精品解析：2019年上海市春季高考英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

1、2019年全國(guó)普通高等學(xué)校招生統(tǒng)一考試上海一考英語(yǔ)試卷考生注意：1. 考試時(shí)間120分鐘，試卷滿分150分2. 本考試設(shè)試卷和答題紙兩部分。試卷分為第卷（第1-12頁(yè)）和第卷（第13頁(yè)），全卷共13頁(yè)。所有答題必須涂（選擇題）或?qū)懀ǚ沁x擇題）在答題紙上，做在試卷上一律不得分。3. 答題前，務(wù)必在答題紙上填寫(xiě)準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)和姓名，并將核對(duì)后的條形碼貼在指定位置上，在答題紙反面清楚地填寫(xiě)姓名。第卷（共100分）.ListeningSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two spe

2、akers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the qu

3、estion you have heard.1. A. In a church. B. In the mans home. C. In a restaurant. D. In a furniture store2. A. She was excited.B. She was very nervous.C. She was very confident.D. There was something wrong with her heart.3. A. She is full. B. She doesnt like that snack barC. She is ill. D. She is go

4、ing to see the doctor.4. A. 150 pounds. B. 110 pounds. C. 50 pounds. D. 100 pound.5. A. He couldnt spell the words. B. He did well in spelling.C. He reckoned that it was hard to say. D. He didnt do well in contest.6. A. Concerned. B. Satisfied. C. Relaxed. D. Depressed7. A. They are talking about a

5、fitness coach.B. They are discussing about the former firm.C. They are talking about their former colleague.D. They are talking about their friends school.8. A. Young people werent satisfied with the lecture.B. The lecture was very successful.C. Drinking water was banned in the lecture.D. The lectur

6、e made people feel thirsty.9. A. The boss. B. Tom. C. The woman. D. The man.10. A. He already has one calculator.B. He doesnt like the solar-powered calculator.C. He is good at calculating.D. He would like lo have a different present.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and

7、one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best

8、answer to the question you have heard.Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 1938. B. 1939. C. 1942. D. 1948.12. A. Because most Australians couldnt afford it.B. Because the war broke out.C. Because the flying boats were out of dated.D. Because land-based aircraft had devel

9、oped rapidly.13. A. The price of flying boats.B. The development of Rose Bay.C. The surprising history of flying boats.D. The advancement of flying boats.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. They have various skills. B. They are well organized.C. They can solve difficult

10、problems. D. They have creative ideas.15. A. Disorderliness might result in creativity.B. Creativity might lead to messiness.C. Smarter people believe that cleanliness is not important.D. Messiness helps cultivate creativity.16. A. The qualities of intelligent people.B. The misunderstanding of creat

11、ivity.C. The relationship between creativity and messiness.D. The components of creativity.Question 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. A new research into the human brain.B. The advantages of men and women.C. The different connections in brain in men and women.D. The study

12、on two sides of the brain.18. A. In mens brains, there are stronger connections in two sides of the brain.B. In mens brains, there are stronger connections in each half of the brain.C. The connections in mens brain are not so strong as those in womens brain.D. There is nothing different between male

13、 and female brain.19. A. Multitask. B. Map reading. C. Cycling. D. Performing a single task.20. A. The different-connection theory is not convincing.B. He holds a neutral attitude to the research findings.C. The connections inside the brain will not change immediately.D. He disagrees with the new fi

14、ndings and thinks the connection inside the brain is complex and changeable. Grammar VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of

15、 the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Start with the end and work backwardsWhen Jason Hoelscher was an undergraduate of fine art studies, there werent any professional development classes. So ambition and the timely realization _1_ he would have to determine “

16、whats next” on his own urged Jason to engage his future self to find direction. It was 1996, and he was finishing his BFA (Bachelor of Fine Art) in Denver. He was faced with the choice of sitting back to wait for something _2_ (happen), or pursuing a path into the unknown. He chose the latter.Jason

17、set up a plan that in five years he _3_ (show) his work in the top gallery in that area of the country. This five-year goal gave him a starting point _4_ which to work backwards.By setting the goal, all of Jasons efforts _5_ (point) in the same direction. He showed up at different art show openings,

18、 and researched as best he could to make _6_ familiar with the market environment.As a result of showing up, Jason took opportunities _7_ got him closer to his goal. He sent work to a student show and was accepted by Robin Rule, the owner of Rule Gallery. _8_ (inspire), Jason spent the next month ma

19、king new work.In April of 1997, Jason went back to Rule Gallery with his new work. _9_ scared to death, he looked confident at the gallery meeting. When he left, he left as the newest addition to the rule gallery roster (花名冊(cè)). He had his first exhibition there one year later.Jason could have stopped

20、 with the show selection, but what he really wanted was gallery representation. He struck while the iron was hot, and in _10_ (do) so, shortened his five-year plan into a year-and-a-half.【答案】1. that 2. to happen 3. would show 4. from 5. pointed 6. himself 7. and 8. Inspired 9. Although 10. doing【解析】

21、本文屬于記敘文，介紹Jason Hoelscher為自己設(shè)定一個(gè)五年目標(biāo)，不斷努力，最終用一年半就實(shí)現(xiàn)了。【1題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：他自己決定自己要做什么的雄心和及時(shí)覺(jué)悟督促他自己找到未來(lái)的方向。分析句子可知，he would have to determine “whats next” on his own為限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞So ambition and the timely realization，從句缺乏have 的賓語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系代詞that或者which?！?題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他面臨兩個(gè)選擇，第一個(gè)坐著等待事情的發(fā)生，另一個(gè)選擇就是去探索未知的路。分析句子可知

22、，happen作后置定語(yǔ)修飾something，故用不定式to happen?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：他給自己設(shè)定了一個(gè)目標(biāo)，用五年的時(shí)間，他要讓他自己的作品在全國(guó)頂尖藝術(shù)館里被展出。分析句子可知，本句缺乏謂語(yǔ)，show與he為主謂關(guān)系，故用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，由于陳述過(guò)去的計(jì)劃和打算，故用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，綜述用would show?！?題詳解】考查介詞。句意：這個(gè)五年時(shí)間的目標(biāo)給了他一個(gè)起點(diǎn)，他可以從這個(gè)起點(diǎn)反向努力。分析句子可知，which to work backwards為定語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)修飾先行詞starting point，從句缺乏介詞，根據(jù)先行詞，故用介詞from?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)

23、詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：通過(guò)設(shè)定目標(biāo)，他的所有努力能向著同一個(gè)方向。分析句子可知，本句缺乏謂語(yǔ)，point與主語(yǔ)efforts為主謂關(guān)系，故用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，陳述過(guò)去事情，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)pointed?！?題詳解】考查反身代詞。句意：他會(huì)出現(xiàn)在各個(gè)藝術(shù)展覽開(kāi)幕式，盡可能做研究來(lái)讓自己熟悉市場(chǎng)環(huán)境。分析句子可知，本句缺乏賓語(yǔ)，由于主語(yǔ)為he，賓語(yǔ)與主語(yǔ)為同一人稱，故賓語(yǔ)用反身代詞himself?！?題詳解】考查連詞。句意：由于經(jīng)常露面，他抓住所有機(jī)會(huì)，朝著自己的目標(biāo)不斷前進(jìn)。分析句子可知，took opportunities和got him closer都是句子謂語(yǔ)，為并列關(guān)系，故用并列連詞and。【8題

24、詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：深受啟發(fā)，他花了一個(gè)月時(shí)間來(lái)創(chuàng)作新的作品。分析句子可知，inspire作狀語(yǔ)修飾he，與其屬于動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞形式Inspired?！?題詳解】考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：盡管害怕的要死，但是在展覽會(huì)上他看起來(lái)信心滿滿。分析句子可知，前后句屬于轉(zhuǎn)折讓步關(guān)系，故用連詞Although?！?0題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他趁熱打鐵，通過(guò)這樣做，把五年的目標(biāo)用一年半的時(shí)間就實(shí)現(xiàn)了。in為介詞后接動(dòng)詞ing形式，故用doing。Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the

25、 box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Bill Drayton believes were in the middle of a necessary but painful historical transition. For millenniums most peoples lives had a certain _11_. You went to school to learn a trade or a skill-baking, farming or ac

26、counting. Then you could go into the workforce and make a good living repeating the same skill over the course of your career.But these days machines can do pretty much anything thats _12_. The new world requires a different sort of person. Drayton calls this new sort of personal changemaker.Changem

27、akers are people who can see the patterns around them, identify the problems in any situation, figure out ways to solve the problems in any situation, figure out ways to solve the problem, organize fluid teams, lead collective action and then _13_ adapt as situations change.For example, Ashoka fello

28、w Andrés Gallardo is a Mexican who lived in a high crime neighborhood. He created an app, called Haus, that allows people to _14_ with their neighbors. The app has a panic button that _15_ everybody in the neighborhood when a crime is happening. It allows neighbors to organize, chat, share crim

29、e statistics and work together.To form and lead this community of communities, Gallardo had to possess what Drayton calls “cognitive empathy-based living for the good of all.” Congnitive empathy is the ability to perceive how people are feeling in _16_ circumstances. “For the good of all” is the cap

30、acity to build teams.It doesnt matter if you are working in the cafeteria or the inspection line of a plant, companies will now only hire people who can _17_ problems and organize responses.Millions of people already live with the mind-set. But a lot of people still inhabit the world of following ru

31、les and repetitive skills. They hear society telling them: We dont need you. We dont need your kids, either.” Of course, those people go into reactionary mode and strike back.The central _18_ of our time, Drayton says, is to make everyone a changemaker. In an earlier era, he says, society realized i

32、t needed universal _19_. Today, schools have to develop the curriculums and assessments to make the changemaking mentality universal. They have to understand this is their criteria for success.Ashoka has studied social movements to find out how this kind of _20_ shift can be promoted. It turns out t

33、hat successful movements take similar steps.【答案】11. D 12. A 13. B 14. H 15. C 16. I 17. E 18. G 19. K 20. F【解析】本文屬于議論文，現(xiàn)在機(jī)器幾乎可以做任何事情。新世界需要不同類(lèi)型的人。德雷頓稱這種新類(lèi)型的人是變革者。11題詳解】考查名詞。句意：幾千年以來(lái)，大多數(shù)人的生活都有一個(gè)特定的模式。根據(jù)后一句You went to school to learn a trade or a skill-baking, farming or accounting. Then you could go i

34、nto the workforce and make a good living repeating the same skill over the course of your career.可知，去學(xué)校學(xué)商業(yè)或者學(xué)習(xí)一門(mén)技術(shù)，然后利用這門(mén)技術(shù)來(lái)過(guò)上幸福生活，故可以推出大部分的生活都有一定的模式，故選pattern（模式），故選D?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：但是如今機(jī)器可以作所有重復(fù)性的事情。根據(jù)后文可知，現(xiàn)代社會(huì)需要的是能夠解決問(wèn)題，組建一個(gè)流暢的團(tuán)隊(duì)，因而可以得出，機(jī)器可以取代人類(lèi)做重復(fù)性的事情，故用repetitive（重復(fù)性的），故選A?！?3題詳解】考查副詞。句意：變革者就是

35、那些能夠看清自己周?chē)哪Ｊ?，識(shí)別存在的問(wèn)題，找到解決問(wèn)題的辦法，組建一個(gè)流利的團(tuán)隊(duì)，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體性行動(dòng)，以及不斷適應(yīng)不斷改變的環(huán)境。根據(jù)本句adapt as situations change可知，變革者需要不斷適應(yīng)環(huán)境，故用continually，故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：他制作了一個(gè)軟件叫Haus，能夠把鄰居組成一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。根據(jù)后文It allows neighbors to organize, chat, share crime statistics and work together可知，這個(gè)軟件可以把鄰居聯(lián)系在一起，故用network（組建網(wǎng)絡(luò)），故選H?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞

36、。句意：這個(gè)軟件有一個(gè)緊急按鈕，當(dāng)有犯罪行為發(fā)生的時(shí)候，按了按鈕之后就能夠及時(shí)提醒鄰居。分析句子可知，本句講述app的作用，故用alerts（警示）, 故選C。【16題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：認(rèn)知移情就是理解人們?cè)诓粩噙M(jìn)化的環(huán)境中感受的能力。分析文章可知，本文講述隨著時(shí)代的發(fā)展，我們需要的人才和能力也是不同的，因而選evolving（進(jìn)化的），故選I。【17題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：如果你現(xiàn)在在自助餐廳或者電站的檢測(cè)線上工作，沒(méi)關(guān)系，因?yàn)檫@些公司以后只會(huì)雇傭那些能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題和解決問(wèn)題的人。根據(jù)文章The new world requires a different sort of person.

37、 Drayton calls this new sort of personal changemaker.可知，現(xiàn)在社會(huì)需要的是能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)和解決問(wèn)題的人，故用locate（定位），故選E?！?8題詳解】考查名詞。句意：Drayton說(shuō)，我們這個(gè)時(shí)代最主要的挑戰(zhàn)就是讓每個(gè)人都成為變革者。根據(jù)后文Today, schools have to develop the curriculums and assessments to make the changemaking mentality universal. They have to understand this is their criteri

38、a for success.可知，學(xué)校需要做出改變來(lái)培養(yǎng)變革者，這也是很大的挑戰(zhàn)，故選G?！?9題詳解】考查名詞。句意：他說(shuō)，在早期時(shí)代，社會(huì)意識(shí)到大家都必需要具備讀寫(xiě)能力。根據(jù)后文Today, schools have to develop the curriculums and assessments to make the changemaking mentality universal.可知，學(xué)校必須做出改變，故選literacy（讀寫(xiě)能力），故選K?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：Ashoka研究了社會(huì)變革來(lái)找出怎樣才能促進(jìn)這種精神轉(zhuǎn)變。根據(jù)前文可知，本文主要講述人們意識(shí)的改變，故用

39、mental，故選F。. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the work or phrase that best fits the context.More people are travelling than ever before, and lower harriers to entry and fal

40、ling costs means they are doing so for _21_ periods.The rise of “city breaks” -48-hour bursts of foreign cultures, easier on the pocket and annual leave balance has increased tourist numbers, but not their _22_ spread. The same attractions have been used to market cities such as Paris, Barcelona and

41、 Venice for decades, and visitors use the same infrastructure as residents to reach them. “Too many people do the same thing at the exact same time,” says Font. “For _23_, the city no longer belongs to them.”This starts with marketing, says Font, who notes that Amsterdam has started advising visitor

42、s to seek _24_ outside of the city centre on its official website. “That takes some balls, really to do that. But only so many people will look at the website, and it means they can say to their residents theyre doing all they can to ease congestion.”But it also _25_ a better way, it is called “deto

43、urism”: sustainable travel tips an _26_ itineraries for exploring an authentic Venice, off the paths beaten by the 28 million visitors who flock there each year.A greater variety of _27_ for prospective visitors - ideas for what to do in off-peak seasons, for example, or outside of the city center -

44、 can have the effect of diverting them from already saturated landmarks, or _28_ short breaks away in the first place. Longer stays _29_ the pressure, says Font. If you go to Paris for two days, youre going to go to the Eiffel Tower. “If you go for two weeks, youre not going to go to the Eiffel Towe

45、r 14 times.”Similarly, repeat visitors have a better sense of the _30_, “We should be asking how we get tourists to _31_, not how to get them to come for the first time. If theyre coming for the fifth time, it is much easier to integrate their behavior with ours.”Local governments can foster this su

46、stainable activity by giving preference to responsible operator and even high-paying consumers. Font says cities could stand to be more selective about the tourists they try to attract when the current metric for marketing success is how many there are, and how far theyve come. “Youre thinking, yeah

47、 but at what cost.”He points to unpublished data from the Barcelona Tourist Board that prioritizes Japanese tourists for spending an average of 40 more per day than French tourist as a(n) _32_ that fails to take into account their bigger carbon footprint. _33_ tourists are also more likely to be rep

48、eat visitors that come at off-peak times, buy local produce, and _34_ to less crowded parts of the city - all productive steps towards more _35_ tourism, and more peaceful relations with residents.21. A. longerB. shorterC. widerD. clearer22. A. environmentalB. nationalC. economicD. geographic23. A.

49、localsB. touristsC. visitorsD. cleaners24. A. transportsB. accommodationC. restaurantsD. service25. A. addressesB. pavesC. proposesD. receives26. A. separateB. individualC. alternativeD. objective27. A. reformB. guidanceC. invitationD. support28. A. convincingB. discouragingC. preventingD. resisting

50、29. A. paceB. escapeC. withstandD. ease30. A. cultureB. knowledgeC. entertainmentD. ability31. A. take overB. bring upC. come backD. lay off32. A. distinctionB. harmonyC. associationD. comparison33. A. FrenchB. ItalianC. SpanishD. German34. A. carry outB. give intoC. spread outD. impact on35. A. sli

51、ghtB. complexC. temporaryD. sustainable【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D【解析】本文屬于議論文，旅游的發(fā)展，雖然促進(jìn)了當(dāng)?shù)氐慕?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，但從另外一個(gè)方面影響到了當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦纳钜约案鞣N基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，如何保證旅游業(yè)的長(zhǎng)久發(fā)展是擺在人們面前的一大問(wèn)題?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：更多的人旅游的更頻繁，因?yàn)槿ヒ粋€(gè)國(guó)家的障礙更少，費(fèi)用更低，這就意味著游客在一個(gè)地方旅游的時(shí)間越來(lái)越短。A. longer 更長(zhǎng)的

52、；B. shorter 更短的；C. wider更寬的；D. clearer更干凈的。根據(jù)本句人們旅游更頻繁，呆的時(shí)間越來(lái)越短，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：城市假期的興起，48小時(shí)快速了解外國(guó)文化的興起，金錢(qián)和年假更匹配，這些都導(dǎo)致游客人數(shù)上漲，但是游客目的地地理范圍沒(méi)有相應(yīng)的擴(kuò)展。A. environmental環(huán)境的；B. national國(guó)家的；C. economic經(jīng)濟(jì)的； D. geographic地理的。根據(jù)文章可知，本文講述旅游興起帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題，故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)于當(dāng)?shù)厝藖?lái)說(shuō)，城市已經(jīng)不屬于他們了。A. locals當(dāng)?shù)厝?；B. t

53、ourists游客；C. visitors參觀者；D. cleaners清潔工。根據(jù)文章可知，本文講述旅游對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)氐臎_擊，故選A。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Font說(shuō)到，這需要從市場(chǎng)廣告做起，阿姆斯特丹就在其旅游官網(wǎng)上建議游客到郊區(qū)尋找食宿地方。A. transports交通；B. accommodation食宿；C. restaurants餐廳；D. service服務(wù)。根據(jù)文章可知，本文提供了一些解決辦法，故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是也建議了一種更好的方式，叫錯(cuò)峰旅游，一種可持續(xù)的旅游方式，即避開(kāi)游客大量集中的旅游景點(diǎn)，去探索真正的威尼斯。A. addres

54、ses做演講，處理；B. paves鋪路；C. proposes建議；D. receives收到。根據(jù)本句可知，還有另外一種方式來(lái)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，故選C?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是也建議了一種更好的方式，叫錯(cuò)峰旅游，一種可持續(xù)的旅游方式，即避開(kāi)游客大量集中的旅游景點(diǎn)，去探索真正的威尼斯。A. separate分開(kāi)的；B. individual個(gè)人的；C. alternative可替代性的；D. objective客觀的。根據(jù)本句off the paths beaten by the 28 million visitors who flock there each year可知，

55、為游客提供一些人少的路線，故選C?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)游客進(jìn)行廣泛指導(dǎo)也可以引導(dǎo)他們不去人滿為患的景點(diǎn)，打消他們短期旅行的想法。A. reform改革；B. guidance指導(dǎo)；C. invitation邀請(qǐng)；D. support支持。根據(jù)文章可知，本段講述對(duì)游客進(jìn)行指導(dǎo)，實(shí)現(xiàn)游客分流，故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)游客進(jìn)行廣泛指導(dǎo)也可以引導(dǎo)他們不去人滿為患的景點(diǎn)，打消他們短期旅行的想法。A. convincing說(shuō)服；B. discouraging打消積極性；C. preventing阻止；D. resisting抵抗。根據(jù)文章可知，本段講述對(duì)游客進(jìn)行

56、指導(dǎo)，實(shí)現(xiàn)游客分流，合理規(guī)劃自己的旅行計(jì)劃，故選B【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在一個(gè)地方逗留時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)能夠緩解一定壓力。A. pace踱步走；B. escape逃跑；C. withstand抵抗；D. ease緩解。根據(jù)后文If you go to Paris for two days, youre going to go to the Eiffel Tower. “If you go for two weeks, youre not going to go to the Eiffel Tower 14 times.”可知，在一個(gè)地方逗留時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)能夠緩解當(dāng)?shù)氐膲毫?，故選D?！?0題詳解

57、】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：再次去的游客有更好的文化意識(shí)，我應(yīng)該考慮怎樣讓游客再來(lái)這個(gè)地方旅游，而不是來(lái)第一次就不來(lái)了。A. culture 文化；B. knowledge知識(shí)；C. entertainment娛樂(lè)；D. ability能力。根據(jù)后文If theyre coming for the fifth time, it is much easier to integrate their behavior with ours.可知，多次去同一個(gè)地方旅游的游客能夠更好地融入當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕?，故選A。31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：再次去的游客有更好的文化意識(shí)，我應(yīng)該考慮怎樣讓游客再來(lái)這個(gè)地方旅游，而不是來(lái)第一次就不來(lái)了。A. take over接管；B. b