短暫性動詞和延續(xù)性動詞

1、短暫性動詞和延續(xù)性動詞短暫性動詞和延續(xù)性動詞可以從字面上理解，持續(xù)的動作就是延續(xù)動詞，反之就是瞬間動詞（短暫動詞），這個有這種感覺還是很好理解的，你看看下面的 淺談吧延續(xù)性動詞：live,run,stay,clean,play,hold,watch,teach,read,study,teach,eat,drink,wrgdance, sing,smoke瞬間性動詞：open,stop,like,love,die,win,close,shot,begin,startenter,finish1、終止性動詞：表示不能延續(xù)的動作，即動作發(fā)生后立即結束。如:begin,arrive,borrow,buy

2、,break,close,come,fall,dic,finish,go,leave,lend,mary,reach,receive,open,sell,start,stop 等。終止性動詞的肯定式是不能持續(xù)的，所以不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用，而終止性的否定式就可以和表一段時間的狀語連用，因為否定本身就是可以延續(xù)的。如：have a cold是持續(xù)性動詞，表示 狀態(tài)”，可與表延續(xù)性的時間狀語連用，不定冠詞不能省略。I ' ve had a cold since my arrival（到達 n.）.I didn ' t go to school because I had ha

3、d a bad cold for days.catch a cold是短暫性動作，表 動態(tài)”：它不能和延續(xù)性時間狀語連用，不定冠詞“a”可有可無，catch 可用take,get 代替。Put on your coat,or you' ll catch/take/get a cold.Take care not to get cold.但是，若cold前有形容詞修飾時，則不定冠詞不能省。如：Brown has taken a slight cold.注意下列句子：I have caught a cold for over a week.() xI have had a cold for

4、 over a week.()2、延續(xù)性動詞：表示可以延續(xù)一段時間的動作或狀態(tài)。如：be,drink,fly,eat,keep,lie,live,rain等。延續(xù)性動詞常不能和表示一個短暫具體的時間狀語連用；這類動詞如 用于進行時態(tài)，則可以和表示一個短暫具體的時刻連用。He worked at eight yesterday afternoon.(He was working at eight yesterday afternoon.()3、代替終止性動詞的方法a)用延續(xù)性動詞代替終止性動詞1、用have代替buyMy brother has had( 不能用 has bought) this

5、 bike for almost four years.2、用 keep 或 have 代替 borrowI have kept( 不能用 have borrowed) the book for quitea few days.3、用 be 替代 becomeHow long has your sister been a teacher?4、用 have a cold 代替 catch a coldTom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.5、用 wear 代替 put onb)用“ be+形容詞”代終止性動詞1、be + marrie

6、d 代 marry 2、be + ill 代 fall (get) ill3、be + dead 代 die 4、be + asleep 代 fall (get) asleep5、be + awake 代 wake/wake up 6、be + gone 代lose,die,sell,leave7、be + open 代 open 8 、be closed 代 close/shut9、be + missing(gone,lost) 代 losec)用“b葉副詞”代終止性動詞1 “ be+ on ” 代 start,begin2 “ be+ up” 代 get up3 “ be+ back(to

7、)” 代 return to,come back to,go back to4 " be here (there) 代 come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等d)用“ be+介詞短語”代終止性動詞1 . “be in/at + 地點”代替 go to /come to2 .用 be in the army 代替 join the army3. “be in/at + 地點”代替 move to鞏固練習：（同義轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞）1 .Li Lei joined the Party three years ago.

8、Li Lei the Party three years ago.Li Lei the Party three years. three years Li Lei joined the Party.Three years Li Lei joined the Party.2 .My father left Gucheng last week.My father Gucheng last week.My father Gucheng a week.3 .The factory opened in 1996.The factory ten years.The factorysince 1996.4.

9、 His grandfather died five years ago.His grandfathersince.His grandfather five years. five years his grandfather died.Five years his grandfather died.5. Mr. Wang reached Beijing five days ago.Mr. Wang Beijing five days ago.Mr. WangBeijing five days.6. The film began ten minutes ago.The film for.The

10、film since7. My father bought a new car two years ago.My father a new car two years.My father a new car two years ago.8. Tom borrowed this book four days ago.Tom this book four days.Tom this book four days ago.9. Jim joined the League last yeas.Jim a League member a year.Jim the League last year.10.

11、 They came to China ten years ago.They China ten years.They China ten years ago.11. My son fell asleep half an hour ago.My son for.My son since1 has been in sinceIt s since has passed since2 has been away from since has been away from for3 has been open for has been open4 has been dead five years ago has been dead forIt s since has passed since5 has been in sincehas been in for6 has been on ten minuteshas been on ten minutes ago7 has ha