climatechange

1、Unit ThreeGender, Climate Change and HealthSocial norms：社會(huì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；社會(huì)準(zhǔn)那么All citizens should comply with social norms所有公民都應(yīng)遵守社會(huì)準(zhǔn)那么.The culture differences of thesocial normswere the fundamental reason of the management conflict.社會(huì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的文化差異是導(dǎo)致治理沖突的根本原因.vulnerabilityVulnerable: susceptible to attackModern huma

2、ns were morevulnerable to the cold.現(xiàn)代人更容易受到嚴(yán)寒的攻擊.The financial crisis has also shown up Russia'vulnerability.此次金融危機(jī)也顯現(xiàn)了俄羅斯的脆弱.They complain that big firms in rich countries are exploiting their vulnerability.他們抱怨,富裕國(guó)家的大公司正在利用他們的弱點(diǎn).aftermathAftermath: the consequences of an event (especially a ca

3、tastrophic event)Germany has put its own accent on policies to deal with thaftermath of the global economic crisis.德國(guó)已經(jīng)將重心轉(zhuǎn)移到應(yīng)對(duì)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)后續(xù)影響的政策方面.It has been a difficult year, but we are learning to put the event and its ftermath into perspective.這是艱難的一年,但我們正在學(xué)習(xí)正確地對(duì)待這件事和它帶來(lái)的后果.be proportional toPunishm

4、ent oughtto be proportional tothe crime.懲罰應(yīng)該與所犯的罪相應(yīng).Payment will be proportional to the amount of work done.酬金將與工作量成比例.No pay no gain (no pain no gain); the right mustbe proportional to the responsibility.沒(méi)有付出沒(méi)有收獲；權(quán)利必須與義務(wù)相對(duì)稱.vary inverselyCentral venous pressure monitoring in patients with cardiopul

5、monary disease cavnary inversely with the PA occlusion pressure (PAOP).在有心肺疾病的患者,中央靜脈壓的變化可與肺動(dòng)脈楔壓的變化相反.Pressurevaries directly with temperature and inversely with volume .壓力隨溫度成正比例變化與容積成反比例變化.Threshold:Any increment above this threshold represents profit.任何高于此閾值的增產(chǎn)量即為利潤(rùn).Dinosaurs were most likely wip

6、ed out by a giant meteor that cooled Earth's temperatures below their threshold for survival.恐龍的滅絕很可能是由于一顆巨大的流星導(dǎo)致地球溫度降到了它們生存的臨界值以下.Even then I fell a few times, but I thought of it as building my pain threshold即使在那時(shí)我還摔過(guò)幾次,但我把這權(quán)當(dāng)是鍛煉自己對(duì)疼痛的忍耐力而已.MeteorologicalMeteorology is the study of the atmosph

7、ere and its phenomena and the weather.氣象學(xué)是對(duì)于大氣、大氣的現(xiàn)象與天氣的研究.What we will have to do is we will have to adapt to the meteorologicalconditions.我們必須要做的是,我們要適應(yīng)現(xiàn)在的各種氣候條件._Sandstorm is ameteorologicaldisaster, but also a serious ecological environment problem.沙塵暴是一種氣象災(zāi)害,也是嚴(yán)重的生態(tài)環(huán)境問(wèn)題.PrecipitationThe system

8、will show precipitation forecasts that are updated every 15 minutes, as well as distribution of rain, snow or hail.系統(tǒng)會(huì)顯示降水預(yù)測(cè),是每15分鐘更新,以及分配的雨,雪或冰雹.The annual averageorecipitation is 413 millimeters.年平均降水量413毫米.maroonedIf you say that you are marooned, you mean that you feel alone and helpless and you

9、 cannot escape from the place or situation you are in.受困的There was real fear that once on the lunar surface the astronauts might end up marooned and beyond rescue.真正讓人害怕的是,一旦宇航員踏上月球外表,他們有可能受困而亡,并且無(wú)法救援.regardless ofRegardless ofregional differences in cuisine, a primary consideration in food preparat

10、ion is freshness.不管各區(qū)的烹調(diào)法各有不同,第一個(gè)要考慮到的是食材新鮮.Heroes are the people who do what has to be done when it needs to be doreg ardless ofthe consequences英雄是在需要的時(shí)候做出必須做的事的人們,他們不考慮自己的安危.AridArid: lacking sufficient water or rainfallThe region is semi-arid to arid in overall climate.這個(gè)地區(qū)總體上是半干旱至干旱氣候.These plan

11、ts will not root in such arid soil.這種植物在這種貧瘠的土地上不會(huì)生根.They are quick growing, can be harvested repeatedly, and are tolerant to arid and saline conditions so can be grown on otherwise unproductive land.它們生長(zhǎng)很快,可以反復(fù)收割,并且對(duì)干旱和鹽堿環(huán)境有很好的耐性,因而可以種植在其他作 物難以生長(zhǎng)之地.Take its toll: cause damageBeing the boss cantake

12、its toll on health.當(dāng)老板通常是以犧牲健康為代價(jià)的.His hard work will eventually take its toll on his health.他的工作辛苦,最終一定會(huì)對(duì)他身體會(huì)造成傷害._Inside, the pain of her life was starting totake its toll在內(nèi)心,生命中的痛楚已開(kāi)始折磨她.indebtednessGreece has become a symbol of governmerin debtedness希臘是一個(gè)政府欠債的典型.I should like to acknowledge my i

13、ndebtednessand gratitude to my graduate study supervisors.我想對(duì)培養(yǎng)我的研究生導(dǎo)師表示感謝.Spill overThe benefits may evenspill over beyond rural areas to the rest of the country.好處甚至可能超出鄉(xiāng)村的范圍而延伸至全國(guó).We saw market turmoil reach a new level last week, anSpill over into the rest of the economy.我們看到,市場(chǎng)動(dòng)亂上周到達(dá)了一個(gè)新的水平,已涉及

14、經(jīng)濟(jì)的其他領(lǐng)域.His interference spilt over into confusion.他的干預(yù)引起了混亂.Empirical:經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義的,完全根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的Empirical: derived from experiment and observation rather than theoryHe made his name as aempirical economist.他使自己成為一名有經(jīng)驗(yàn)依據(jù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家.Empirical observation says that it is rarely a problem for users.但經(jīng)驗(yàn)顯示,這對(duì)用戶來(lái)說(shuō)通常不是問(wèn)題.Emp

15、irical evidence for the existence of population traps is not substantial .關(guān)于人口陷井存在的經(jīng)驗(yàn)證據(jù)還不夠充分.stoicismHe appeared to face life's setbacks witStoicism.他看來(lái)很能以容忍態(tài)度面對(duì)人生的挫折.Over the centuries this has produced a sort oftoicism.幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái),這種經(jīng)歷產(chǎn)生了一種堅(jiān)忍自制的精神.She showed greastoicismduring her husband's fin

16、al 川ness.她在丈夫患病臨終期間表現(xiàn)出了堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的毅力.Masculinity男子氣；剛毅Masculinity: the trait of behaving in ways considered typical for menLet us work together to enjoy the kind of masculinity!讓我們一起去領(lǐng)略那種陽(yáng)剛之氣！A recurring theme in his writing, as in Hemingway's, was man testing hismasculinity.在他的主題中,如同海明威,描述的都是一個(gè)男人不斷磨練他的

17、男子氣概.Today's culture requires males to expand the traditional notions om asculinity.現(xiàn)在的文化要求男性擴(kuò)大男人氣概的觀念.ContiguousContiguous: connecting without a break; within a common boundaryThe contiguous areaof Jin-Shan-Mong is one of the key areas in resources exploitation in China.晉陜蒙接壤區(qū)是我國(guó)資源重點(diǎn)開(kāi)發(fā)區(qū)之一.The b

18、readth of thecontiguous zones twelve nautical miles.毗連區(qū)的寬度為十二海里.Equity:公平；公正Third, the promotion of social equity, justice and harmony.第三,促進(jìn)社會(huì)的公平、公正、和諧.As of the moment, the proponents are in need of aequity partner.截止目前,本公司尋求一位公平,公正的合作伙伴._That makes the problem of environmentabquity become a more serious issue.當(dāng)前,環(huán)境公平問(wèn)題日益凸顯.prospective: adj.未來(lái)的；預(yù)期的Prospective: concerned with or related to the futureOur study is the only randomizedprospective studyof two different surgical techniques.我們的研究是唯一一個(gè)對(duì)2種術(shù)式進(jìn)行