奧斯卡.王爾德-Oscar-Wilde

1、10屆英語師范屆英語師范B班班 陳瑞恒陳瑞恒Wilde in different timesBrief introduction of Wildes lifeA list of his worksThe trial of wilde His wisdom quotes Wilde and his loveHis Dramatic Life Oscar Wilde was the second son born into an Anglo-Irish family, at 21 Westland Row, Dublin, to Sir William Wilde and his wife Jan

2、e Francesca Wilde. Sir William was Irelands leading surgeon and was knighted in 1864 for his services to medicine.He was a renowned philanthropist, and his dispensary for the care of the citys poor, in Lincoln Place at the rear of Trinity College, Dublin, was the forerunner of the Dublin Eye and Ear

3、 Hospital, now located at Adelaide Road.IntroductionIn June 1855 In June 1855, the family moved to Merrion Square in a fashionable residential area, where Wildes sister, Isola, was born in 1856. He attended Portora Royal School in Enniskillen, Fermanagh from the ages of nine to sixteen. After leavin

4、g Portora, Wilde studied classics at Trinity College, Dublin, from 1871 to 1874, He was an outstanding student, and won the Berkeley Gold Medal, the highest award available to classics students at Trinity. He was awarded a scholarship to Magdalen College, Oxford, where he continued his studies from

5、1874 to 1878 and where he became a part of the Aesthetic movement, one of its tenets being to make an art of life. While at Magdalen, he won the 1878 Newdigate Prize for his poem Ravenna, which he read out at Encaenia; he failed, to win the Chancellors English Essay Prize for an essay that would be

6、published posthumously as The Rise of Historical Criticism (1909). In November 1878, he graduated with a double first in classical moderations and Literae Humaniores, or Greats. In London, he met Constance Lloyd, daughter of wealthy Queens Counsel Horace Lloyd. She was visiting Dublin in 1884, when

7、Oscar was in the city to give lectures at the Gaiety Theatre. He proposed to her, and they married on May 29, 1884 in Paddington, London. Constances allowance of 250 allowed the Wildes to live in relative luxury. The couple had two sons, Cyril (1885) and Vyvyan (1886). A beautiful woman,but lead a t

8、ragic life with two children alone. After Oscars downfall, Constance took the surname Holland for herself and the boys. She died in 1898 following spinal surgery and was buried in Staglieno Cemetery in Genoa, Italy. Cyril was killed in France in World War I. Vyvyan also served in the war and later b

9、ecame an author and translator. He published his memoirs in 1954. Vyvyans son, Merlin Holland, has edited and published several works about his grandfather. Oscar Wildes niece, Dolly Wilde, had a lengthy lesbian relationship with writer Natalie Clifford Barney.All his works Novel: （The Picture of Do

10、rian Gray，1891年） Fairy tales :快樂王子和其他故事 （The Happy Prince and Other Tales，1888年） Including: 快樂王子(The happy prince) 夜鶯與薔薇(The nightingale and the rose) 自私的巨人(The selfish Giant) 忠實(shí)的朋友(the devoted friend) 了不起的火箭(the remarkable rocket ) 石榴屋（A House of Pomegranates，1891年） Poems: 詩(shī)集（Poems，1881年） 斯芬克斯（Sphi

11、nx，1894年） 瑞丁監(jiān)獄之歌（The Ballad of Reading Gaol，1898年）Drama: 溫德密爾夫人的扇子（Lady Windermeres Fan，1892年。 帕都瓦公爵夫人（The Duchess of Padua，1893年） 莎樂美（Salom，1893年）（原著用法語寫成） 真誠(chéng)最要緊（The Importance of Being Earnest，1895年） 理想的丈夫（An Ideal Husband，1895年。） His Masterpiece Salom The 1891 census records the Wildes residence

12、at 16 Tite Street where he lived with his wife Constance and sons. Wilde though, not content with being more well-known than ever in London, returned to Paris in October 1891, this time as a respected writer.Although He didnt succeed in his former two dramas,he still continued his interest in the th

13、eatre and after finding his voice in prose, his thoughts turned again to the dramatic form as the biblical iconography of Salome filled his head. One evening, after discussing depictions of Salome throughout history, he returned to his hotel to notice a blank copybook lying on the desk, and it occur

14、red to him to write down what he had been saying. He wrote a new play, Salom, rapidly and in French.The Introduction of Salome A tragedy, it tells the story of Salome, the stepdaughter of the tetrarch Herod Antipas, who, to her stepfathers dismay but mothers delight, requests the head of Jokanaan on

15、 a silver platter as a reward for dancing the Dance of the Seven Veils. But the play was refused a licence by the Lord Chamberlain, since it depicted biblical characters.Salome was published jointly in Paris and London in 1893, but was not performed until 1896 in Paris, during Wildes later incarcera

16、tion. Wilde was charged with buggery by the father of Lord Alfred Douglas and he was sentenced to two-year hard labour. Oscar was considered as icon by homosexualism nowadays.He said their love came naturally between a man of youth and a elderly man of wisdom.The Trial of Wilde Lord Alfred Douglas(B

17、osie) The man wilde love most devotedly The book was written by Wilde during his imprisonment for Bosie When a love comes to an end, weaklings cry, efficient ones instantly find another love and wise already had one in reserve.當(dāng)愛到了終點(diǎn),軟弱者哭泣,精明者馬上去發(fā)現(xiàn)另外一個(gè),聰明的早就預(yù)備了一個(gè). No great artist ever sees things as they really are. If he did he would cease to be an artist.沒有偉大的藝術(shù)家是看事物真實(shí)的樣子,如果他這樣那他就不再是藝術(shù)家 I represent to you all the sins you have never had the courage to commit我提供給你們的是你們沒勇氣去犯的罪 One can always be kind to people one cares nothing abo