2018屆中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)專題檢測17閱讀理解—說明文(二)試題

1、專題檢測十七閱讀理解說明文（二）（時間：30 分鐘滿分:50 分）閱讀理解（每小題 2 分,共 50 分）Passagel（2017 湖北棗陽下學(xué)期期末）Teachers at America n colleges and uni versities have many differe nt teach ing methods.Someteachers give homework and check homework every day,a nd stude nts in their classes have to takemany exams.Some teachers give only

2、writi ng tasks.Some teachers always follow a course outl ine andusually use the textbook.Others send stude nts to the library for tasks.The atmosphere（ 氣氛）in some classrooms is very formal.Students call their teachers Professor（ 教授）Smith,Mrs Jones and so on. Some teachers wear bus in ess clothes and

3、 give talks.Otherclassrooms have an in formal（勻非正式的）atmosphere.Stude nts and teachers discuss their ideas.Teachers dress in formally,a nd stude ntscall them by their first n ames.America n teachers are differe nt in their teach ing styles.At most America n colleges and uni versities,libraries and le

4、ar ning cen ters can be used by students at any time.They can ofte n use tape recorders,video machi nes and computers.They can buybooks,notebooks and other things at campus stores.There are also services（ 服務(wù)）to students.Theycan get advice on their problems from their teachers.Colleges and universiti

5、esusually offerfacilities（ 設(shè)施）to students.Someschools have swim ming pools and tennis courts.Most have fast food restaura nts.1 .At America n colleges and uni versities,some teachersC .A. n ever give their stude nts any homeworkB. give classes in the libraryC. give only writ ing tasksD. only give th

6、eir students writing exams2.ln an in formal class,B .A. stude nts call their teachers Professor Smith,Mrs .Jones and so onB. stude nts discuss their ideas with their teachersC. stude nts have to take many examsD. teachers dress formally3. The underlined word“campus means A in Chinese.A.校園B.工廠C.社區(qū)D.廣

7、場4. According to the passage,most colleges and universitiesin America have B .A.swimmi ng poolsB.fast food restaura ntsC.te nnis courts D.basketball courts5. Which of the follow ing is not men ti oned in this passage?DA. Teach ing methods.B. Teach ing styles.C. College facilities（設(shè)施）.D. Uni versity

8、dinning rooms.2Passage2（2017 山東臨沂經(jīng)濟(jì)開發(fā)區(qū)一模）According to a new report,Americans drink more soda（蘇打）than ever before.Doyour parents ever try to limit how much soda you drink?Do they say drinking too much isn t good foryou?Right now,in New York,Mayor（市長）Michael Bloomberg also limits how much sodayou can

9、have and it is not only for you but also for adults!Start ing in March,2013,places like movietheaters,restaurants and sports centers,can t sellsodas larger than 473 mL.Sellers who break the ban（禁令）will face a $200 fine .Butyou can still get whatever size you want at supermarkets.Why is drinking too

10、much soda un healthy for you?A study shows that for every soda a child drinksevery day,their obesity（月肥月半）risk appears to jump 60%.In NewYork,more than half of adults and nearly 40%of children are overweight.Obesity kills thousands of NewYorkers every year and the city spends as much as $4 billion a

11、 year on medical care for overweight andobese people.New York has a populationof about 8 million.Ofcourse,it s impossible for allNew Yorkers to agree on the ban. There are differe nt opinion s.Keith Aike n believes the ban can helpfight teen s obesity. “Clearly,soda causes teen s obesity.We have to

12、do someth in g. ” hesays.Chuck Kalle nbach does n t think the ban can work.Hesays, “ I can t buy a large cup of soda,but I can buy two small cups.” MichaelTansini says, “ Whatever size cup I want is my own bus in ess.No one should limit it! ” 1 .Thispassage is mainly written forC .A.teachersB.adults

13、C.tee nagersD.sellers2. Where can one get sodas larger than 473 mL in New York after March,2013?DA. At movie theaters.B. At restaura nts.C. At sports cen ters.D. At supermarkets.3. Who are agai nst the ban? AA. Chuck Kallenbach and Michael Tansini.B. Michael Bloomberg and Keith Aike n.C. Michael Blo

14、omberg and Chuck Kalle nbach.D. Keith Aike n and Michael Tan si ni.4. Which of the followi ng is TRUE accord ing to the passage?DA. New York is a city with abut 80,000,000 people.B. Over half of childre n are overweight or obese in New York.C. Nearly 40% of New Yorkers are aga inst the large-size so

15、da ban.D. Thousa nds of New Yorkers lost their lives every year because of obesity.5. The underlined word“fine ” means B in Chinese.A.投資 B.罰款C.貸款D.債務(wù)?導(dǎo)學(xué)號 33404281 ?3Passage3（2017 江蘇南京押題卷）The days of having to carry a phone charger（充電器everywhere could soon beover.Researchers from America have made gr

16、eat progress in getting energy from human moti on（ 運(yùn)動）.They say smartph ones could get eno ugh power just by the moti on of fin gers on the scree n.The low-cost device（ 裝置）has already bee n tested in an America n uni versity.Scie ntistssuccessfully showed an LED touch scree n,a total of 20 LED light

17、s and a keyboard,all with a simpletouching or pressing motion and without the help of a battery（ 電池）.“ What I predicted is the possibility of not havi ng to charge your smartpho ne for a wholeweek,for example,because that energy will be produced by your motion, ” said one of the researchers.The comp

18、leted device is as thin as a sheet of paper.Electrical energy is created when you pressit.The device used to power the LED lights is the size of a hand while the device used to power the touchscree n is as small as a fin ger.The device will become more powerful when folded.Each time you fold it,the

19、energy you create willbe doubled.You can start with a large device,but whe n you fold it once,and again,and again,it s nowmuch smaller,and has more energy.lt may be small eno ugh to put in a specially made heel of your shoeso it can create power each time your heel kn ocks the groun d.The researcher

20、s are also develop ingtech no logy that would send the power produced from the heel strike to an earph one.1 .Accordi ng to researchers from America,smartpho nes will get power fromA .A. the moving of fin gersB. a new kind of batteryC. the moving of headsD. the solar en ergy2. How long may the new w

21、ay keep your smartph one powered?CA.One day. B.Two days.C.One week.D.Half a mon th.3. How large is the device used to power the touch scree n?BA. The size of a book.B. The size of a fin ger.C. The size of a sheet of paper.D. The size of a hand.4. What does the underlined word“heel ” mean in Chinese?

22、BA.鞋帶B.鞋后跟C.鞋墊D.鞋幫5. What does the passage mainly tell us?DA. A new kind of smartph one.B. A new kind of LED light.C. A kind of LED touch scree n.D. A new way to gain en ergy.?導(dǎo)學(xué)號 33404282?Passage4（2017 湖北棗陽期末）On August 15,2011,theMinistryof Public Security（ 公安部started a campaign（活4動）to educate driv

23、ers about the dan gers of drivi ng after drinking.As a part of the campaign,policeofficers watched bars,restaurantsand KTVs inBeiji ng,Sha nghai,Lia onin g,Jia ngsu,Zhejia ng,Hubei and Guangdong.lt en ded up on December30.But it told the drivers the meaning of the new traffic laws and the dan gers o

24、f drinking.In Beijing,some restaurants put up notices and told drivers about their responsibility. “ Usually ifa group of guests come by car,the driver won t drink.lf he does,we will remind him, ” said a waitressfrom Dongfang Restaura nt in Beijing.Fewer drivers are drinking alcohol（ 酒精）nowadays,sin

25、cemany know about thecampaig n.Wang Lankun,a traffic policema n in Beiji ng said,“ Some drivers think a glassof beer is not a problem.But a blood test will show that their blood-alcohol level is more tha n 20mg foreach 100mL of blood;that is eno ugh to affect their drivi ng. ”During the campaign,dri

26、vers who have a blood-alcohol level of over 20mgfor each 100ml of bloodwill get a fine of 500 yuan.Also,they will not be allowed to drive for three mon ths.In fact,there are strict laws to punish drunk drivingin many other countries.Forexample,i n the USA,if some one has a blood-alcohollevel of over

27、 80mg for each 100mLof blood,he will be sent to prison for one year.But in Britain,he will be fined 5,000 pounds and banned（ 禁止）from driving for 12 months,also he will be sent to prison for 6 mon ths .In Germa ny,if a driverhas a blood-alcohol level of over 60mg for each 100ml of blood,he won t be a

28、llowed to drive until hepasses a new driving test.1 .How long did the campaig n last?BA. For about half a year.B. For about four and a half mon ths.C. For about 12 mon ths.D. For about three mon ths.2.The police officers watched many places exceptC .A.restaura ntsB.KTVsC.schoolsD.bars3.lf a driver d

29、rinks a glass of beer before drivi ng in China,C .A. it won t affect his drivingB. he will take a new driving test and get a driver s licenseC. he won t be allowed to drive for three mon thsD. his blood-alcohol level will be over 60mg for each 100mL of blood4.lf a driver has a blood-alcohol level of

30、 over 80mg for each 100mL of blood in Germa ny,which punishme nt will he accept?BA. One year in pris on.B. Banned until he passes a new driving test.C. A 12-month ban from the roads.D. A fine of 5,000 pou nds.5.From the text,we knowA .A. the waitress in the restaura nt can remind the driver not to d

31、rinkB. more and more drivers are drinking alcohol no wadays5C. the Ministry of Public Security began this campaign to punish the driversD. all drivers must pass a new drivi ng test if they drive after drinkingPassage5（2017 山東臨沂經(jīng)濟(jì)開發(fā)區(qū)一模）solar treesIndian scientistshave designed a new device（ 設(shè)備）that t

32、hey hope will solve oneof the biggest problems with the use of solar en ergy.They call the device a solar tree.Solar trees havemetal“branches ” （分枝 ）.Each branch holds a solar panel（太陽能電池板 ）.These pan els have flat surfaces that collect energy from the sun and turn it intoelectricity.Daljit Singh Bedi is the chief（首席的）scientist at the Council of Scientificand In dustrial Research in In dia.Bedi says the shape of the solar trees makes it possible to fit moresolar pan els in a space tha n traditi onal systems do.This means less land would be needed to producesolar energy. “ It takes abo