高三英語(yǔ)學(xué)案unitsWord版

1、高中三年級(jí)英語(yǔ)學(xué)案Units 5-6 (B3)【知識(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)】一、重點(diǎn)詞匯與短語(yǔ)1advertise vt. & vi.登廣告，做廣告I advertised my car for sale.advertise on TV/in a newspaper for sb./sth.advertise a meeting, a concert, a job2charge n. vt.主管；充氣（電）；負(fù)責(zé)；要價(jià)；控告How much do you charge for a room with a bath?He was charged with bribery.他被控告收取賄賂。in charg

2、e of負(fù)責(zé)；in (under) the charge of a person由某人負(fù)責(zé);take charge of接管，擔(dān)任；free of charge免費(fèi)地（的）3blame vt. n.責(zé)備，譴責(zé)，歸咎于；責(zé)怪，責(zé)任blame sb. for sth./blame sth. on sb.責(zé)備某人某事be to blame for sth.(對(duì)某壞事等)負(fù)責(zé)任。They blamed him for the accident.=They blamed the accident on him.=He was to blame for the accident.take the blam

3、e for承擔(dān)的責(zé)任4accuse vt.控告；譴責(zé)The police accused him (of theft).He was accused of murder.She accused him of being late.6get across傳播；為人理解It took me an hour to get my invention across to her.The message got across at last.7 attach vt.系；貼；附加；認(rèn)為有（重要性等）attach sth. to sth.把某東西系到某東西上attach yourself to sb./sth

4、.加入；使隸屬于be attach to sb./sth.依戀；留戀8 make sense有意義，有道理，講得通This sentence doesn?t make sense.It makes sense to take care of your health.Can you make sense of what this writer is saying?common sense常識(shí)；in a (some) sense在某種意義上There is no sense in doing sth.(做某事)沒(méi)道理9 keep up維持，保持I hope the weather will kee

5、p up.The noise kept up for all night.The good news keep our spirit up.How do you keep this large house?keep an eye out for sb./sth.留心或注意某人/物keep a close watch on密切注意keep away from避開(kāi)，離開(kāi)；keep back防止，隱瞞keep on繼續(xù)；keep off離開(kāi)，使不接近keep out (of)不進(jìn)去，置身于外，從離開(kāi)keep up with跟上，不落后；keep in touch with保持了解10 beyond

6、prep.在的那邊，遠(yuǎn)于；超過(guò)I cant see anything beyond the river because of fog.He is such a naughty boy and is beyond my control.Dont stay out beyond 10 oclock at night.adv.在更遠(yuǎn)處；再往后From the top of the hill you can see a lake beyond.二、詞義辨析1each與everyeach強(qiáng)調(diào)“個(gè)體”,every強(qiáng)調(diào)“整體”，every只有一個(gè)詞性，形容詞，且every不接of短語(yǔ)，every只作定語(yǔ)，而

7、each作定語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，同位語(yǔ)。如：Each/Every pupil was given a pencil.每個(gè)學(xué)生發(fā)一枝鉛筆。Each of us has a Chinese-English dictionary.我們每人都有一本漢英詞典。2spend, cost, pay, charge與offer這幾個(gè)詞都表示“花費(fèi)（金錢）”，但用法不一樣。（1）cost是以“物，事”為主語(yǔ)，常用于sth. cost (sb.) some money結(jié)構(gòu)。The cost cost her 20 yuan.這件外衣花了她20元。注意：cost無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。（2）pay用于付款給別人，付一個(gè)帳單或者付幾

8、筆款項(xiàng)等，它是及物動(dòng)詞，賓語(yǔ)可以是“人”或“錢”的名詞或代詞。Yesterday he paid the money he owed.他昨天還清了欠賬。（3）charge指收取別人多少錢，主語(yǔ)為人或旅館等。The hotel charged me 10 for a room for the night.那家旅館一間房一晚向我收費(fèi)10英鎊。（4）offer出價(jià)，開(kāi)價(jià)；提供，出售，“人”作主語(yǔ)。We offered him the house for 1000.我們要價(jià)1000英鎊賣給她那幢房子。比較：We offered him 1000 for the house.我們出價(jià)1000英鎊買他那幢

9、房子。3set off, set out與set about（1）set off有“啟程；出發(fā)”的意思，還可作“引起；使爆炸”解（例略）（2）set out的意思是“開(kāi)始；著手”后常接動(dòng)詞不定式。如：He set out to paint the whole house.他開(kāi)始著手粉刷房子內(nèi)外。（3）set about的意思也是“開(kāi)始；著手”但常接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。如：She set about doing some cleaning after breakfast.她用過(guò)早餐后立即著手打掃衛(wèi)生。三、重點(diǎn)句型1You think the newspaper is to blame for this

10、 because你認(rèn)為因?yàn)檫@件事報(bào)社應(yīng)受責(zé)備注意to blame =should be blamed 應(yīng)受責(zé)備。如：Who is to blame for breaking the window?誰(shuí)應(yīng)為打破窗子而受責(zé)？2It has been proven again and that frequent advertising increases product sales.事實(shí)已經(jīng)一次次地證明經(jīng)常做廣告增加了產(chǎn)品的銷售量。It is (has been) proven 已被證明（后接that句）It has been proven that more than 2000 people die

11、d in the war已經(jīng)被證實(shí)多于2000人死亡于這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。類似表達(dá)有：It is / was hoped / said / announced / reported that人們希望/據(jù)說(shuō)/已宣布/已報(bào)導(dǎo)It is said that the girl had been badly treated whileshopping yesterday=The girl is said to have been badlyIt is hoped that well have a brighter future.It was announced that Russia sent up anothe

12、r man-made satellite.3. Not all ads are used to promote a product or to increase a companys profits.并非所有的廣告都被用來(lái)推動(dòng)產(chǎn)品的銷量，或增加公司的利潤(rùn)。Not all=all not 并非所有的（部分否定），此句也可寫(xiě)為：All ads are not used to promote a product or to increase a companys profits. all的全部否定為none或nothingNo one.類似的還有both, each, not both（each）=

13、both（each）Not均為部分否定，both全部否定為neither, each全部否定為none, no one, nothing。如：Not all the students smoke=All the students dont smoke并非所有的學(xué)生都吸煙。None of us like that song我們一個(gè)也不喜歡那首歌。四、語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)1賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（一）賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的定義英語(yǔ)中有些及物動(dòng)詞，除了一個(gè)直接賓語(yǔ)以外，還要有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，才能使句子的意義完整。這類常用的及物動(dòng)詞有：make(使)，consider(認(rèn)為)，cause(引起)，see（看見(jiàn)），find(發(fā)現(xiàn))，cal

14、l(稱為，叫做)，get(讓，使得)，have(讓，使得)，let(讓)等。如：Electricity can make a machine run。電能使機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。We consider(或think) the answer (to be) correct.我們認(rèn)為這個(gè)答案是對(duì)的。What he said made me very angry.他的話使我很生氣。（二）賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的表現(xiàn)形式帶有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的一般句型為：某些及物動(dòng)詞（如make等）+直接賓語(yǔ)（名詞或代詞）+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)在句中的9種表示法：（1）用名詞（包括名詞性物主代詞）表示His father named him To

15、m.他父親給他取名湯姆。We consider Mr Zhang an excellent teacher.我們認(rèn)為張先生是位優(yōu)秀的老師。（2）用形容詞及其短語(yǔ)表示They painted their boat white.他們把船漆成了白色。We believed the report untrue.我們確認(rèn)這個(gè)報(bào)告不真實(shí)。I saw him young and strong, and now he is old and worn.我看到他的時(shí)候，他年輕強(qiáng)壯，現(xiàn)在他已年老體弱。（3）用不定式及其短語(yǔ)表示You mustnt force him to lend his money to you

16、.他不應(yīng)該強(qiáng)迫他借錢給你。Nobody noticed him enter the room.沒(méi)有人注意到他進(jìn)了屋子。注：see, have, let, make, watch, notice, hear, observe等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)用不定式表示時(shí)，不可加to。help后的不定式可帶也可不帶to。（4）用現(xiàn)在分詞及其短語(yǔ)表示W(wǎng)e saw her entering the room.我們看見(jiàn)她正走進(jìn)那個(gè)房間。I heard her singing an English song.我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)她在唱英語(yǔ)歌曲。（5）用過(guò)去分詞及其短語(yǔ)表示They found Guilin greatly chan

17、ged.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)桂林變化很大。At that time we were there and saw it done.那時(shí)我們?cè)谀莾?，并看?jiàn)這事被做完。注：過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)和它的關(guān)系是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。（6）用as引出賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)We take English as a useful tool for research work.我們把英語(yǔ)當(dāng)作研究工作的一種有用的工具。I look upon him as my teacher.我把他看成我的老師。（7）用介詞短語(yǔ)表示W(wǎng)e found everything in the laboratory in good order.我們發(fā)覺(jué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室內(nèi)每件東西

18、都放得井井有條。Whenever you may go, you will find him at work.不論什么時(shí)候去，你都可以看見(jiàn)他在工作。（8）用副詞表示Let the fresh air in.讓新鮮空氣進(jìn)來(lái)。I saw him out with his father.我看見(jiàn)他和他父親外出了。（9）用從句表示W(wǎng)e will soon make our city what your city is now.我們不久就要把我們的城市發(fā)展成你們城市目前的那個(gè)樣子。The plant has its own name. You cannot call it what you will.這種

19、植物有自己的名稱。你不能隨便稱呼它什么。注：能在復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中先用形式賓語(yǔ)it，然后再用真正賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞并不多，常見(jiàn)的有think, find, consider, judge, feel, make, take等。They thought it right to do this test.他們?cè)詾樽鲞@項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)是對(duì)的。（后面不定式為真正賓語(yǔ)）We all think it our duty that we should support him.我們都認(rèn)為支持他是我們的職責(zé)。（后面從句是真正賓語(yǔ)）We find it necessary to master a foreign language.我們認(rèn)

20、為掌握一門(mén)外語(yǔ)是有必要的。（后面不定式短語(yǔ)為真正賓語(yǔ)）2定語(yǔ)（一）定語(yǔ)的定義修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語(yǔ)或從句稱為定語(yǔ)。（二）定語(yǔ)的表現(xiàn)形式定語(yǔ)一般可由形容詞、分詞（短語(yǔ)）、名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞所有格、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞和從句等充當(dāng)。（1）形容詞Guilin is a beautiful city.桂林是一座美麗的城市。A bright future shines before our eyes.光照的未來(lái)展現(xiàn)在我們眼前。（2）分詞（短語(yǔ)）China is a developing country; America is a developed country.中國(guó)是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家，

21、美國(guó)是一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家。Who is the man shaking hands with our teacher?和我們老師握手的那個(gè)人是誰(shuí)？This is the bridge built last year.這是去年建的那座橋。（3）名詞There are thirty women teachers in our school.我們學(xué)校有30名女教師。They are going to put up a wall newspaper next week.他們打算下周出墻報(bào)。（4）代詞His rapid progress in English made us surprised.他在英語(yǔ)方面的

22、快速進(jìn)步使我們很吃驚。Do you know the student whose English pronunciation is the best in your class?你知道你們班上英語(yǔ)發(fā)音最好的那個(gè)學(xué)生嗎？（5）數(shù)詞More than thirty students in our class have read the book.我們班三十多個(gè)學(xué)生讀過(guò)這本書(shū)。The teacher asked the students to copy the third paragraph of the text.老師讓學(xué)生抄寫(xiě)課文的第3段。（6）名詞所有格You should follow th

23、e doctors advice and do more exercises.你應(yīng)該聽(tīng)從醫(yī)生的建議，多運(yùn)動(dòng)。Marys parents have gone abroad.瑪麗的父母出國(guó)了。（7）不定式Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.我們的班長(zhǎng)總是第一個(gè)走進(jìn)教室。I cant go with you. I still have a lot of work to do.我不能和你去。我仍有許多工作要做。（8）動(dòng)名詞The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.下學(xué)

24、期的教學(xué)計(jì)劃已制定好。You mustnt take the magazine out of the reading room.你不要把雜志帶出閱覽室。（9）介詞短語(yǔ)He is reading an article about how to learn English.他正在讀一篇有關(guān)如何學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的文章。Who is the girl in red?穿紅衣服的那個(gè)姑娘是誰(shuí)？（10）副詞（多位于被修飾詞之后）A noise outside made him turn around.外面的喧鬧聲使他轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)。The man in the room below is friendly.樓下房間的那人

25、很友好。（11）從句There is nothing that worries him.沒(méi)有什么事使他煩惱。I will remember the day when I first met her.我將記住第一次遇見(jiàn)她的那一天。注：如果作定語(yǔ)的是形容詞、代詞、名詞等，通常位于所修飾的詞之前，但如果作定語(yǔ)的是介詞短語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞不定式，則位于所修飾詞之后。如：Her father is a famous doctor.她父親是個(gè)著名的醫(yī)生。（代詞、形容詞作定語(yǔ)）Ive got an important meeting to attend.我有一個(gè)重要會(huì)議要參加。（形容詞、動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)）People

26、 in the park were enjoying the warm sunshine.公園的人正享受著暖和的陽(yáng)光。（介詞短語(yǔ)、形容詞作定語(yǔ)）【考點(diǎn)透視 考例精析】考例1 It shames me to say it， but I told a lie when _ at the meeting by my boss. Aquestioning Bhaving questionedCquestioned D to be questioned解析 本題考查分詞用法。when+分詞（doing/done）作狀語(yǔ)，question vt.“對(duì)提出疑問(wèn)”，相當(dāng)于when I was question

27、ed?？祭? If you cant come tomorrow，well _ have to hold the meeting next week. Ayet Beven Crather Djust解析 yet作“還”講常置于句末，even“甚至”，rather“相當(dāng)”，語(yǔ)義不符語(yǔ)境。just(口語(yǔ))用以加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，“甚至”之意，故選D?？祭? -How long are you staying?-I dont know. _ .AThats OK BNever mind CIt depends DIt doesnt matter解析 C 本題考查交際用語(yǔ)與慣用法。It (just) depe

28、nds是口語(yǔ)，意思是說(shuō)“看看再說(shuō)，視情況而定”合乎題意。其他幾個(gè)不符語(yǔ)境?？祭? It was not a serious illness, and she soon _it. A got over Bgot on with Cgot around Dgot out of解析 A 本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)用法辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“從（病、損失等）中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)”。B項(xiàng)是“與相處”或“某事進(jìn)展如何”。C項(xiàng)為“（在某處）走一走，看一看”。D項(xiàng)為“逃避，追逐放棄”。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)?！净A(chǔ)演練】一、據(jù)首字母（漢語(yǔ)提示）填詞，完成句子。1We were ready to the the b_ _ for what h

29、ad happened.2I was _ _（煩） with him because he kept interrupting.3The scientist decided he didnt want to be a_ _ with the project, and left.4We sold our house at a _ _ （利潤(rùn)）.5How did he _ _（反應(yīng)） to your suggestion?6She bore the b_ _ of caring for her sick mother.7Will this medicine give immediate r_ _

30、from pain?8The child cant use chopsticks p_ _.9She was d_ _ of a health bady.10They celebrated their 10th wedding _ _ （紀(jì)念）.二、單項(xiàng)選擇1He has a good thermometer which _ changes in temperature very quickly.A reacts against B reacts with Creacts to Dreacts on2It is rather difficult to guess what her _ woul

31、d be when we tell her the news.A method B reaction Cimpression Dcomment3Police have _ to the public to come forward with any information which might help them with their inquiries.Aurged Bclaimed Cappealed Dcalled4Sorry. Madam. Youd better come tomorrow because its_ the visiting hours.Aduring Bat Cb

32、eyond D before 06 福建卷5Our teacher is clever, but not very good at _ his ideas to us.Agetting across B getting over Cgetting on Dgetting into6His invalid father is becoming a _ to him.Afreight B cargo Cburden Dload7If you think you can do the work, you should _ for the job.Aapply B claim C request Da

33、ppeal8 After I stood in the room for one minute, my eyes slowly grew _ to the gloom(黑暗).A accustom B accustomed Cfamiliar Dcustom9The medicine the doctor gave me _ my headache.Afreed B refreshed Creleased Drelieved10 I hear youre going to _ that job in the accounts department.A go for Bgo over Cgo a

34、long with D go through【能力拓展】閱讀下面短文掌握其大意，然后從短文各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。We may look at the world around us, but somehow we manage not to see it until whatever weve become used to suddenly disappears. 1 , for example, the neatly-dressed woman I 2 to seeor look aton my way to work each morning.For thre

35、e years, no matter 3 the weather was like, she was always waiting at the bus stop around 800 am. On 4 days, she wore heavy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves. Summertime 5 out neat, belted cotton dresses and a hat pulled low over her sunglasses. 6 , she was an ordinary working woman. Of course, I 7

36、 all this only after she was seen no more. It was then that I realized how 8 I expected to see her each morning. You might say I 9 her.“Did she have an accident? Something 10 ?” I thought to myself about her 11 . Now that she was gone, I felt I had 12 her. I began to realize that part of our 13 life

37、 probably includes such chance meetings with familiar 14 : the milkman you see at dawn, the woman who 15 walks her dog along the street every morning, the twin brothers you see at the library. Such people are 16 markers in our lives. They add weight to our 17 of place and belonging.Think about it. 1

38、8 , while walking to work, we mark where we are by 19 a certain building, why should we not mark where we are when we pass a familiar, though 20 , person?1A. Make B Take C Give D Have2A. happened B wanted C used D tried3A. what B how C which D when4A. sunny B rainy Ccloudy Dsnowy5 Atook Bbrought C c

39、arried D turned6 A Clearly B Particularly CLuckily DEspecially7A believed Bexpressed C remembered D wondered8A long B often C soon Dmuch9Arespected Bmissed C praised D admired10Abetter B worse C more Dless11A disappearance B appearance C misfortune Dfortune12Aforgotten B lost Cknown D hurt13A happy

40、B enjoyable C frequent D daily14A friends B strangers C tourists D guests15Aregularly B actually C hardly D probably16A common B pleasant C important D faithful17A choice B knowledge C decision D sense18A Because B If C Although DHowever19A keeping B changing C passing D mentioning20A unnamed Bunforgettable C unbelievable D unreal參考答案高三部分Units 56 (B3)基礎(chǔ)演練一、1blame