉了（被

39、牙醫(yī)拔掉了）114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job115 get a Iong we I I with sb = get on we I I with sb 與某人相處 得好116 get a Iong with sb = get on with sb與某人相處117 get ready for = be ready for 為什么而準備120 getfrom從某處得到某128 hate to do 討厭沒做過的135 have to do sth 必須做某事物121 give a talk 做報告122 give sth to sb giv

40、e sb sth 給某人某物123 go f i sh 釣魚 go swimming 游泳124 go on to do 去做下一件 事 go on doing 繼續(xù)做這件 事125 go out away from 遠離 go out of 從.離開126 go to schooI上學(xué)（用于專 業(yè)的）go to the school去學(xué)校 （不一定是上學(xué)）127 good way to 好方法事 hate doing 討厭做 過的事129 have a party for sb 舉 辦誰的晚會130 have a talk 聽報告 談一談131 have been do i ng 現(xiàn)在完成

41、進行時132 have been to （ 地 方）去過某過地方have goneto（地方） 去了某地還沒 回來133 have fun +do i ng玩得高興134 have sth to do有什么事要做136 have trouble (probIem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻煩137 havetime +doing138 have* (時間)-off 放假 139 hear sb+do/doing 聽見某人做某事/ 正在做某事140 help a lot 很大用處141 help sb with sth one' s sth 幫助某人某事(某方面) h

42、elp sb (to) do sth 幫助某人做某 事142 hope to do sth 希望做 某事143 How about (+doi ng) = What about (+doi ng)144 how do you I ike = what do you think of你對什么的看法145 if :是否=whethereg: I don't know i f (whether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否應(yīng)該去 參加晚會He don't know i f (whether) we wi I I arrive on time to

43、morrow morn i ng 他不知道我們明天早 上是否能準時到達146 if :如果，假如(全部接一 般時態(tài))+條件語態(tài)從句eg:I'll go to Lu Zhoui f i t doesn' t ra i n 假如明天 不下雨，我就去瀘州If they change the p I an they will I et me know 假 如他們要改變計劃，他們會讓我 知道的I'll go to England , if I have enough money next year 如果 我明年由足夠的錢，我就要去英 國147 in one1 s opinion

44、= sb think 某人認為148 in some ways 在某些方 面149 in the end = finally （adv） 最后150 i n the north of , 什么 在什么的北方 （north北 south 南 west 西 east 東）151 i n the sun 在太陽下152 i ncrease 增加eg : They1ve i ncreased the pr ice of petroI by 3%153 i nstead of + （名）代 替eg: I 1 d like an appIe instead of a pear 我想要蘋 果，而不要梨子15

45、4 introduce sb to sb 介 紹某人給某人 i ntroduce onese I f 自我介紹155 invite sb to do sth 邀 請某人做某事156 It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少時 間eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework It takes me ha If an hour to cook他們把石油價增加了 3%157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth 對某人來說做某事怎么樣158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎

46、么樣159 It's +adj for sb 對于 某人來說怎么樣 It's +ad j of sb 對某人來說 太怎么樣160 It's +adj (for sb) to do (對 某人來說)做某事怎么樣 It's +adj of sb to do sth 對 某人來說做某事太怎么樣eg : It's nice of you to he Ip me with my Eng Ii sh161 11' s a good i dea for sb to do sth 對 來說是個好 主意162 It's important to sb 對某

47、 人來說很重要 eg: It's important to me163 It's time to do sth It's time for sth 到 了該去 做某事的時間eg : It's time to have cI assIt's t ime forc I ass 該去上課了164 join = take part in 參 加165 just now 剛才166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介詞 短語 讓什么保持什么樣167 keep out 不讓進入168 keep sb adj 讓保持 keep hea I thy 保持健康16

48、9 key to +名詞 表示：某 物的鑰匙或某題的答案170 key toto以是答題或鑰匙answer 179 look after = take care ofkey 可照顧照看180 I ose one1 s way 誰迷171 Iaugh at取笑 路方 居住在某地172 I earn by onese I f 自學(xué)173 I earn from sb 向某人學(xué) 習(xí)174 I earn to do sth 學(xué)做某 事175 I et sb do sth 讓某人做 某事176 Let sb down 讓某人失望 eg : We shouldn* t I et our parents d

49、own 我們不應(yīng)該讓我 們的父母失望177 I ive from :離某地遠178 I i ve in +大地方/at +小地181 make a decision to do sth 決定做某事182 make fr iends with sb 和 誰成為朋友 eg : I want to make frlends with you183 make i t ear I y 把時間定 的早一點184 make on exhibition of onese I f 讓某人出洋相185 make sb /n +n 使什么成 為什么 eg : I made her my step motherI m

50、adeyou my wife186 make sb /sth +adj 使某人（某物）怎么樣 eg :must made your bed cIean187 make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么樣188 make sb do sth 讓某人做某事189 make up be made up of（被動語態(tài)）由組成190 maked ifference191 mind sb to do mindone' s doing 介意做什么192 most + 名most of +代193 much too + 形容詞194 must be 一定195 need +名詞196 nee

51、d sb do sth 需要You某人做某事197 need to do （實義動詞） need do （情態(tài)動詞）198 no /neither of hate to do no /neither of hate doing199 no +名詞200 not anymore = no more 再也不 eg: He didn'tcry any more201 not（形、副）at all eg: He1s not taI I at a I I she doesn11 jump far at a I I202 notat a I I 一點都不203 noteither 表否定，也 不

52、eg : I don't Japanese either I don11 have sister, either我也沒有姐姐204 notunt i I212 one of +可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形到才205 offer / provide sb with sth213 one to another 一個到另一個給某人提供206 offer sb sth ( offer sth to214 over and over aga i nsb提供什么東西給某人遍又一遍的eg : He c I eanedeg : I offer you water (I offerthe fIoor over an

53、d over aginwater to you 我給你提供水215 part-timejob 兼職工作207 on one* s way to在誰千a I I-time job全職工作去那的路上216pay for*208 onthe one hand一方面paythe bill開錢，付錢on theother hand另一方217pI ease +do218pI ease he Ip yourseIf209 onthe phone =over thephone用電話交談219p I eased with sb210 ontime準時in time220poo I i nto = pour i

54、 nto及時221pract i ce +do i ngsomeday一天，有一天211 one day = some day做某事222 prefer sth to sth 相 對更喜歡 eg : I prefer physics to chemistry 在物理和化學(xué)中，我更喜歡物理prefer sb not to do sth 更 愿意 eg: I prefer her not to come 我不喜歡她不來223 pretend to do sth 裝著 去做什么 pretend that 從 句eg : The two cheats pretended to be work i ng

55、 very hard 這兩個騙子裝著努力工 作224 ratherthan 寧可也 不eg : I wouId rather be a doctor than a teacher 我愿 肯當(dāng)醫(yī)生，也不當(dāng)老師225 regardas 才巴當(dāng)作 I regard you as myfriend 我把你當(dāng)作我的朋友226 remind sb about sth 提 醒某人什么事 remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事eg : he reminds me about cooking (he reminds me to cook 他提醒我做飯227 remind sb of sth 使某

56、人想 起什么the words that (wh i ch) the teacher taIk to remind me of my mother228 return sth to sb 還什么 東西給某人229 say to onese I f 對自己 說231 sb spend some money on sth 花了多少錢在某事上232 sb spend some time with sb 花了多少時間陪誰233 sb spend some t i me (i n) doing sth 花了多少時間做某 事234 sb with sb +is sb and sb +are235 see