初中英語(yǔ)倒裝句講解

1、真誠(chéng)為您提供優(yōu)質(zhì)參考資料，若有不當(dāng)之處，請(qǐng)指正。初中英語(yǔ)倒裝句 英語(yǔ)句子通常有兩種語(yǔ)序:一種主語(yǔ)在前,謂語(yǔ)在后,稱(chēng)為自然語(yǔ)序,另一種謂語(yǔ)在前,主語(yǔ)在后,稱(chēng)為倒裝語(yǔ)序，按“主語(yǔ)+ 謂語(yǔ)” 這種順序排列的句子是陳述語(yǔ)序。如果排列順序變?yōu)椤爸^語(yǔ)（ 或謂語(yǔ)一部分）+主語(yǔ)”，就是倒裝。之所以出現(xiàn)倒裝，一方面是因?yàn)檎Z(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的需要，另一方面為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，有時(shí)兩種原因兼有之。倒裝句分為部分倒裝和全部倒裝。以下就分別講述這兩種倒裝的用法。如果遇到一句，不知道使用全部倒裝還是部分倒裝的話，我們主要主要看其標(biāo)志性的詞語(yǔ)。一、部分倒裝就是把謂語(yǔ)中的be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞置于主語(yǔ)前面。常見(jiàn)于下列幾種情況：(一). on

2、ly所修飾的副詞，介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句放在句首時(shí)，要用： only+ 狀語(yǔ)+ be /助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)及其他Only when he told me the news did I know what had happened.Only in this way can you make progress in your English.Only through education can we rise in the world.注意：only修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí)，不需要倒裝。1. Only in this way _to make improvement in the operating syste

3、m. A. you can hope B. you did hope C. can you hope D. did you hope2Among all the people, only you know the truth.(二).含有否定意義的副詞或連詞放在句首時(shí)。如：never, little, seldom, not, not only, not until，no sooner (than)， hardly (when)， rarely， scarcely，in no way等。We seldom get up at four in the morning.= Seldom do we

4、 get up at four in the morning.(1) hardlywhen；scarcelywhen；no soonerthan 可以用正常語(yǔ)序 had hardly done when did 或用倒裝句式Hardly had + 主語(yǔ)+ done when did 句式。hardly所在的句子用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。& The bell hardly had rung when the class began. = Hardly had the bell rung when the class began.& No sooner had he arrived in Beijing t

5、han he began to work.(2) not only but also 如連接兩個(gè)成分時(shí)，不用倒裝；連接句子時(shí)， 前面的句子要用倒裝。Not only was everything that he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship.Not only is he busy，but also I have a lot of work to do.Not only does he speak English very well，but also he speaks French well.典型例題No so

6、oner_ than it began to rain heavily.A. the game began B.has the game begunC. did the game begin D.had the game begun答案D. 以具有否定意義的副詞放在句首時(shí)，一般采用倒裝句(謂語(yǔ)前置)。這類(lèi)表示否定意義的詞有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not onlybut (also), no soonerthan, hardly when scarcely when等等。注意：只有當(dāng)Not only but als

7、o連接兩個(gè)分句時(shí)，才在第一個(gè)分句用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如果置于句首的Not only but also僅連接兩個(gè)并列詞語(yǔ)，不可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。(三).在sothat, suchthat句型中，若把so, such引導(dǎo)的結(jié)構(gòu)放在句首時(shí)。So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.1So difficult _it to live in an English-speaking country that I was determined to learn English well. A. Ive felt B have I felt C. I

8、 did feel D. did I feel(四).省略了if的虛擬條件句中，把were, had或should放在句首時(shí)。If I were you， I would take the job. = Were I you，I would take the job.例題：_it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to Yangpu Bridge.A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will(五).把副詞so放在句首，表示前面所說(shuō)的情況也適用于另一個(gè)人或物。I like reading English,

9、so does he. (六).把neither, nor放在句首，表示前面的否定內(nèi)容也適用于另一個(gè)人或物。 If you wont go, neither will I.典型例題 -Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? -I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I careC. I dont care neither D. I dont care also 答案：B. nor為增補(bǔ)意思也不關(guān)心，因此句子應(yīng)倒裝。A錯(cuò)在用 dont 再次否定， C neither 用法不對(duì)且缺乏連詞。 D缺乏連

10、詞。 注意： 當(dāng)so引出的句子用以對(duì)上文內(nèi)容加以證實(shí)或肯定時(shí)，不可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。意為 的確如此。典型例題：1） Not until the early years of the 19th century_ what heat isA. man did know B. man knew C. didnt man know D. did man know答案為D.否定詞Not在句首，要求用部分倒裝的句子結(jié)構(gòu)。2） Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted. A. didnt I realizeB. did I realizeC. I

11、 didnt realizeD. I realize答案為B。 3)Do you know Tom bought a new car? I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neitherD. I dont care also 解析：答案為B.句中的nor引出部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，表示 也不。由 so, neither, nor引導(dǎo)的倒裝句，表示前一情況的重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。其中, so用于肯定句, 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。(七)用于形容詞/副詞/名詞/動(dòng)詞+as (though)引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從

12、句中。注意：當(dāng)表語(yǔ)為名詞時(shí)，則名詞前不加任何冠詞；主謂并不倒裝。Try hard as he will，he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.Child as he is, he knows a lot.&_, I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John. A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled so muchC. Much as I have traveled D. As I have traveled

13、 so much(八).由however, no matter how引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，把however+形容詞/副詞，no matter how+形容詞/副詞放在句首時(shí)。&_, mother will wait for him to have dinner together. A. However late is he B. However he is late C. However is he late D. However late he is注意：always often particularly many times many a time放在句首時(shí)，句子進(jìn)行部分倒裝。 Alwa

14、ys am I amazed when Ihear people saying that computers can replace teachers.二、全部倒裝就是把整個(gè)謂語(yǔ)部分放在主語(yǔ)之前。注意：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與后面的主語(yǔ)保持一致。常見(jiàn)于幾種情況：(一).用于地點(diǎn)副詞here, there,方位副詞out, in, up, down及時(shí)間副詞now, then等開(kāi)頭的句子里，以示強(qiáng)調(diào)。There goes the bell. Look! Here they come. 這種倒裝要求：主語(yǔ)必須是名詞。主語(yǔ)是人稱(chēng)代詞時(shí)，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)語(yǔ)序不變。Here it is.Away he went.He

15、re we go這類(lèi)倒裝句式一般只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Here comes the bus.Out rushed the boys.(二).當(dāng)表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)放句首時(shí)。注意：謂語(yǔ)多為be, lie, sit, stand, come, walk等不及物動(dòng)詞；倒裝時(shí)不需要助動(dòng)詞。Under the table are three white cats. In front of the tower flews a stream.10Under a big tree _, half asleep.A. did sat a fat man B. a fat man satC. did a fa

16、t man sat D. sat a fat man(三)there放在句首時(shí)，要用倒裝句式。在“there + be”結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有時(shí)不用be , 而用表示類(lèi)似“存在”觀念的其他不及物動(dòng)詞。如：live, stand, come, lie, flow, enter, rise 和appear等。There came shouts for help from the river.There lies a large wheat field in front of the house.Many years ago there lived an old man in the wooden ho

17、use.(四).表語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí)，倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為表語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)。(1)形容詞+系動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)Present at the meeting was Mr. Green, a headmaster. (2)過(guò)去分詞+系動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)Hidden behind the door were some naughty children. Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil.(3)介詞短語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)In front of the playground is a newly-built house. (

18、五).有時(shí)由于主語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)，謂語(yǔ)很短，為保持句子平衡，或?yàn)榱藦?qiáng)調(diào)表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)，或使上下文緊密銜接時(shí)。They arrived at a house, in front of which sat an old man.(六).在一些表示祝愿的句子里。Long live the Communist Party of China!May you all be happy.練習(xí)：1. Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted.A. didnt I realize B. did I realize C. I didnt realize D.

19、I realized2. Only by practising a few hours every day _ be able to master the language.A. you can B. can you C. you will D. will you3. If you dont go， neither _. A. shall I B. do I C. I do D. I shall 4. No sooner _ to the station _ the train left.A. had I got， when B. I had got， than C. had I got， t

20、han D. did I get， when 5. Your father is very strict with you. _. He never lets off a single mistake of ours. A. So he is B. So is he C. He is so D. So does he 6. _ today， he would get there by Sunday. A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leave 7. Never in my life _ such

21、a thing. A. I have heard or have seen B. have I heard or seen C. I have heard or seen D. did I hear or see 8. Here _！ Where is Xiao Liu？There _. A. comes the bus，is he B. comes the bus，he is C. the bus comes，is he D. the bus comes，he is 9. _ ， I will not buy it.A. Much as do I like it B. As much I l

22、ike it C. Much as I like it D. As I like it much 10. I like football. I dont like volleyball. _. A. So do I B. Neither do I C. So it is with me D. So is it with me 11. _ the expense， I _ to Italy.A. If it were not， go B. Were it not for， would go C. Werent it for， will go D. If it hadnt been， would

23、have gone12. So _ in the darkness that he didnt dare to move an inch. A. he was frightened B. was he frightened C. frightened he was D. frightened was he 13. I wonder if your wife will go to the ball. If your wife _， so _ mine.A. does， will B. will， does C. will， would D. does， do 14. Only after I r

24、ead the text over again _ its main idea.A. that I knew B. did I knew C. 1 could know D. I did know 15. I seldom watch TV， but listen to the radio a lot._ . A. So do I B. Neither do I C. I ，m the same D. So it is with me16. So excited _ that he couldnt say a word. A. he seemed B. did he seem C. was h

25、e seeming D. he did look17. Little _ when 1 took the trip where it would lead me. A. have I known B. had I known C. do 1 know D. did I know18. Have you ever seen anything like that before？- _ . A. No， I never have seen anything like that before B. No， never I have seen anything like that before C. N

26、o， never have 1 seen anything like that before D. No， I have seen anything like that before never19. _ ， 1 would accept the invitation and go to the party. A. Were I you B. Was I you C. Had I been you D. Would 1 be you20. You should work less _. A. and neither should I B. and so should I C. and nor

27、should I D. and so I should21. _ and caught the mouse. A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumped C. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat22. Not only _ a promise， but also he kept it. A. did he make B. he made C. does he make D. has he made23. His uncle is a worker and has been working in the facto

28、ry for more than ten years. _. A. So is his aunt B. So has his aunt C. So his aunt does D. So it is with his aunt24. Not once _ their plan. A. did they change B. they changed C. changed they D. they did change 25. Not until he arrived home _ he find that this wallet had been stolen. A. did B. would

29、C. when D. that26. Nowhere else in the world _ cheaper tailoring（裁縫業(yè)， 成衣業(yè)）than in Hong Kong. A. a tourist can find B. can a tourist find C. a tourist will find D. a tourist has found27. _ succeed in doing anything. A. Only by working hard we can B. By only working hard we can C. Only we can by worki

30、ng hard D. Only by working hard can we28. _ that we all went out， lying in the sun.A. So fine was the weather B. So was the fine weatherC. The weather was so fine was D. So the weather was tine29. _ a nice man _ that we all believe him. A. So， did he seem B. So， he seemed C. Such， he seemed D. Such， did he seem30. _， he never seems able to do the work beautifully.