高二英語 單元單詞短語句型知識梳理 Unit11 大綱人教版第二冊

1、Unit 11-Unit 12提綱挈領(lǐng)單元考查重點(diǎn)及熱點(diǎn)Unit 11單詞solar mankind constitution man(vt.) support daily achieve likely zone private institute grasp master perfect arrange rely failure valley base markagency organ forward breakthrough march arm announce evolution battle短語set foot on have an effect on come to life aim

2、(sth.)at set up rely on deal with put forward句型1.whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句2.make+it+賓語補(bǔ)足語to do/thatUnit 12單詞fiction belief league balloon botany apply applied servant whale hunter collision companion permanent guest voyage iron aboard lamp dislike prisonergentle marble shore luggage brilliant hesitate butche

3、r curtain lip短語make a living set out in public throw light upon cut up come on believe in turn out begin with句型find+復(fù)合賓語Unit 11理解:要點(diǎn)詮釋單詞1.achieve講:vt.達(dá)到(某目標(biāo)、地位、標(biāo)準(zhǔn))；得到；完成；實(shí)現(xiàn)例:China has achieved the highest rate of economic growth in the world this year. 中國今年實(shí)現(xiàn)了世界最高的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長率。 We want all our students to

4、achieve within their chosen profession. 我們希望所有的學(xué)生在各自選擇的專業(yè)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)都能有所成就。鏈接提示 (1)achieve success取得成功 (2)achieve victory取得勝利 (3)achieve ones goal實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo) (4)achieve ones purpose達(dá)到目的 (5)achievement n. 完成；達(dá)到；成就；成功練:Their play_ great success and brought in a large profit to the theatre.A.appreciated B.achieved C.

5、expected D.seized提示:句意為:他們的戲劇取得了巨大的成功，為劇院帶來了很大的利潤。achieve success意思是“取得成功”。答案:B2.likely講：adj. &adv. 有可能的;可能會;適當(dāng)?shù)?；大?或許;很可能例:Snow showers are likely in the next 24 hours. 未來的24小時(shí)內(nèi)可能有陣雪. He is likely to win.=It is likely that he will win. 他可能會贏. Its likely to be cold tonight. 今天晚上可能會變冷。 There is not l

6、ikely to be much rain tomorrow. 明天不會下大雨。 He is the most likely person for the job. 他是最適合那份工作的人。 He will very likely come by car. 他大概會開車來。鏈接提示 likely作表語時(shí)常見句型 (1)Sb./Sth.is likely to do sth. (2)It is likely that.練:Nowadays,within a short walk along a busy street,you are_to find a chain store_a fastfoo

7、d restaurant,a bakery,or a supermarket.A.probable;some kinds B.likely;of some kindC.possible;some kind of D.unlikely;some kind of提示:be likely to do sth.意為“很可能做某事”，主語可以是人，也可以是物，而possible,probable主語不能是人，排除A、C項(xiàng)；of some kind作后置定語，修飾a chain shore。答案:B3.arrange講：vt.安排；籌備；整理；排列；布置例:The party was arranged q

8、uickly. 聚會很快就安排好了。 Can I arrange an appointment for Monday? 我可以安排星期一約見嗎？ Have you arranged how to get to the airport? 你安排好如何去機(jī)場了嗎？鏈接提示 (1)arrange for sb.to do安排某人干某事 (2)arrange with sb.for sth.與某人商定某事 (3)arrangement n. 整理；安排練:The manager has_for her to go to the airport to meet an important guest.A.

9、asked B.sent C.called D.arranged提示:句意為:經(jīng)理安排她去機(jī)場接一位重要的客人。ask for 想要，要求；send for派人去請；call for需要，要求。答案:D短語1.set foot in(on)講：該詞組的義項(xiàng)有“踏上；造訪；進(jìn)入”。一般來說，表示“踏上”時(shí)，用set foot on；表示“踏進(jìn)”時(shí)，用set foot in。例:They were filled with joy when they set foot on Chinese soil again. 當(dāng)他們再次踏上中國的土地時(shí)，他們興奮不已。 She swore she would n

10、ever set foot in his house ever again. 她發(fā)誓不再進(jìn)入他的房子。鏈接提示 (1)get/jump/rise to ones feet站起/跳起身來 (2)on foot步行；徒步 (3)on ones feet 站著；(病后)復(fù)原；自立 (4)struggle to ones feet掙扎著站起來 (5)stand on ones own feet獨(dú)立自主；自主 (6)at the foot of.在底部練:At the sight of the big dog,the boy jumped_.A.to the feet B.under his feet

11、C.to his feet D.under the feet提示:本題考查動詞短語jump to ones feet。答案:C2.rely on/upon講：該詞組的義項(xiàng)有“信賴；依賴；依靠”。例:I rely on you to help me. 我依賴你幫助我。 I rely on getting the money next week. 我相信下星期可以得到那筆錢。鏈接提示 (1)rely on/upon sb.to do sth.相信某人會做某事 (2)rely on it that.指望 You can rely upon it that he will come. 你放心他會來的。

12、練:Whether the clothes will be ready the day after tomorrow will _the tailors.A.decide B.rely on C.hear D.see提示:decide用在此句中，應(yīng)該使用被動語態(tài)；hear或see的主語多為指人的詞。故選B項(xiàng)。答案:B3.put forward講：該詞組的義項(xiàng)有“推舉、提出、提倡、促進(jìn)”。例:We put him forward for the position of chairman. 我們推舉他當(dāng)主席。 He had no desire to put forward his plan. 他不

13、想提出他的計(jì)劃。鏈接提示 (1)put aside 放在一旁；擱置；儲蓄 I put aside 200 dollars every month. 我每月儲蓄200美元。 (2)put away 收起來；(為將來而)儲蓄 Let me just put these files away. 讓我把這些文件收拾好。 (3)put through 順利完成;接通電話 Please put me through to Mr Brown. 請接布朗先生。(4)put it敘述;表達(dá) Let me put it in another way. 讓我換個(gè)方式來說明。 (5)put out使熄滅；撲滅；生產(chǎn)；

14、出版 They put out fifty new books last season. 上一個(gè)季度他們出了50本新書。練:(1)The latest data_ by the states suggested that the business was improving.A.putting forward B.to put forwardC.put forward D.put up提示:句意為:政府提供的最新數(shù)據(jù)表明貿(mào)易在不斷提高。由句意判斷，用put forward；date與put forward有邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用過去分詞，故選C項(xiàng)。答案:C(2)(2010重慶高考)Befor

15、e the war broke out,many people_ in safe places possessions they could not take with them.A.threw away B.put awayC.gave away D.carried away提示:throw away扔掉；put away放置；整理；give away泄漏(秘密/消息)；carry away運(yùn)走；搬走。句意為:戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)前，很多人都把他們帶不走的東西放在安全地方。故選B項(xiàng)。答案:B(3)(2010全國高考)The forest guards often find campfires that

16、have not been_ completely.A.turned down B.put outC.put away D.turned over提示:turn down關(guān)??；擰低；put out撲滅；put away放置；整理；turn over打翻。依據(jù)句意選B項(xiàng)。答案:B句型1.whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句講:注意觀察下面教材原句: Whatever great achievements the future may have in store for China,it is likely that many of them will be born in northwestern

17、Beijing. 在中國將來不論取得多么巨大的成就，很可能它們中的許多將會發(fā)生在北京的西北部。 whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，等于no matter what，意思是“無論何事/何物”。例:Whatever happens,I will go. =No matter what happens,I will go. 無論發(fā)生什么事，我都去。 Whatever I suggest,he always disagrees. =No matter what I suggest,he always disagrees. 無論我提什么建議，他總是不同意。鏈接提示 “疑問代詞+ever”構(gòu)成的詞，如w

18、hatever/whoever，既可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，還可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，而“no matter+疑問代詞”只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。練:Do_ you think is right,_ others say. Yes,I_ .A.all;what;do B.all that;whatever;canC.what;what;can D.what;whatever;will提示:從句子意義和結(jié)構(gòu)看，_others say是讓步狀語從句，意思是“無論別人說什么”，排除A、C兩項(xiàng)；第一空可填what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，what在從句中作主語，也可填all that,all作do的賓語，that引導(dǎo)定語從句

19、，在從句中作主語，you think是插入語；從下文看，答話人表示將會這樣做，故選D項(xiàng)。答案:D2.make+it+賓語補(bǔ)足語+to do/that.講:注意觀察下面教材原句: Zhongguancun made it possible for him to follow his dreams and help the country he loves. .makes it clear that science and business can and must work together to build the future. 在“make+it+賓語補(bǔ)足語+to do/that.”這一句

20、型中，it是形式賓語，真正的賓語是后面的不定式、從句或動名詞。例:The man made it clear that he wouldnt accept the task. 這個(gè)人說得很清楚，他不想接這個(gè)任務(wù)。 She made it impossible to ask him to help us. 她認(rèn)為叫他來幫助我們是不可能的。鏈接提示 在這個(gè)句型中除了make外，還可以用feel,consider,think,find等動詞。練:I must thank my parents_ to be a college student.A.to make it possible for me

21、B.to make it possible to meC.for making it possible for me D.for making it possible to me提示:依據(jù)thank sb.for sth.排除A、B項(xiàng)；依據(jù)動詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)for sb.to do排除D項(xiàng)。故選C項(xiàng)。答案:C辨析1.include,included,includinginclude是及物動詞,可以用于主動語態(tài)或被動語態(tài);including要放在被包括的名詞或代詞之前;included要放在被包括的名詞或代詞之后。即時(shí)練習(xí): (1)Their names are_ in the list. (

22、2)There are a lot of names in the list,_ his name. (3)There are a lot of names in the list,his name_ . (4)We no longer_ him among our friends. (5)There are 40 students in our class,_ four students from America.答案:(1)included (2)including (3)included(4)include (5)including2.job,work (1)job是可數(shù)名詞，側(cè)重職業(yè)。

23、表示某個(gè)人“失業(yè)”,應(yīng)說out of a job;表示多個(gè)人失業(yè)可以說out of a job，也可以說out of job(s)。 (2)work作“工作”解時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞。它可以構(gòu)成很多固定結(jié)構(gòu)，如:go to work(去上班);be at work(在工作中;在班上);after work(下班后);out of work(失業(yè))。work作“著作、作品”解時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞;表示“工廠;工事;機(jī)件”時(shí)，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。即時(shí)練習(xí): (1)Im going to the hospital to see one of my friends after_. (2)She lied to us b

24、ecause she had to in order to get a_. (3)If anyone at _ discovers the secret,I shall lose my_. (4)New_ are needed because a number of people are out of_. (5)The iron_ is outside the city. (6)Something is wrong with the_ of my watch. (7)Have you read the_ of Shakespeare?答案:(1)work (2)job (3)work,job

25、(4)jobs,work/job(s) (5)works (6)works (7)works3.how long,how soon,how often,how far (1)how long表示“多長時(shí)間”，詢問動作和狀態(tài)持續(xù)的時(shí)間，通常與延續(xù)性動詞連用，常用表示一段時(shí)間的狀語來回答。how long還可以表示長度，意思是“多長”。 (2)how soon表示“多久”，詢問動作還要多久才發(fā)生，通常與瞬間性動詞連用，常用“in+一段時(shí)間”來回答。 (3)how often表示“多長時(shí)間一次”，詢問動作發(fā)生的頻率，通常用very often,usually,seldom,sometimes,once/twice/three times a day/week/month/year,three times a month/year等來回答。 (4)how far表示“多遠(yuǎn)；多長的路”，詢問距離的遠(yuǎn)近。即時(shí)練習(xí): (1)_ is the exhibition going to begin? In two days. (2)_ is the factory away from your house? Nearly 4 kilometers. (3)_do you play basketball? Three times a